初中英语语法梳理和提高

他很少生病。

You must always remember this. 你一定要记住这一点。 I often write to my parents. 我经常写信给父母。

Do you usually go to school on foot. 你经常走路去上学？ He has never been to Beijing. 他从来没有去过北京。

注意： 有时为了加强语气，频度副词也可放在句首。如：

Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike. 有时她乘公共汽车上学，有时骑自行车去。

程度副词修饰动词时，与频度副词相同，修饰形容词和副词时，放在它所修 饰的词前面。如： That‘s quite early. 那很早。

I nearly missed the bus. 我几乎错过了公交车。 She did rather badly. 她干得相当糟。

否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如： She seldom goes out at night. 她晚上很少出门。 I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。

We had hardly got to the station when the train left. 火车离开时，我们差不多/几乎到了车站。 疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如： When can you come? 你什么时候来？

How many days are there in a month? 一个月有多少天？

What are you going to do when you grow up? 张大以后，你打算干什么？ Where were you born? 你是在那里出生的？ Why didn‘t he come? 他为什么没有来？

关系副词when, where, why 引导定语从句时，位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后。如： Tell me the reason why you did it. 把你这样做的理由告诉我。

It‘s the sort of day when you‘d like to stay in bed. 这是个令人恋床不起的日子。 I don‘t know the place where we will go.

我不知道我们将要去的地方。

同时存在时间状语和地点状语时，时间状语一般放在后面。如： The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow. 明天会议将在教室里举行。 He watched TV in his room last night. 他作晚在房间里看电视。

They arrived in Beijing at 8 o‘clock last evening. 他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京。

注：有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如： late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等

The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time. Open your mouth wide.

三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下： 1) 符合规则的： 情 况 一 般 情 况 以e结尾的词 以―辅音+y‖结尾的词 以一个辅音字母结尾的词 多音节和部分双音节单词 加 法 直接加 -er ; -est 加 –r ; -st 变y为i再加-er ; -est 辅音字母双写，再加-er ; -est 在词前加 more ; most 例 词 tall-taller-tallest nice-nicer-nicest dry-drier-driest heavy-heavier-heaviest thin-thinner-thinnest more delicious most delicious 2）几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表： 原 级 good , well bad , ill many , much little far 形容词和副词比较级的用法 级别 比较程度 肯 定 原 级 同 等 程 度 形 式 否 定 形 式 not + so (as) +原级+as (不如……那样) English is not so difficult as science. She does not study so well as I do. As+原级+as (像……一样) Art is as interesting as music. Play as well as you can. 表达方式和意义 例 句 备 注 比较级 better worse more less farther / further 最高级 best worst most least farthest / furthest 比较级前面不同程度 （用于两者比比较级 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越……） 程度加深 The + 比较级，the + 比较级 （越……, 越……） 最高级 最高程度 （用于三者或三者以上） He is growing taller and taller. He studies better and better. The more books she reads, the better she understand. Spring is the best season of the The +最高级+of (in) (最……) year. Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all. 较） 可以加 比较级+than (比……) Jim is older than Luky. I like pork better than beef. much, far, even, still, a lot, a little, a bit等 副词最高级前面的the 往往省略 注意：有些形容词，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制，没有比较级。

例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！

He is ________ friends than I.

A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too more

解析： 后面有可数名词复数时， many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。 应选B. 2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?

A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing

解析： 两者比较用比较级， 表示―发达‖用 developed, 而developing 是 ―发展中的― 意思 3． There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.

A. little B. few C. fewer D. less

解析：little 不能修饰可数名词，两者比较需用比较级， 所以应选C. 4. If you are not free today, come another day __________. A. too B. so C. instead D. yet

解析：instead 作副词用时意为―代替，顶替‖， 表示前面的事情没做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。应选C.

5．He can‘t tell us ________, I think.

A. important anything B. anything important

C. important something D. something important.

解析：不定代词与形容词联用需后置，否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B 6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest

解析：―定冠词the+ 序数词 + 形容词最高级 ― 表示―第几大……‖ 应选C. 7. The light in the office wasn‘t ________for him to read.

A. enough bright B. bright enough C. brightly D. enough brightly 解析：enough修饰名词时可前可后， 修饰形容词或副词时， 要后置。应选B. 8. There was an accident at the corner. ________, the girl wasn‘t _________hurt. A. luckily, badly B. luck, hardly C. Lucky, heavily D. Lucky, strongly

解析：第一空修饰全句需用副词，第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词， 因此选A. 9. You must keep your eyes _________ when you do eye exercises.

A. close B. open C. closed D., opened 解析: 此处需用形容词做宾语补足语。 应选C.

10. Five days has passed , but I haven‘t finished half of the work. ________, A. already B. still C. too D. yet

解析：already 与 yet 都可用于现在完成时态。Already常用于肯定句， 而yet 常用与否定句。应选D.

练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！

选择最佳答案填空：

Don‘t worry, sir. I‘m sure I can run _________ to catch up with them.

A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast 2. The text is very easy for you. There are ________ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little

3. It‘s such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it.

A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested; interested 4. Mingming got up very _______,so he came to school half an hour ______. A. late; lately B. lately; late C. lately; lately D. late; late 5. I am ________ worried about y parents‘ healthy conditions. A. some times B. sometime C. sometimes D. some times 6. We don‘t have ________ every day.

A. a lot of school works B. many school work C. any school works D. much school work 7. –Look! How fast the two horses are running! --Oh, yes! They are nearly _______.

A. up and down B. slower and slower C. more or less D. neck and neck 8. ______ children there are in family,_______ their life will be.

A. The less; the better B. The fewer; the better C. Fewer; richer D. More; poorer 9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ________.

A. more and more rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. richer and richest 10. Which lesson is _______, this one or that one?

A. difficult B. much difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult 11. ―A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a.m.‖ said the policeman _______.

A. serious, serious B. seriously, seriously C. seriously, serious D. serious, seriously 12. ________ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?

A. How long B. How often C. How far D. How much 13. In our city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August. A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter 14. This pencil is ______ that one.

A. so long as B. as longer as C. longer than D. not as longest as 15. The station is two kilometers _______ the hospital. A. away to B. far away C. far from D. away from

16. Beijing has ______ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours. A. so B. very C. too D. much

17. This box is ______ heavy ________ I can‘t carry it. A. too, to B. so, that C. very, that D. too, that 18. India has the second _______ population in the world. A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest