2018版高考英语大一轮复习语法专题讲析专题十一 并列句和状语从句

(that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。

◆连词与语法填空

并列句和状语从句中的连词是语法填空题中常考点之一。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，常考的并列连词有and，but，or，so，while，when等；常考的从属连词有if，although/though，once，unless，when，where，since，before，after，because，as等。

[典题试做1]

在空白处填入适当的连词

1．[2016·全国Ⅲ]Over time，________ the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.

2．[2016·四川]________ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.

3．[2016·北京]I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.

4．[2015·北京]________ the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.

答案：1.as/when 2.When/If 3.because 4．Once/If/When [应对策略1]

若设空处在两个或两个以上单词或短语之间或两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间，并且中间没有连词、分号或句号，则一定是填并列连词或从属连词。

◆连词与短文改错

短文改错中对于连词的考查主要涉及连词使用不当，缺少连词以及多余连词(although不能与but连用，because不能与so连用)等情况。

[典题试做2]

单句改错(每小题1处错误)

1．[2016·全国Ⅰ]Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.________

2．[2016·全国Ⅰ]Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality

oil are used for cooking.________

3．[2016·全国Ⅱ]If we stay at home，it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.________

4．[2016·四川]Mom has a full－time job，so she has to do most of the housework.________

答案：1.去掉but 2.or→and 3.but→and 4.so→but [应对策略2]

对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句之间是否有连词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连词是否运用正确。解题时，可以注意以下几个方面：

(1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，根据连词在句中作何成分，判断正误；

(2)注意but转折、and并列、or或者(选择)、so因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混用；

(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用； (4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before等连词的用法区别。 ◆书面表达中并列句与状语从句易错点聚焦

(一)在书面表达中往往缺乏并列句意识，主要存在以下两个方面的倾向： 1．机械排列简单句

I believe I am fit for it.I'm writing to apply for the position.

如果我们把意义相关的这两个句子用适当的连词连接起来，可得到下面的句子：

I believe I am fit for it，so I'm writing to apply for the position.

比较一下，同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢？并列连词的应用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感，使句子之间显得更加紧凑。

2．逗号连接两个简单句

I'm enthusiastic and easy－going，I'm easy to get along with and can cooperate well with others.

在该句中含有两个简单句，中间用逗号起了连接作用，显然这是不符合英语语法规则的。我们不妨做如下改动：

I'm enthusiastic and easy－going，so I'm easy to get along with and can cooperate well with others.

(二)对于状语从句，在实际运用中主要存在以下问题： 1．从句意识缺乏

The Expo is very attractive. We are all eager to pay a visit to it. The Expo is so attractive that we are all eager to pay a visit to it. 通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。 2．状语从句成分残缺

(误)Please close the doors and windows before_leave the classroom. (正)Please close the doors and windows before_you_leave the classroom. 由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。 3．连接词误用

(误)Teachers and parents should respect us no_matter we are in or outside school.

(正)Teachers and parents should respect us whether we are in or outside school. 尽管两句从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度no matter一般后跟特殊疑问词，而whether可直接引导状语从句。

(误)Though he is considered a great writer，but his works are not widely read. (正)Though he is considered a great writer，his works are not widely read. 在让步状语从句中，though和although不能与but连用。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．[2017·山东泰安一模]Count，but never stop________you find the truth. 2．[2017·安徽安庆重点中学模拟]There are several reasons for sleep.We sleep________we need to dream.

3．[2017·浙江杭州一检]________there was no conclusive evidence，most people thought he was guilty.

4．[2017·江西红色七校一联]The young man wanted to help the dog，________as he approached，the dog started to bark.

5．[2017·北京东城期中]I have never been to Rome________that's the city I'd most like to visit.

答案：1.until/before 2.because 3.Though/While/Although 4.but/yet 5.but Ⅱ.单句改错

1．My new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmates，my school or just everything else I love in the world.________

2．My father is hardworking but goes to work in the field every day.________ 3．I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago.________

4．In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.________

5．Mom，though I may not often say it，I do love you.Nobody can take your part in my heart.Whenever I am，I will always love you.________

答案：1.or→and 5.Whenever→Wherever

Ⅲ.语法填空

A(连词专练)

My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.________I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.________the door bell rang.However，my sister unlocked the door 3.________I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw her 4.________her clothes and face were terribly dirty.She looked much poorer 5.________we expected.6.________we didn't know what had happened to her，we stood there and waited for my sister's story.We wouldn't leave 7.________my sister told us all about it.8.________my sister got changed，she told us that she fell into a ditch 9.________she walked on a path on her way to my uncle's home in the countryside.She couldn't get out of the ditch.10.________she cried for help loudly，no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it，but 11.________hard she tried，she failed to escape from it.12.________time went by，she got worried.

After several vain attempts she had to stand 13.________she was and waited 14.________a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 15.________the boy told，so that she came out.

2.but→and

3.after→since

4.unless→until/till

答案：1.while 2.than 3.before 4.because

5．than 6.Since 7.unless 8.After 9.when 10.Although/Though 11.however 12.As

13．where 14.until 15.as

B

[2017·江西南日十校二模]

Hospitals haven't always been clean and quiet places.Long ago they were dirty and crowded.Nurses were never taught 1.________to look after their patients and many people died.It was Florence Nightingale who changed all this.

Florence was born in 1820.As a child，she often went with her mother 2.________(visit)the poor people.They took food and medicine to the sick.It was these visits that first gave her the idea of becoming 3.________nurse.

Her chance came in 1854 when Britain went to war with Russia.Florence 4.________(ask)by the government to take a group of nurses to look after the sick and the 5.________(wound)．The hospitals were dirty，and there wasn't enough medicine.Florence and her team worked very hard,6.________(clean)the hospital rooms and made the bed every day.At night，she would go from room to room,7.________(check)on the patients.She often stayed to talk to the patients and provided comfort 8.________them.

After the war，Florence opened a school to teach nurses to look after their patients 9.________(proper)．However，she never really made a full 10.________(recover)from the illness that she had in the war，and she died in 1910.

答案：1.how 2.to visit 3.a 4.was asked 5．wounded 6.cleaned 7.checking 8.for 9．properly 10.recovery