中级口译25句型

I told you so! 我曾告诉过你是如此。 So I told you! 我曾如此告诉过你。

Verb pattern 13

Vb + Conjunctive + to + Infinitive, etc.

I wonder how to do it. 我茫然不知如何做这件事。 I do not know what to do. 我不知道怎么办。

He is learning how to swim. 他正在学习怎么样游泳。 She was wondering which to buy. 她正踌躇不知买那一样好。 Will you find out how to get there? 你去查询如何能到那儿, 好吗？ You must remember when to begin. 你必须记住何时开始。

I do not know whether to go or stay. 我不知道是去好还是留好。

Verb pattern 14

Vb + Noun or Pronoun Conjunctive + to + Infinitive, etc.

We showed him how to do it. 我们曾演示给他看如何做那件事。 He was shown how to do it.

Please tell me which to take. 请告诉我拿那一个。

Can you advise me which to buy? 你能建议我买那一样吗？ The patterns show you how to make sentences. 这些句型指示你怎样造句。 Tell me whether to come or not. 告诉我要不要我来。

They told him when to start. 他们曾告诉他何时开始。 He was told when to start.

Tell her what to do. 告诉她要做什么。 此型也可用十六型构造。

We showed him how he should do it. 我们曾演示给他看应如何做这件事。

Verb pattern 15

Vb + Conjunctive + Clause. Whether 有时可用if 代替。

I wonder why he has not come. 我奇怪他为什么没有来。 I wonder whether (or if) he will come. 我不知道他是否会来。

I do not mind where we go. 我们到那里去，我无所谓。 Do you know who he is? 你知道他是谁吗？ I do not care what you think. 我不管你怎么想。

Can you suggest where this ought to go? 你能建议应把这放置到那里吗？ Please say what you want. 请说明你要什么。

Nobody knows whose it is. 没有人知道那是谁的。

Verb pattern 16

Vb + Noun or Pronoun + Conjunctive + Clause.

Tell me what it is. 告诉我那是什么。 Ask him where he put it. 问他把它放在那里。

They asked us when we should be back. 他们问我们将于何时回来。 Can you tell me how high it is? 你能告诉我它有多高吗？ Can you inform me when the train leaves? 你能通知我火车何时开吗？ Please advise me whether these seeds should be sown now.

请教我这些种子应否现在播撒。

Verb pattern 17 此种动词后可跟动名词。Vb + Gerund, etc

A 组： （包括 keep on , go on, give up）若动名词可以替换为不定式，则两者意义互异。

Please stop talking. 请停止谈话。 He enjoys playing tennis. 他极爱打网球。

I remember doing it. 我记得曾做过此事。 Please excuse my being so late. 请原谅我来得这样晚。 Do you mind staying a little longer? 你可否再停留一刻？ (Will you please stay a little longer? 请你再停留一刻好吗?) Do you mind my staying a little longer? 你是否愿意我再停留一刻？ (Will you please allow me to stay a little longer?)

She couldn’t help laughing. 她忍不住笑起来了。 He keeps on coming here. 他不断地到这儿来。 They went on talking. 他们继续谈下去。

They went on to talk about other matters. 他们接着又谈些别的事情. Has it left off raining yet? 雨已经停止了吗？ 另：

we stopped to talk.( stopped doing something in order to talk) he never remembers to post my letters.

( never remembers that he has letters of mine to post.) 他从来不记得替我寄(我的)信.

B: 动名词可以替换为不定式, 意义不变.

He began talking (=to talk) 他开始谈话. He likes swimming (= to swim) 他喜欢游泳. I prefer staying (=to stay) indoors on cold winter evenings.

在寒冬的晚上,我宁愿留在室内. I hate refusing (= to refuse) every time. 我很遗憾每次都拒绝. He started packing(=to pack) his books and clothes.

他开始将他的书籍和衣服整理装箱.

C: 动名词等于被动式不定式.

It wants doing (= to be done). 此事尚待处理.

Your work needs correcting (= to be corrected), 你的工作需要改正. That needs explaining (=to be explained). 那需要解释.

Verb pattern 18

Vb + Direct Object + Preposition + Prepositional Object A: 介词为to.

I gave the money to my friend. 我把钱给我的朋友了. I gave my friend the money.

They told the news to everybody they met. 他们把消息告诉了他们所遇到的每一个人. We showed the pictures to our teachers. 我们把那些图书给我们的老师们看了. I don’t lend my books to anybody. 我不把我的书借给任何人. He offered one to me. 他献一个给我.

I owe ten pounds to my tailor. 我欠裁缝师十磅. I owe my tailor ten pounds.

Throw that box to me. 把那个盒了抛给我. Bring that book to me. 把那本书给我带来. Bring me that book.

B: 介词为 for

He bought a gold watch for his wife. 他给他的妻子买了一只金表. He bought his wife a gold watch.

Please save some for me. 请给我留一点. Please save me some.

She made a new dress for herself. 她给自己做了一件新装. She made herself a new dress.

Have you left any for your sister? 你有没有给你的妹妹留一点? Have you left your sister any?

Please get two tickets for me. 请给我买两张票. Please get me two tickets.

以上A B 均可改造为十九型.

C: 中介词不一定, 且不可改造为十九型.

1．Thank you for your kind help. 谢谢你的惠助。 2．Ask him for some more. 向他再要一点。

3．Compare this with that. 把这个与那个比较一下。 4．They punished him for being late. 他们因他迟到而处罚他。 5．Congratulate him on his success. 向他祝贺他的成功。 6．Don’t throw stones at the dog. 不要向那只狗掷石头。 7．What prevented you from coming? 什么事使你不能来？

8．Add this to what you already have. 把这个加在你所已有的一起。 9．I explained my difficulty to him. 我把我的困难向他说明了。 10．Protect us from the enemy. 请保护我们免受敌人的侵袭。

本句型按照这个词序，恒用于直接受词为代名词的场合， 如上例1.2.4.5.7和10.

可是在有些情形，直接受词可以出现在句末。其词序为“介系词＋介系词受词＋直接受词“。而非“直接受词＋介系词＋介系词受词“。这个词序的颠倒常是为了（a）意义的明确。（b）强调直接受词的重要。 例如：

we heard from Jones all about his sister’s escape.

我们由琼斯处听到关于他妹妹逃走的一切经过。 为了意义明确必须颠倒。 His sister’s escape from Jones. 他妹妹从琼斯处逃走。

I explained to everyone in the room that nothing could be done until the following week. 我向房间里的每一个解释说，不到下一个星期毫无办法。 Add the examples I have written on the blackboard to what you already have . 把我写在黑板上的例子跟你已经有的加在一起。 Add to what you already have the examples I have written on the blackboard.

在你已经有的上面再加上我在黑板上所写的例子。 两种说法均可，颠倒使直接受词较为突出。

Don’t throw stones at the dog. 不要向那只狗掷石头。 Don’t throw at the dog anything that might hurt him.

不要向那只狗投掷任何可能伤害他的东西。 在第二句中为了清楚必须颠倒：前行词dog 在him 之前。

Verb pattern 19

Vb + Indirect Object + Direct Object

A: 动词可以与介系词to 连用(即十八型A)

Have they paid you the money? 他们已将钱付给你了吗？ Will you lend me five shillings? 你愿意借给我五先令吗？

Our teacher gave us an English lesson. 我们的老师给我们上了一课英文。 I read him the letter. 我把那封信念给他听。 Please throw me that book. 请把那本书抛给我。

His mother told him a story. 他的母亲给他讲了一个故事。 He handed me the book. 他把书交给我了。

The pupils wished their teacher ‘Good morning’. 学生们祝他们的老师“早安“。 He denies her nothing. 他任何事情都不拒绝她。

B: 中之动词可以与介系词for连用(即十八型B).

She made herself a cup of tea. 她替自己预备了一杯茶。

Her father bought her a new dress. 她的父亲给她买了一件新衣。 Buy me one. 给我买一个

Did you leave me any? 你给我留了一点吗？

She ordered herself a new dress. 她替自己定购了一件新衣。 Will you do me a favor? 你愿意给我帮一个忙吗？ Can you spare me one? 你能给我留一个吗？

Can you get me a copy of that book? 你能把那书给我弄一本吗？