高三英语大一轮复习 book 3 unit 4 astronomythe science of the stars word单元知识练习(含解析)

解析 考查名词。此题属于原词复现。physical touch意为“身体接触”，这从第6空后的physical contact可得到暗示。

2．A.schools B．villages C．homelands D．cultures 答案 D

解析 此题属于原词复现。第一段已提到不同文化(different cultures)中人们对视线接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。此处举例说明，故此空填“文化”一词。 3．A.uncertain B．angry C．unfamiliar D．popular 答案 C

解析 考查形容词。在拉美和亚洲文化中，小孩回避他人的视线是对其尊敬的表现。而对此不了解的老师会误以为这是缺乏尊重。be unfamiliar with sth.意为“对……不熟悉”。

4．A.disrespect B．idea C．danger D．disappointment 答案 A

解析 考查名词。此空前的however说明此句与前一句之间在逻辑上是转折关系。既然前一句说是show respect，此处当然是a sign of disrespect。

5．A.seeing B．staring at C．looking D．glancing at 答案 C

解析 考查动词。look sb.in the eye意为“直视某人”。

6．A.influences B．guarantees C．arranges D．indicates 答案 A

解析 考查动词。在文章首段中说“不同的文化对视线接触、身体接触等有不同的期待”，然后在第二段讲视线接触在不同文化中的不同理解，此段则是讲physical contact在不同文化中的影响，即“文化极大地影响到人们对身体接触的态度”。这也是这一段的主题句。

7．A.never B．often C．seldom D．sometimes 答案 B

解析 考查副词。由于男性之间可以随意地拥抱一下，故可推测女性朋友之间手拉手则是常事。

8．A.pleased B．comfortable C．mad D．uncomfortable 答案 D

解析 考查形容词。此句中的however同样表示转折。而在美国文化中这种公开场合的行为令人感到不舒服。

9．A.child’s B．baby’s C．adult’s D．man’s 答案 C

解析 考查名词所有格。从第10题后可得到暗示。在亚洲摸成人的头是严格禁止的(strictly taboo)，但是成人和小孩之间摸头却是可以接受的(be acceptable)。 10．A.because B．although C．unless D．if

答案 B

解析 考查连词。前后句之间是让步关系，故用although。

11．A.far B．closely C．properly D．close

答案 D

解析 考查副词。从本段的“people stand very close，distance，standing too close”等处可知本段是谈人与人之间站立时相隔的距离。

12．A.talking B．eating C．waiting D．listening

答案 A

解析 考查动词。此空的when talking与前一句的“when they’re having a conversation”意思一样。

13．A.more B．less C．no D．little

答案 A

解析 考查形容词。来自中东和南美的人谈话时站得很近(stand very close)，而来自欧洲的美国人需要的心理距离要更大一些。

14．A.hate B．prefer C．wish D．dream

答案 B

解析 考查动词。此句中的while表示对比。来自非洲的美国人的心理距离相比之下(双方的心理距离)更远。

15．A.change B．expect C．create D．accept

答案 C

解析 考查动词。双方谈话时，站得太近，超过可接受的心理距离，人就会感到极不舒服。create引起，造成。

16．A.afraid B．ashamed C．proud D．aware

答案 D

解析 考查形容词。对谈话时的心理距离要知道，否则会造成麻烦。be aware of意为“意识到，知道”。be ashamed of以……为羞愧。 17．A.suggesting B．considering

C．refusing D．accepting 答案 D

解析 考查动词。此题属于近义复现。此空前的or表示选择关系，说明此空后的内容“the ideas”与前面的understanding意思相近。意识不到人们交流时默认的心理距

离甚至会阻碍他人理解或接受你试图传达的意思。

18．A.pass B．explain C．match D．prepare

答案 C

解析 考查动词。指非语言信息与语言信息要相配(match)，要一致。 19．A.talk B．behave C．use D．look

答案 B

解析 考查动词。这些文化差异可通过观察小孩和家人间的谈话及举止方式(behave)来了解。

20．A.provide B．support C．prove D．search

答案 A

解析 考查动词。这样就可为你真正理解他们的非语言交流提供(provide)线索。 Ⅲ.阅读理解

Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies.Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public，and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.

An attraction of sport programs for the major U．S.media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons—the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing.Sport events are the most popular weekend programs，especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.

Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports.The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers.They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers，cars and life insurance.

Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming.These sports attract few viewers，and the ratings(收视率) are unusually low.However，the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers.It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States，including many lawyers and business managers.This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by

companies selling high-priced cars，business and personal computers，and holiday trips.This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings.Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars” and computers.With such viewers，these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.

1．Television sport programs on weekend afternoons________. A．result in more sport events B．get more viewers to play sports

C．make more people interested in television D．bring more money to the television networks 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。由第二段中“This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead time for programming.”可知，television networks赚了更多的钱。 2．Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs? A．Because there would be few viewers. B．Because the advertisers would be off work. C．Because television programs would go slowly.

D．Because viewers would pay less for watching television. 答案 A

解析 推理判断题。由第二段可知，周末赛事吸引了大批男性观众，他们在工作时间不看太多的电视，因此大都在周末看体育赛事，因此没有体育赛事当然就少很多观众了。 3．In many families，men make decisions on________. A．holiday trips B．sports viewing C．television shopping D．expensive purchases 答案 D

解析 细节理解题。由第三段中“They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers，cars and life insurance.”可知，男性在家庭中做出一些重大的购买决定。 4．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Television ratings are determined by male viewers. B．Rich viewers contribute most to television companies. C．Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.