2016年6月大学英语六级第2套真题及答案解析

consumption.

In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers. Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste harvested from lavatories is delivered to farms and spread as fertilizer.

In most cases, the human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.

In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients.

“Overly strict standards often fail,‖ James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. ―We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason.‖

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

46. What does the author say about the use of raw sewage for farming? A) Its risks cannot be overestimated. B) It should be forbidden altogether.

C) Its benefits outweigh the hazards involved. D) It is polluting millions of acres of cropland. 47. What is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation? A) Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated. B) It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business. C) Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria. D) It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.

48. What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel’s attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?

A) Favorable. B) Skeptical. C) Indifferent. D) Responsible.

49. What does Pay Dreschsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?

A) They have been somewhat exaggerated. B) They can be dealt with through education. C) They will be minimized with new technology. D) They can be addressed by improved sanitation.

50. What do we learn about James Bartram’s position on the use of human waste for farming? A) He echoes Pay Drechsel’s opinion on the issue. B) He challenges Liqa Raschid-Sally’s conclusion

C) He thinks it the only way out of the current food crisis. D) He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty. Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

These days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modern house: what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home.

The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, 5 times the country’s film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a ―major‖ kitchen overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazine, was a staggering $54,000; even a ―minor‖ improvement cost on average $18,000.

.Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson & Cornish, a British manufacturer of custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost ￡145,000–155,000— excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is that nobody else will have it: ―You won’t see this kitchen anywhere else in the world.‖ The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants to that of design showcase for the modern family tells the story of a century of social change. Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally located underground, or to the back of the house, and as far from living space as possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle classes wanted nothing to do with them.

But as the working classes prospered and the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a matter of interest to the educated classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was Catharine Esther Beecher, sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American Woman’s Home, published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to household management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman’s work and promote order. Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back to another American, Christine Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of the housewife. Her 1919 work, Household Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a housewife’s daily routine. She borrowed the principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied it to domestic tasks on the kitchen floor.

Frederick’s central idea, that ―stove, sink and kitchen table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely,‖ inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Margarete Schütter-Lihotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today’s kitchen.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

51. What does the author say about the kitchen of today? A) It is where housewives display their cooking skills. B) It is where the family entertains important guests. C) It has become something odd in a modern house. D) It is regarded as the center of a modern home.

52. Why does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price? A) It is believed to have tremendous artistic value. B) No duplicate is to be found in any other place. C) It is manufactured by a famous British company. D) No other manufacturer can produce anything like it.

53. What does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect? A) Improved living conditions. B) Women’s elevated status. C) Technological progress. D) Social change.

54. What was the Beecher sisters’ idea of a kitchen? A) A place where women could work more efficiently.

B) A place where high technology could be applied. C) A place of interest to the educated people. D) A place to experiment with new ideas. 55. What do we learn about today’s kitchen?

A) It represents the rapid technological advance in people’s daily life. B) Many of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s. C) It has been transformed beyond recognition. D) Many of its functions have changed greatly. Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should

write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

旗袍（qipao）是一种雅致的中国服装，源于中国的满族（Manchu Nationality） 。在清代，旗袍是王室 女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪 20 年代，受西方服饰影响，旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口（cuffs）变窄，袍 身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分展现。 如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时，旗袍往往是她们的首选。 很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

2016 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题（第二套）解析

Part I Writing 【参考范文】

Currently, on-line learning is booming all around the world as an increasing number of people prefer to use the Internet to take courses and acquire knowledge instead of attending school. E-learning provides many options in terms of time, location, subjects and costs. It can be predicted that students’ lives will absolutely and definitely be changed as e-learning becomes more and more popular in the future. Firstly, there is no doubt that online learning offers students more up-to-date knowledge, allowing them to keep up with the latest development in each field. Additionally, students can choose their learning location and time much more freely. Lastly, e-learners do not have to pay the expenses of transportation and accom- modation, so the cost of e-learning will be less than that of attending a traditional school. Consequently, that is the reason why a lot of people give up attending school in favor of e-learning. Although it is beneficial for students to choose online courses, the personal interaction between teachers and stu- dents in schools is irreplaceable. Therefore, we should combine attending school and e-learning together. Part III Reading comprehension (40 minutes) Section A

【文章大意】随着人工智能的发展，机器人在生活中扮演的角色日益重要，但同时也出现了很多问题，对此，政府制定安全措施以减少潜在危害。 【考核技能】综合能力 【答案解析】

26. A) arises。 空格所在句是由 as 引导的状语从句， 从句是： As robots take on ever more complex roles， 主句是：the question naturally _____。主句缺谓语，故本空填动词，时态为现在时，选项中符合条件的动词有 ：arises（升起，产生） ， ascends（登高，攀岩） ，结合句意应该选 A。本句大意为 ： 随着机器人扮演更复杂的角色，问题自然就会产生。 27. D) combination。由 The _____of computational power and engineering advances 可知，此空为名词，选项中的名词有 ： combination（结合） ，manifesting（动名词，表明） ， penalties （惩罚） ，victims（受害人） ，其中 the combination of A and B 意为 ： A 和 B 的结合。根据原文 The combination of computational power and engineering advances（计算能力和工程学进步的联合） ，combination 更符合题意，所以选 D。

28. F) eventually。本空位于 will 和动词原形 enable 之间，故此空为一副词，选项中的副词有： eventually（最终地） ，proximately（近似地） ，结合上下文应该选 F。本句意为 ： 计算能力和工程学进步的联合最终会使残疾人的家庭看护成本降低。

29. O) widespread。空格所在句的成分 _____ use of driverless cars 与其上文的 lower-cost in-home care 和其下文的 countless home and service-industry uses 构成并列关系，且都属于名词短语，故空格在此处修饰名词短语 use of driverless cars，选项中只有 widespread 符合题意，widespread use of driverless cars（无人驾驶汽车的普遍使用） ，所以本题选 O。 30. C) bound。本题考查固定搭配。be bound to do/be sth. 意为 ： 一定会，很可能会。结合原文，But there are bound to be problems（但是一定会产生问题） ，这种表达更符合题意，故选 C。

31. H) invade。空格所在句缺少动词，且在谓语 will 之后，故此空为动词原形，选项为动词原形的有 ：interfere（干涉， 介入） ， invade（侵犯） ， 结合原文， invade someone’s privacy（侵犯某人的隐私）表达正确，所以选 H。