2017年高考英语一轮复习 语法专题 第十一讲 复合句 新人教版

第十一讲 复 合 句

一、名词性从句考点透析

1．that无词义，在从句中不作成分。当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，that不能省。如：

(1)That he will refuse the offer is impossible. 他不可能拒绝这个工作。

(2)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 她的头发变得灰白了，这让她焦心。

2．whether，if都可引导名词性从句，但需注意下列几点： (1)在句首引导主语从句时，只能用whether。

Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去露营看天气而定。 (2)if不能引导表语从句。

What the doctors really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.

医生真正担心的是重病后我妈妈是否可以完全康复。 (3)if不能引导介词后的宾语从句。

Everything depends on whether we can make a plan that they will agree to. 一切都取决于我们能否制定出一个他们认可的计划。 (4)如果宾语从句是否定句时，只能用if。

I asked Jack if he hadn't decided what he would say at the meeting. 我问杰克他是否尚未想好在会上该说些什么。

(5)discuss后的宾语从句只能用whether引导。doubt作“怀疑”解释接宾语从句时，如果主句是肯定的，宾语从句用whether或if引导，如果主句是否定的，宾语从句只能用that引导。如：

We discussed whether the medicine will cause side effect. 我们讨论了这药是否会引起副作用。

I doubt whether/if he is fit for his office.

我们怀疑他是否称职。

I don't doubt that he can do it very well. 我不怀疑他能把这件事做得很好。

3．wh-词既有词义(该词基本的词汇意义)，又在名词性从句中充当成分。因此，在选择wh-词时，既要考虑该词的基本意义，又要考虑它在从句中的作用。如：

(1)－I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ——我驾车去珠海看航展了。

－Is that why you had a few days off? ——你请几天假就为了这个？

(why引导表语从句，在从句中作原因状语)

(2)It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. 人们普遍认为孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的。 (whatever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作wants的宾语)

(3)A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.(what 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语)

电脑只能按你的指令做事。

(4)What caused the accident is still a complete mystery.是什么导致了事故发生还是一个谜。

(what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语)

4．do you think，do you suppose，do you believe等后接疑问词连接的宾语从句时，疑问词应移至句首，从句用陈述句语序。

Since you have seen both fighters，who do you think will win? 既然两个选手你都看到了，你认为谁会赢？

5．I think，I suppose，I believe等后接否定句作宾语从句时，要把否定转移到主句。

I don't think you are right.(不能说：I think you are not right.) 我认为你不对。

强化训练一

Ⅰ.按照句子结构的语法性和句子连贯的要求，在空白处填上适当的词。

1．“I wanted to see for myself________happened”，said Ferry.“I couldn't imagine________it is like to lose your home and everything.”

2．Soon, they became interested in different types of machines and began to learn________ the machines worked.

3.Nobody stood out admitting the fact，for some reason，________they lost the game.

4．He was greeted by the city mouse cheerfully. The country mouse was surprised________big the house was.

5．I couldn't do anything but stand and stare. Then a man approached me and asked________I wanted my belongings back.

6．It is your attitude towards it________matters.

7．As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.

8．Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers. 9．It suddenly occurred to him________he had left his keys in the office. 10．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for________he could find about Mark Twain.

Ⅱ.阅读下列短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入适当的关联词。

It was reported 1.______ there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning. No one saw 2.______ on earth happened then. A car ran into a truck but fortunately, nobody got injured. 3.______ will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation. The police were uncertain about 4.______ the driver was guilty. 5.______ the police should do now is 6.______ they must find out what led to the accident. They said it was difficult for them to judge because 7.______ the accident happened is not clear. Perhaps the reason was 8.______ the driver was too tired to stop the car in time. The driver didn't admit the fact 9.______ he was over-speed driving at the turning. The police doubted 10.______ what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.

答案：

Ⅰ.1.what；what 2.how 3.that 4.how 5.whether/if 6．that 7.whichever 8.how 9.that 10.whatever

Ⅱ.1.that 2.what 3.Who 4.whether 5.What 6.that 7.how 8.that 9.that 10.whether

Ⅲ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)画掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The news has stirred up a heated debate what there will be a new round of College Entrance Examination reform of some provinces in 2017.Those in favor of it think it that the reform can lighten the student's burden to some extent. But, what most worries the opponents is whether it is likely that the frequent reform will result in students' great anxiety，as they doubt that it can really benefit students. Actually, it is not surprising at all because people pay so much attention to the reform，as College Entrance Examination plays a very important part in the future of the young. As a student of Senior 3, I do believe the most effective way is that we students get the hang of the knowledge of every course and which matters is we students should try our best to learn something useful so that we know how to fit in with the society.

答案：