学术英语听力课文翻译unit4

Unit4

The Men’s Movement: What Does It Mean to Be a Man? 男人的运动：做一个男人意味着什么？ As a result of the Women’s Movement, more women are working outside the home, and many men are playing a more active role in family life and are taking on some of the tasks involved in child care and housework. In addition to these changes inside the home, men are today entering occupations that used to be considered women’s jobs. More men are becoming nurses and teachers of young children. Other men are finding that they have more female colleagues and bosses at work than ever before, and they are having to adapt to women’s styles of communication and management, which can differ considerably from those of men. At work, as well as at home, many men today in modern North American society have to play very different roles than their fathers did. They are, as a result, joining with other men in a countermovement called the Men’s Movement to seek to provide one another with the support they need to cope with the roles expected of men in today’s world.

由于妇女运动，越来越多的妇女在家外工作，许多男人正在家庭生活中扮演着一个更积极的角色，并承担了一些涉及儿童保健和家务的任务。除了在家里的这些变化，现在男人们正进入曾经被认为是妇女的工作的职业。更多的男人正在成为孩子的护士和老师。其他男人发现，他们有比以往任何时候更多的女性同事和老板在工作，他们必须适应女性的沟通和管理风格，这可能与男性有很大的不同。在工作中以及在家里，许多男人在现代北美社会中扮演超过他们的父亲所做的非常不同的角色。因此，他们与其他人加入称为男人的运动的反向运动来为其他人提供他们需要应付的在如今世界上期望的角色的支持。

Exactly what forms does the Men’s Movement take, and what do men in the Men’s Movement hope to achieve by being active in the movement? To begin with, the Men’s Movement has no unified, monolithic philosophy. 究竟男人的运动是什么形式，男人的运动中的男人希望通过在运动中积极实现什么？首先，男人的运动没有统一的、整体的哲学。

Although there are a number of unifying themes, there are also some interesting differences among the basic groups associated with the Men’s Movement. Several writers who write about the Men’s Movement have identified four basic groups of men active in the movement.

在男性的运动相关的基本群体中，虽然有一些统一的主题，但也有一些有趣的差异。几位写关于男子运动的作家已经确定了活跃的男人运动中的四个基本群体。

The first group is labeled the male feminists, and these men work for women’s rights and equality between the sexes. Some of the men in this first group are vocal about blaming other men for much of the violence against women and for the inequality that exists between men and women in relationships and the job market. 第一组是被标记为男性女权主义者，这些人为妇女权利和男女平等效力。第一组的一些男人直言不讳，谴责其他男人对妇女的暴力和男性和女性之间在关系和就业市场的不平等。

Not all members of the Men’s Movement, however, consider this first group of men to be an integral part of the Men’s Movement. To be sure, the other three groups focus more on men’s issues than do the so-called male feminists.

然而，并不是所有的男人都认为第一组男人是男人运动的不可分割的一部分。可以肯定的是，其他三组比所谓的男性女权主义者更关注男人的问题。

The second orientation in the Men’s Movement attracts men who join men’s support groups to meet regularly and give and receive psychological support in dealing with problems created by the new roles they have to play at home and at work. These men are attempting to learn to better express their feelings and emotions, and to show sensitivity without being ashamed.

男子运动的第二个方向吸引加入男性支持团体来定期见面的男性，并给予和接受他们在处理家里和在工作中扮演的新角色所产生问题的心理支持。这些人试图学会更好地表达自己的感情和情感，并表现出敏感而不感到羞愧。

A third group in the Men’s Movement consists of men who want to get back the power they feel they have lost because of the advances made by women as a result of the Women’s Movement and feminist causes. They are male activists. Finally, there is an approach to the movement called the mytho-poetic Men’s Movement. The men involved in this aspect of the Men’s Movement believe that men should be initiated into manhood as men were initiated when people still lived in small tribes and bands in more ancient cultures. This group initiates men using mythology, poetry (hence the name mytho-poetic), and other rituals, such as dancing, to explore and affirm the value of masculinity and masculine approaches to problem solving. Men who subscribe to this viewpoint worry that too much contact with women and too little contact with other men has turned men into weaklings or wimps.

男子的运动中三分之一的群体，包括想找回权力的男子，由于妇女运动和女权主义妇女创造的进步，他们觉得他们迷失了。他们是男性积极者。最后，有一种运动的方法叫神话诗学的男性运动。涉及这方面的男性运动的男人认为男人应该初始化为更古老的文化中人们还生活在小部落和团队男人最开始的男子气概。这个团体发起男人用神话、诗歌（故名神话诗学）和其他的形式，如跳舞、探索和确认男性的价值和男性解决问题的方法。同意这个观点的男人们过多担心接触女性过多和他人接触太少已经把男人变成弱者或懦夫。

So, the Men’s Movement is very diverse. A man who wants to join the movement has many options of just how he will explore the question, “What does it mean to be a man in today’s world?”

所以，男人的运动是非常不同的。一个想加入这个运动的人对他将如何探索这个问题“在今天的世界一个男人意味着什么？有很多的选择。

Husbands and Wives: A Caller from Northbridge丈夫和妻子：北桥的呼叫者

J: And now some final calls for Shirley Sloan Fader and “Wait a minute. You can’t have it all,” she says to working women. Hello. 记者：现在一些最后的电话呼叫雪莉，“稍等会，你不能拥有一切，”她对工作的妇女说。你好.

M: Hi, Jerry. 男：嗨，杰瑞。 J: Yes, sir. 是的，先生。

M: Jerry, I’m calling from Northbridge, and Shirley, hi, how are you?杰瑞，我从北桥打来，雪莉，嗨，你好吗？

S: Hi.

M: This is just one of those days where all day I’ve been getting what I need. I turn on the radio after I’m done doing my housework, and I got what I needed in男：这只是那些日子里的一天，我一直在得到我所需要的东西。当我做完家务后，我打开了收音机，我得到了我需要的东西

M: the last ten minutes I’ve listened. I will never, ever subject my wife to what she’s been doing since we’ve been married for the last eight years.

男：我听了最后十分钟。我永远不会，永远不会让我的妻子遭受她在过去我们已经结婚了的八年里一直所做的。

During the last year of our marriage, I was the sole worker. She was home due to, you know, unemployment. Two weeks after she started a job, I was laid off. And I just can’t believe it － she would come home and do this and then “Honey, honey － let me do it. Let me do it.” And now I’m sitting in a little office that I had to create in my basement with － I just can’t believe all the things that she accomplished even when she was just home. It’s completely overwhelming. 在我们婚姻的最后一年，我是唯一的工人。她由于失业待在家。两个星期后，她开始工作，我被解雇了。我只是不能相信－她会来家里这样做，“亲爱的，亲爱的－让我做。让我来做吧。”现在，我坐在一个小办公室，我不得不在我的地下室创建－我不能相信她完成了即使她只是在家的一切事情。这是完全压倒性的。 J:

How old are you? 你多大了？

M: I’m thirty-four. She’s thirty-six. 我三十四岁。她三十六 J: Children? 孩子们？

M: Two teenage girls. 两个十几岁的女孩 J: Right. 对。

M: Lucky us. And it’s a handful. And then, of course, after you’re laid off and everything goes from bad to worse － the washing machine breaks. The dryer’s fine, so I only have to waste an hour going to the laundromat to wash and then come back and dry, and you know it’s just one thing after another. And I tell her about how my day went after she comes home, 我们是幸运的。这是少数。然后，当然，你下岗后，一切都每况愈下－洗衣机坏了。烘干机是好的，所以我不得不浪费一个小时去洗衣店洗，然后回来烘干，你知道这只是一个又一个一件的事情。她回家后我告诉她我的一天是如何过的，，

M: and she says, “Honey, remember when the washer broke before, when you were working?” And it’s a real trip, and I really underestimated － I don’t know if underestimated is the word － I really took for granted all the things that were done around here and她说：“亲爱的，记得当洗衣机坏了后你工作的时候吗？“这是一次真正的旅行，我真的低估了－我不知道是低估这个词吗，我真的认为所有这里做的事情都是理所当然的

J: Are you working yourself now? 你现在在工作吗？

M: No, this is just it. Two weeks after she got a job, I was laid off, and now I’m home, and I don’t know how she got it all done when she was working. She was working and doing the housework and the laundry and doing this and taking the kids here and taking the kids there, and it just never ever ends. 不，只是这样。她得到了一份工作两个星期后，，我被解雇了，现在我在家里，我不知道她是如何做到这一切的。她在工作，做家务和洗衣服，做这些和带着孩子们在这里那里，从来没有结束过。 S: Right. And that’s why they are so stressed. And that’s why so many people have answered Jerry’s questions saying their sex life is nonexistent or we won’t ask you. 正确的。这就是为什么他们如此感到有压力。这就是为什么这么多人回答Jerry的问题，说他们的性生活是不存在的，我们不会问你。 M: Well, it is right now. 嗯，现在是正确的。

S: Because most men have no idea of how much there is to do, and the women up to now have been afraid － they don’t want to rock the boat. They think it’s going to be a hassle, but they haven’t felt entitled, and the more they understand that their job is doing for their man, they will feel more entitled. 因为大多数男人不知道有多少要做，女人到现在一直害怕－他们不想惹事。他们认为这将是一个麻烦，但他们没有感到有资格，他们更明白，他们的工作是为他们的人做，他们会觉得更多的权利。

For example, a man who is laid off, as you are, hasS: the time － when there’s another paycheck

coming in － he has the time to look for an appropriate job. When a man is the sole support and he has to put the bread on the table this week, he has to take any kind of job he could possibly get, and so her paycheck saves him from that － nicer things. When men come home now and tell their wives about their day, the woman is out there in the world, too. She really can understand. They are more teammates. The marriage has more support going when they are both supporting the family and both taking care of it.

例如，一个人和你一样下岗，时间－当有另一个收入来源－他有时间去寻找合适的工作。当一个男人是唯一的支持，他这个星期不得不把面包放在桌子上，他要得到他可能得到的任何种类的工作，因此她的工资拯救他，－美好点的事情。当男人现在回家，告诉他们的妻子他们的一天，这个女人也在外面的世界里。她真的可以理解。他们更多的是队友。当他们都支持家庭，并照顾它，婚姻有了更多的支持，