2017-2018学年湖南省长郡中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题WORD版含答案

tell you how busy they are. What those people are is not busy but tired. Exhausted!

almost

always people whose

busyness

is

Dead on their feet. It5s

purely self-imposed(自己强加的）：work and obligations they’ve takenon voluntarily， classes and activities they5ve ^encouraged” their kids to participate in. They’rebusy because of their own ambition or drive or anxiety, because they’re addicted to busyness and dread that they might have to face in its absence.

Almost everyone I know is busy. They feel anxious andguilty when they aren’t either working or doing something to promote their work. It’s something theyhave

chosen. In their eyes，busyness serves as a kind of existential reassurance(令人安心的保 证）and a measure against emptiness. Obviously their life won’t appear silly or meaningless if they are so busy， the day.

completely

booked

and in demand every hour of

However，idleness is not just a vacation. It is as necessary to the brain as vitamin D is to the body，and deprived of it we suffer a mental affliction as ugly as rickets. The space and quiet that idleness provides is a necessary condition for standing back from

life and seeing it whole，for making unexpected connections and waiting for the wild summer lightning strikes of inspiration.

^Idle dreaming is often the essence of what we do , ” wrote Thomas Pynchon. Archimedes’ “Eureka” in the bath， inspirations that come in idle moments.

Newton’s

apple:

history is full of

4

stories of

28. _______________________________________________ When many Americans say Crazy busy”，they

mean _______________________________________________ .

A. they are really tired of their present situation

B. C.

they are really proud of their present life

they are complaining about their current work D. their life are full of all kinds of problems

29. Which of the following is purely self-imposed busyness?

?pulling back-to-back shifts in the ICU ?commuting by bus to minimum-wage jobs

③ work and obligations they’ve taken on voluntarily

classes and activities they’ve “encouraged” their kids to participate in A?①②

C?①③ D?②④

30. The writer mentions Archimedes’ “Eureka” and Newton’s apple to show

④

B?③④

that _______ .

A. history is full of interesting stories

Archimedes and Newton were very busy，so they made great discoveries C. people may get inspiration when they are idle D. inspirations come from hard work

B.

31. According to the last paragraph, what is the writers attitude towards idleness?

5

A. Approving. B. Opposing. C. Neutral. D. Uninterested.

)

Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many

researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.

Some communities have agreed to share online —geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the

GenBank repository (库）！ and astronomers areaccustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from , say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey , a

telescope that has observed some 500 million objects —but these remain the exception , not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons： it is a

lot of work ； until recently, good databases did not exist ； grant funders were not pushing for sharing； it has been difficutt to agree on standards for formatting data； no agreed way to assign credit for data.

and

there is

But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve”. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to

publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them.

Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice isnotpurely altruistic (利他的）.Researchers who shareget plentyof personal benefits , including more connections with colleagues , improved visibility and increased citations. The mott successful sharers —those whose data are downloaded and cited the mott often —get noticed , and their work gets used. For example , one of the mott popular

data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density

around the world； it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass , to foresters looking for information on different grades of timber. “I’d much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions , ” she says. t*t,s important to allow readers and

reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible. ”

Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves , thus avoiding confusion later on. 32. What do many researchers generally accept?

A. It is imperative(必要的）to protect scientists’ patents. B. Repositories are essential to scientific research. C. Open data sharing is mott important to medical science.

D. Open data sharing is conducive(有利的）to scientific advancement. 33. According to thepassage，whatmighthinder(阻碍）opendata sharing?

A. The fear of massive copying. B. The lack of a research culture.

C. The belief that research data is private intellectual property. D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it. 34. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?

A. The ever-growing demand for big data. B. The advancement of scientific technology. C. The changing attitude of journals and funders. D. The trend of social and economic development.

35. _____________________________________________________ Dryad serves as an example to show

how open data sharing ________________________________________ .

A. is becoming increasingly popular B. benefits sharers and users alike

C. makes researchers successful

D. saves both money and labor 第二节（共5小题;每小题2

分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Here are

Some Ways to Have an Amazing Day

a few tips for making sure you can answer the pop quiz of life

confidently：

? Be kind.

36. _______ How often do you stop to talk to the people you encounter every day?

Do you know the names of the people at the bank, the grocery store, or the restaurant? One great way to get more out of your day is to fill it with people you know. The best way to know more people is to be kind to everyone you meet. Take a moment to learn a little about them.

? 37. ________

I avoided saying “Stay Busy + because sometimes we can fill our day with meaningless activities and feel busy but then at the end of the day we look back and realize we accomplished nothing. A great way to stay productive is to look at the things you would like to accomplish today，this week，this month，etc. and then plan some time towork on each of them.

?

Look for ways to serve.

I truly believe that giving meaningful service to other people is the greatest key to ourpersonal happiness. It maybe just a smile anda “hello”. 38. _________ It maybe just

a phone call to tell them “thank you for being a friend”. When we serve other people， we develop personal joy.

? Find a purpose.

The happiest people have one or more big “life goals”. 39. ________ When we have a big goal that we feel passionate about we become more excited to work on that goal everyday\

40. _______ When you give yourself the pop quiz at the end of the day , you will be ready to say you did everything you could.

A. Keep learning new things. B. Make the mott of every day. C. Stay productive all the time.

D. Try to do more in your everyday life. E. It may be helping them with their work.

D. I t hat been said that you can measure a person by how they treat the people who can do no thing for them.

G. It may be to run a marathon, write a book, start a business, develop a product or

learn a new hobby or profession.

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题;每小题！ 5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Before I turned 29，my parents moved to Queensland，where I arrived for a visit

six months later. I 4! upon my mother with hugs , and for the first time in my life I said，“I love you, mom!” Then I gently 42 , expecting some kind of reciprocation (交换)? But it never came. Instead, she appeared 43 in horror.

When I was back at work , I overheard a workmate on a call to her mother and she concluded it with UI love you，Mum. ” As 44 as that. Why wasn’t it like that in mine? Something had to be done about this 45 situation once and for all.

My 46 came the next Sunday during my weekly phone call to my mother. After

we had shared our usual pleasantries and 47 ，I took a deep breath and asked，“Do you love me，Mum?” After a short 48 ，she replied，“I love you. Don’t be silly. You know we never said things like that in my family. ”

“Well，I want it to be said in ours. From now on I want to 49 our conversations with — love you. ’”

In May 2000 my mother was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. She was 50 to hospital，and I phoned everyday to 5! her. One evening when I rang，a nurse answered the phone and regretfully informed me that my mother,s condition had rapidly worsened. She wasn’t expected to 52 it through the night. Knowing I couldn’t get a flight in time，I asked the nurse to put the phone next to mymother’s ear so I could talk to her. “She’s 53 conscious，” the nurse replied. “It’s unlikely shell hear you. ” But I didn5t care. I wanted to do it 54 . 55 she’d placed the phoneby my mother’s ear，I started

56 and telling Mumover and over again that I loved her. At first, all I could hear was “Hmmmm” 一 but then，like a miracle，with a deep 57 she said，“Love you... love you, darling. ” It was the latt thing she said before drifting into 58 . Although I was overwhelmed by her death，the surprising part was how well I 59 . Of course，losing a parent is extremely painful and I shed many tears，but receiving those lovely latt words made it much more 60 . I had closure in the best possible way.

B\ C\D\4! A. fell 42. A. pushed off 43 . A. deserted

B. turned up B. frozen

pulled away

C\

D. looked on D\

44. A. simple 45. A. stres 46. A. potential 47. A. interests 48. A. preparation 49. A. end 50. A. permitted 5!. A. check on 52. A. take 53. A. entirely 54. A. therefore 55. A. Before 56. A. whispering 57. A. sigh 58. A. calmnes 59. A. prayed 60. A. authentic

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown， good Chinese restaurants.

61 I found some very B. sacred B. crisis B. opportunity B. secrets B. friction B. start B. admitted B. attend to B. face B. absolu+ely B. otherwise B. Once B. yelling B. conversa+ion B. unconsciousnes B. clarified B. arbi+rary C. apparen+ C. emergency C. inspira+ion C. expectations C. hesi+a+ion C. con+inue C. allowed C. call on C. make C. sligh+ly C. anyway C. Unless C. screaming C. +hough+ C. hardness C. coped C. precise D. original D. love D. choice D. upda+es D. iden+ifica+ioD. hold D. sen+enced D. see+o D. cool D. barely D. somehow D. Since D. sobbing D. sleep D. sickness D. concluded D. bearable That was the first time that I 62 (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and

vegetables of Chinese food. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why 63 feature.

Many years ago, China had 64 energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor management of its forests. This 65 (lose) was very

has this special

bad for the country , of course，but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood

became very expensive and hard to get , so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their 66 (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren 5 t any 67 (substitute) so people found ways to economize.

In order to economize in cooking , they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way，the food cooked 68 (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavor —and it’s this flavor from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.

69 70

attracts people