江苏省泰州中学、宜兴中学2018-2019学年高三上学期第一次月度独立练习（3月）英语试题+Word版含答案 - 图文

thus versatile ways than we thought, she says. It's similar to how people may smile silently, while talking, or while laughing each of which conveys a separate emotion. Rats have also gotten the tickle treatment. Jaak Panskepp, a psychologist and neuroscientist at Washington State University in Pullman, has found that tickled rats make happy noises. When scientists tickled the rats, they made the same sounds that they use during play, according to a study published in 2000. The noises are above the range of human hearing.

Some of the lab rats liked being tickled so much and they followed die hand that tickled them. Ongoing research shows that rats communicate with a variety of emotions, including a sound that may be similar to laughter. Since then, Panskepp and his colleagues have shown studying play is serious business for instance, he has found that brain circuits responsible for laughter in rats can be used to study human emotions. He has also identified seven basic emotional systems housed in the same areas of mammal (哺乳动物)brains.

His research has even helped treat depression in people. One antidepressant (抗抑郁剂）in clinical trials, called GLYX-13, has its roots in the study of rat laughter. ” It’s an example of what can be achieved by taking the emotional feelings of animals seriously as targets for psychiatric medicinal development,\ We think of rats and apes as smart, but intdligence isn't a requirement for laughter, Panksepp adds \it’s possible that play in any species can increase social intelligence,M he says. So identifying other animals that laugh, he says, may be a matter of listening to the sounds they make while having fun. Who knows? One day we may discover an actual silly goose.

58. What can we learn from Ross’s latest study? A. Koko makes a special sound if she is frightened. B. Chimpanzees can laugh with and without producing sound. C. Chimpanzees are more intelligent than other primates. D. Young primates are more sensitive to tickles than old ones.

59. Why do Panskepp and his colleagues consider studying rat play important?

A. Because it provides inspiration for the research of human emotions. B. Because it gives a clue to the study of rat sounds. C. Because it helps them learn more about sign language. D. Because it helps them identify human emotional systems. 60. The study of rat laughter helps scientists . A. treat patients who suffer from depression B. get some new ideas on the human brain C. understand animals’ facial expressions D. study the evolution of mammals

61.What can we know from the last paragraph?

A. Apes laugh more than rats. B. Silly geese cannot laugh.

C. Play can lead to laughter. D. Laughing is related to a high IQ.

C

Remittance (汇款）increase living standards in the country of origin. Remittances m a large share of the GDP of many developing countries. A study on remittances to Mexico found that remittances lead to a considerable increase in the availability of public services in Mexico, surpassing government spending in some localities. Research finds that emigration and low migration barriers have net positive effects on human capital formation in the sending countries. This means that there is a\” brain drain to emigration.

One study finds that sending Countries benefit indirectly in the long run from the emigration of skilled workers because those skilled workers are able to innovate more in developed countries,

which the sending countries are able to benefit as a positive externality. Greater emigration of skilled workers consequently leads to greater economic growth and welfare improvements in the long run.

Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive impact on political institutions and democratization in the country of origin. Research also shows that remittances can lower the risk of civil war in the country of origin. Return migration from countries with liberal gender norms has

been associated with the transfer of liberal gender noons to the home country. Research suggests that emigration causes an increase in the wages of those who remain in the country of origin. A 2014 survey of the existing literature on migration finds that a 10 percent emigrant supply shock would increase wages in the sending country by 2 % — 5.5 %. A study of emigration from Poland shows that it led to a slight increase in wages for high-and medium-skilled workers for remaining Poles. A 2013 study finds that emigration from Eastern Europe after the 2004 EU enlargement increased the wages of remaining young workers in the country of origin by 6%, while it had no effect on the wages of old workers. The wages of Lithuanian men increased as a result of post-EU enlargement emigration. Return migration is associated with greater household firm revenues (收入）.

Some research shows that the remittance effect is not strong enough to make the remaining natives in countries with high emigration flows better off.

It has been argued that high-skill emigration causes labor shortages in the country of origin. This remains unsupported in the academic literature though. According to economist Michael Clemens, it has not been shown that restrictions on high-skill emigration reduce shortages in the countries of origin. 62. This passage mainly tells us that .

A.people's living standards in the receiving countries have been greatly improved B.emigration has both advantages and disadvantages to the sending countries C. the reasons behind economic growth in the sending countries D. the effect of migration on the sending countries 63. From the first three paragraphs, we know that .

A. the emigration bf skilled workers brings economic growth to developed countries B. emigration means a kind of ” brain gain\ C. the government in Mexico should spend more on public services D. highly qualified workers are bound to return to their home country 64. The examples in Paragraph 5 show that . A. return migration makes the natives better off B.a wage increase is associated with economic growth

C. enlargement brings welfare to all Europeans

D. emigration leads to a salary increase for remaining natives

65. According to the passage, what can we know about the country of origin? A.The negative effects of high-skill emigration have shown up. B. Remittances have 狂 good effect on maintaining social stability, C. High migration barriers can reduce shortages of skilled workers. D.High-skill emigration may cause economic fall within a short time.

D

This year arrives amid a few interesting trends. More Americans are interested in local and sustainable foods: urban farming, chicken-raising. And more Americans are hunting, spending increasing time and money on that pursuit,

Viewed from the right angle, though, both these trends could have a place at the holiday table. What would happen if more Americans made Thursday's (Thanksgiving Day) meal out of wild turkeys? What if more people enjoyed a wild Christmas goose, or wild pig ham? If more did, the results might be better for the environment, for our health—and perhaps for our souls as well.

Americans’ growing interest in local food is evident everywhere. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the number of farmers markets rose from 1,755 in 1994 to 8,144 this year. Cities from Ann Arbor, Michigan, to Gainesville Florida, have eased restrictions on backyard chickens，Some “locavores” are content to get community-supported agricultural produce delivered, and buy grass-fed beef. But for a growing number, hunting is the next step. The meat is local and avoids the ethical complications of factory farms.

Hunting has definitely enjoyed a resurgence. Census statistics show that the percentage of Americans who hunt —which had been falling for decades-is back up at a 20-year high.

Hank Shaw, author of the new wild bird cookbook Duck, Duck, Goose, and owner of the James Beard Award-winning website Hunter Angler Gardener Cook, calls it The Omnivore's Dilemma effect. After reading Michael Pollan's best-selling book on where food comes frori^ many people join a community-supported agriculture group, but some get a