（5年高考3年模拟A版）浙江省2020年高考英语总复习专题十二词义猜测教师用书（含解析） - 图文

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专题十二 词义猜测

挖命题 【考情探究】

考情分析 考点 考向 考频统计 考查目标 2018.11 2018.6 2017.11 2017.6 2016.10 根据文章的主题内容及阅读理解 相关的上下文,判断一词义猜测 1 0 1 0 0 个生词、词组或句子的含义或一个单词或词组在文章所指代的意义 分析解读 1.词义猜测题考查考生根据上下文的语境推断生词词义的能力,同时也考查考生对语境的正确分析和把握能力。该题型出现的题量不是很大,但是一般都有一定的难度,是具有区分度的题目之一。

2.所猜测内容一般是超纲的比较生僻的单词或词组,有时也会是一个句子。

3.除了指代关系的设题,正确选项一般是该词或词组的近义词或释义。该近义词或释义能够从该词所在的句子上下文中得到足够明确的信息。而错误选项一般也可以通过上下文的语义予以排除。

过专题 【五年高考】 A组 2018年全国高考题组

Passage 1(2018课标全国Ⅰ,C)词数:294

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

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Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia(one, with a question-mark):none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A.They developed very fast. B.They were large in number. C.They had similar patterns. D.They were closely connected.

2.Which of the following best explains“dominant”underlined in paragraph 2? A.Complex. B.Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.

3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present? A.About 6,800. B.About 3,400. C.About 2,400. D.About 1,200. 4.What is the main idea of the text?

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