有机薄膜太阳能电池的初步研究 - 图文

大连理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）

有机薄膜太阳能电池的初步研究

The Preliminary Study on Organic thin film solar cells

学 院（系）： 物理与光电工程学院 专 业： 电子科学与技术 学 生 姓 名： 戚世宇 学 号： 200522038 指 导 教 师： 程传辉 评 阅 教 师： 刘维峰 完 成 日 期： 2011-6-12

大连理工大学

Dalian University of Technology

有机薄膜太阳能电池的初步研究

摘 要

随着全球能源需求量的逐年增加，对可再生能源的有效利用成为亟待解决的问题。现在使用的能源多来自矿物燃料的开采，而这些资源是有限的。占地球总能量99%以上的太阳能，因其具有取之不尽、用之不竭、没有污染等特点，成为各国科学家开发和利用的新能源之一。近年来，由于硅系太阳能电池的高纯硅原料价格昂贵，将低成本的有机半导体材料用于太阳能电池的研究越来越引起学术界的高度重视。

本文简述了有机太阳能电池的发展历史及研究现状，通过与无机太阳能电池的对比，分析了有机太阳能电池的优势与劣势，并对有机太阳能电池的发展前景做了展望。介绍了有机太阳能电池工作的基本原理和基本机构，论述了影响有机太阳能电池的各种参数，并对制作有机太阳能电池的各种材料做了简单的研究。

影响有机太阳能电池电池的因素有很多，包括器件结构、材料、生长技术等方面。在本文的最后，我们将分别研究电极修饰、膜厚、退火条件以及氧化锌层对器件性能的影响，通过研究不同条件下的实验数据，寻求获得更佳的有机太阳能电池的制作工艺。

关键词：有机太阳能电池；电极修饰；活性层；退火；氧化锌

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有机薄膜太阳能电池的初步研究

The Preliminary Study on Organic thin film solar cells

Abstract

As global energy demand to increase , the effective use of renewable energy to become serious problems to solve.Nowday,the energy we using are from the mining of mineral fuels, and these resources are limited.Solar energy account for the total energy of the earth 99% , due to its inexhaustible, no pollution and so on , became one of the new energy which attracts countries scientists focus their attention on its development and utilization.In recent years, due to the high prices of the high purity silicon, the cheaper organic semiconductor materials for the study of solar cells has attracted the attention of the academic circles.

This review introduces the development history and research status of organic solar cells,and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of organic solar cells through the contrast with inorganic solar battery,then offers an perspective on its future.This pape also introduces the the basic principle and basic institution of the organic solar cells，it discusses the influence of various parameters of organic solar cells and makes a simple research on all kinds of material which used to the organic solar cell production.

There are many factors influence the performance of the solar cell,including the structure, material, growth technique etc.Finally , it will have two different temperatures, doping C60 and annealing under various conditions, and then analysis the influence on the performance of devices by annealing conditions and doping C60 through the study of experimental data for a better production process.

Key Words：organic solar cells；electrode modified；active coating；annealing；ZnO

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有机薄膜太阳能电池的初步研究

目 录

摘 要 .................................................................................................................................... II Abstract .................................................................................................................................... III 引 言 .................................................................................................................................... 1 1 绪论 ...................................................................................................................................... 2

1.1 有机太阳能电池的发展历史 ................................................................................... 2 1.2 有机太阳能电池的优势及劣势 ............................................................................... 3

1.2.1 有机太阳能电池的优势 ................................................................................ 3 1.2.2 有机太阳能电池的劣势 ................................................................................ 4 1.3 有机太阳能电池的研究进展及发展前景 ............................................................... 4 2 有机太阳能电池的基础知识 .............................................................................................. 6

2.1 有机太阳能电池的工作原理 ................................................................................... 6

2.1.1 太阳能电池的工作原理 ................................................................................ 6 2.1.2 有机太阳能电池的工作原理 ........................................................................ 6 2.2 太阳能电池的结构 ................................................................................................... 8

2.2.1 单层结构 ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2.2 异质结结构 .................................................................................................... 9 2.2.3 混合异质结结构 .......................................................................................... 10 2.2.4 染料敏化太阳能电池 .................................................................................. 10 2.2.5 新型器件结构 .............................................................................................. 11 2.3 太阳能电池性能表征 ............................................................................................. 12

2.3.1 几个重要参数 .............................................................................................. 12 2.3.2 等效电路 ...................................................................................................... 15 图2.9 a) 理想器件增加RSI-V特性变化情况 b) 减小RShI-V特性变化情况... 16 2.4 有机太阳能电池的材料分类 ................................................................................. 17

2.4.1 小分子材料 .................................................................................................. 17 2.4.2 聚合物材料 .................................................................................................. 18 2.4.3 电极材料 ...................................................................................................... 18

3 有机太阳能电池的初步研究 ............................................................................................ 19

3.1 有机太阳能电池电极修饰的研究 ......................................................................... 20

3.1.1 器件的制备 .................................................................................................. 20 3.1.2 器件的测试与分析 ...................................................................................... 21

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