完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图

虚拟语气

（一） 状语从句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气在if引导的从句（条件） 条件句中的用法三点： 反的虚拟条件句 反的拟条件句 反的虚拟条件句 If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were） 主语+would(should could might)+动词meeting. If+主语+had+动词的过去分词 caught the train. 1、If+主语+动词过去式 3、If+主语+should +动词原形 If I were to go abroad, I would go to America. 错综时间条件句—有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形—主从句时间不一式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 致的情况下的虚拟If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. 语气 含蓄条件句 用倒装语序的情况 If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。 She would have died without my help.。 在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。 例：原句：1: If she were younger, she,would do it. 2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 去if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him 3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 去if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 主语+would（could should might）+动词原型 主语+would（should could might）表示于现在事实相If I had time, I would attend the 原型 主句（目的） 表示与过去事实相If he had hurried, he could have +have+动词的过去分词 表示与将来事实相2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 条件从句中省略if采去if：Were she younger, she would do it.

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1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。 He treats the boy as if he were his own son. 2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时 He spoke as if he had known about it. 3．表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形 虚拟语气在as if/as He acts as if he could win in the game . though引导的方式注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。 状语从句中 例：He looks as if he going to be ill. 2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。 虚拟语气用在lest， for fear that，so that 及in order that引导谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成 的目的状语从句中For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella. 表示“以防，以免”等意思 “In case”引导的从（should）+动词原型 句中即可用陈述句，例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow. 也可以用虚拟语气 2.The game will be put off in case it snows. （二）名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一：宾语从句中的虚拟对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。 语气 I wish (that) I were a bird. 1.在动词wish/hope后对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或would，could，might+的宾语从句中的虚拟语现在完成时。 气,表示一种不可能实现I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. 的愿望。 对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。 I wish (that) I would\\could go.

均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。 We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 2

常用的此类动词有： 表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose, suggest, recommend, advise. 在表示建议，命令，要表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 求，忠告，等动词的后表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 面的宾语从句中的虚拟表示“决定，命令”的：decide, order 语气 注意：suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。 The smile on his face suggested (暗示）that he was satisfied with our work. The man insisted 【坚持认为】that he had never stolen the money. Would rather，had 谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反 rather，后的宾语从句中I would rather you told me the truth. 的虚拟语气 用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。 I would rather you had gone there last Sunday. 注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原型 2.would rather…..than……中用动词原型 I would rather do it by myself. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 “It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that….”结构中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should It’s quite necessary that we should have a walk now. 常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。 注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。 例：I don’t think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的). 在“It is (was)+名词表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 +that…..”结构句中的虚It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.

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拟语气 这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。 二．表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气 表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。 My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it. 某些表示建议，请求，We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. 命令等主观意向的名词在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required…. 做主语时，其后的表语that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型 从句或同位语从句需用It is demanded that we should work out a plan. 虚拟语气 这类名词常见的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。 在It is (about/high) time+that 定语从句中的虚拟语气 表示“该做……..的时候其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型 了” It is high time that you went / should go to school. 注意：在this is the first time/ second time that….句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。 This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.

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