2020届高考二轮复习专题一阅读第2讲推理判断题练习(英语)含答案

【语篇解读】通过比较来自North Dakota地区的30个阿米什和30个哈特尔的儿童，《新英格兰医学杂志》发表了一个新的医学研究结论。

4．D 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The one key difference lies in their farming methods: The Amish reject electricity and industrialization, while the Hutterites embrace it.And because of this, the children are exposed to different microbes(微生物)．”可判断为D项。

5．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“researchers found their blood was full of another type of immune cell, eosinophils, which provoke allergic reactions”并结合题意可知，应选B项。

6．D 推理判断题。在最后一段中的原句为“I keep saying if everyone would just put a cow in their house, no kid would have asthma, but that's not very practical…”根据文章内容引知，农垦的方式影响孩子的免疫力。

C

(黄冈中学2019年高三5月适应性考试D)

Three Feet From Gold

Darby's uncle was caught by the “gold fever” in the gold－rush days, and went west to dig and grow rich.After months of labor, he was rewarded by the discovery of the shining ore(矿石)．He needed machinery to bring the ore to the surface.So, with the “strike”， he returned home.And with the help of Darby, he borrowed a lot of money.After buying the machinery and having it shipped, Uncle and Darby went back to work the mine.

The first car of ore was mined.And the returns proved they had one of the richest mines in Colorado! Down went the drills! Up went the hopes of Uncle and Darby!

Then something happened! The vein(矿脉) of gold ore disappeared! They drilled on, but all in vain.Finally, they decided to quit and sold the machinery to a junk man for a few hundred dollars.The junk man called in a mining engineer to look at the mine and do a little calculating.The engineer's calculations showed that the vein would be found just three feet from where the Darbys had stopped drilling! The junk man took millions of dollars in the vein, because he knew enough to seek expert's advice before giving up.

Most of the money which went into the machinery was borrowed through the efforts of Darby, who was then a very young man.The money came from his relatives because of their faith in him.He paid back every dollar of it, although he was years in doing so.

Long afterward, Mr.Darby made another discovery that desire can be changed into gold.This discovery came after he went into the business of selling life insurance.Remembering that he lost a huge fortune, for he stopped three feet from gold, Darby profited by the experience in his chosen work, saying to himself, “I stopped three feet from gold, but I will never stop because men say ‘no’ when I ask them to buy insurance.”

Darby sold more than a million dollars in life insurance annually.He owes his “stickability”

to the lesson he learned from his “quitability” in the gold mining business.

( )7.Darby's uncle went back home to ________. A．receive his reward B．seek financial support C．look for more helpers D．consult an engineer

( )8.The Darbys failed in mining business because of________. A．quitting drilling on

B．the disappearance of the vein C．the shortage of the machinery D．competing against the junk man

( )9.From the passage, we can know Darby _______. A．was unable to pay off the debts B．mined his gold from the failure C．learned a lesson from selling insurance D．devoted himself to making new discoveries

( )10.The author intends to tell us that ________. A．hopes and difficulties exist side by side B．correct decisions stems from correct judgement C．we should catch it when an opportunity comes D．we won't reach our goal unless we persist

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Darby的叔叔发现了金矿，在Darby和亲戚的帮助下买到了钻探设备，但金矿脉消失，他们只好把设备卖给了一个旧货商。旧货商找到一个采矿工程师去看矿井，发现Darby只差3英尺就钻探到了金矿。后来Darby从事销售人寿保险业务，由于有前车之鉴，他坚持不放弃，终于成功了。

7．B 细节理解题。根据第一段“So, with the ‘strike’， he returned home.And with the help of Darby, he borrowed a lot of money.”可知，Darby的叔叔回到家寻求财政支持。故答案为B。

8．A 推理判断题。根据第三段中“They drilled on, but all in vain.Finally, they decided to quit and sold the machinery to a junk man for a few hundred dollars.”可知，在采矿业务上失败了，因为他们放弃了钻探。故答案为A。

9．B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I stopped three feet from gold, but I will never stop because men say ‘no’ when I ask them to buy insurance.”和最后一段第一句“Darby sold more than a million dollars in life insurance annually.”可知，Darby从失败中挖掘出了他人生的金子。故答案为B。

10．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He owes his ‘stickability’ to the lesson he learned from

his ‘quit－ability’ in the gold mining business.”可知，作者想告诉我们，除非我们坚持下去，否则我们无法实现我们的目标。故答案为D。

D

(安徽省皖南八校2019年高三第三次联考4月试题)

Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be able to turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts.

Tethers Unlimited Inc., an aerospace technology company, has developed a system that combines a waste recycling machine with a 3D printer.

Astronauts will put waste items made of plastic into the recycling machine, called the Poistrusion Recycler.When they press a button, the Recycler will melt down the plastic and turn it into 3D filament (长丝)．

The filament will be used in a 3D printer on the ISS－called the Refabricator — to make tools, spare parts and satellite components.

The waste will come from packaging materials, food containers, trays and eating utensils (器具) used on the ISS.Astronaut currently use disposable wet wipes to clean their food containers and utensils.The used wipes are stored as trash (垃圾), and replacement wipes must be sent up to the ISS on cargo missions.

By recycling old food containers and utensils, astronauts will reduce the amount of trash they produce.To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space.The capsules burn up when they enter Earth's atmosphere.

Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies.It costs about $ 6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit.These benefits will be even more important for longer missions in the future－such as the two－year journey to Mars.Astronauts will be able to recycle old waste materials into new tools and parts as they need them.

Tethers have successfully tested the systems in its laboratory.They will test it on the ISS in late 2018.The company is also developing a version of the system for use here on Earth.

( )11.What material are the forks and knives for astronauts made of? A．Gold. C．Plastic.

B．Iron. D．Wood.

( )12.At present, the astronauts mainly get supplies by________. A．3D printers

B．reusing the old ones C．collecting from the space

D．the capsules launched from the earth

( )13.What can the new technology help the astronauts do? A．Reuse the trash. B．Send the trash to Mars. C．Take the trash to the earth.

D．Load the trash into empty capsules and throw it away.

( )14.What is the biggest benefit of the new technology mentioned in the text? A．It can save some space for the ISS. B．It can give more time for the astronauts. C．It can provide more conditions to explore space. D．It can help to reduce the journey from Earth to Mars.

【语篇解读】本文介绍的是航天科技公司Tethers UnlimitedInc.，开发了一种将废物回收机和3D打印机结合起来的系统。这种新技术可把塑料废物回收为新的工具和部件，这不仅减少了宇航员们在空间站的垃圾量，节省了资金，还为探索空间提供更多的条件。

11．C 推理判断题。根据文章前四段可知，在国际空间站的宇航员把他们用过的刀叉回收变成工具和卫星部件，这种技术就是利用一种叫3D打印机和废物回收机相结合的系统，把塑料废弃品放入机中，回收后制成所用的刀叉等新的工具和部件。由此可知这些东西就是用塑料废物制成的。分析选项可知C项正确。

12．D 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space.”可知，空间站的货物航天舱(capsules)用于地球交流物质的。故只有D项正确。

13．D 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space.The capsules burn up when they enter Earth's atmosphere.”可知，这段技术可帮助宇航员把垃圾倒进航天舱并扔掉。故选D项。

14．C 推理判断题。根据文章第六段可知这种新技术可把塑料废物回收并利用，减少了宇航员们在空间站的垃圾量。第七段可知，同时也有助于NASA节省资金，因为宇航员将需要更少的补给，让他们可进行更长久更远的宇宙旅行等。由这两处可知它可以为探索空间提供更多的条件。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C项。