高三英语一轮知识点

----I?m afraid Mr. Wood can?t see you until 4 o?clock. ----Oh, _____ I won?t wait.(2005全国高考浙江卷)

A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way

分析：从语境中可理解题意为“要是那样的话，我就不等了”。 答案：C

②I always take something to read when I go to the doctor?s ______ I have to wait.(2005全国高考卷二) A. in case B. so that C. in order D. as if

分析:由句意可知“当我去医务室时总要带上点东西,以防等待” .in case “以防”, so that “为了”。 答案:A 2.

use …as …把某物当作…使用 be used to do 被用于… used to do 过去常常 be/ get used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于… eg.

⑴Wood can be used to make desks and chairs. 木头可以被用来制作桌椅。 ⑵In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming. 古代，人民常用石头作为捕食动物的工具。

⑶He used to play a funny role in TV plays.他过去常在电视剧中扮演滑稽的角色。 ⑷He has got used to spending his holidays in the countryside.他已习惯于在乡下渡假了。 ⑸We used to work in the same workshop. 我们过去在同一个车间工作。

be used to doing sth. 可用quite来修饰。如果强调由不同习惯到习惯这一过程的动作，常用get或become代替。如： ⑴He has become used to staying up late. 他已习惯于熬夜了。

⑵The food in England is strange at first but you?ll soon get used to it. 英国食物乍一吃很不习惯，但不久就能适应了。 ⑶After three months she had got used to the extreme heat. 三个月以后她就适应酷热的环境了。

3.remind vt. 提醒，使想起 常用于下列句型： remind sb. of sth. remind （sb.）that… remind sb. to do sth. eg.

⑴He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起了他的哥哥。 ⑵I reminded him to answer that letter.我提醒他要回信。

⑶I reminded him that he must go home before dark.我提醒他必须要在天黑前回家。 ⑷Remind me to take my medicine tomorrow.提醒我明天带着药。 ⑸The song reminds me of France.这首歌使我想起了法国。 ⑹Travellers are reminded that malaria tablets are advisable. 旅客须知要服用预防疟疾药。

﹡reminder n. 使某人回想起某事或某人的事物；提示 ⑴The statue is a lasting reminder of Churchill?s greatness.

这尊塑像使人永远缅怀丘吉尔的伟大功绩。

⑵The waiters were cleaning the tables , which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.服务员在收拾桌子，提醒顾客该走了。

高考题例:

In our childhood, we were often _______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.（2005全国高考江苏卷） A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped

分析:从4个选项看,均为过去分词形式。那么,只需对句意理解和对4个过去分词的动词原形词义辨析便可选对。从题干所提供的语境看,可以排除C项,再从动词搭配来考虑,A项和D项都只能用不定式来直接作宾语,只有remind可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 答案: B 4.

add …to … 在…中加上 add to… 增加，加强 add up 加起来 add up to… 总共，总共有 eg.

⑴If you add five to five, you get ten. 五加五得十。 ⑵Don?t add fuel to the flame. 不要火上加油。 ⑶I added sugar to tea. 我往茶里加了糖。

⑷Every time I added up these figures I got a different answer. 每次加起这些数字，我得到的答案都不一样。

⑸Your carelessness added to our difficulty. 你的粗心增加了我们的困难。

⑹His whole schooling added up to no more than one year.他受到的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。 ⑺Travel adds to our understanding of the world.旅游增加了我们对世界的了解。

5.late adj. ＆ adv. 迟的，晚的

later 是late的比较级， adv. 后来（常用于词组later on）

latest 是late的最高级，“最新的，最近的”（可用于词组at the latest“最迟”） lately 最近（=recently） latter 后者 eg.

⑴She is always dressed in the latest fashion. 她总是穿最新款的时装。 ⑵ We have been doing lots of gardening lately. 近来我们做了很多园艺工作。 ⑶ His latest novel is a great success. 他最近出版的小说十分成功。 ⑷At first things went well, but later on we ran into trouble. 起初事情进展的很顺利，但后来我们遇到了困难。

⑸One can travel by ship or plane. Most people choose the latter. 乘船或乘飞机去均可，人们多取后者。

⑹Passengers should check in one hour before their flight time at the latest. 乘客至迟应在班机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。 ⑺I sat up late last night. 昨夜我一直呆到很晚。

6.under attack 遭受攻击

under 表示“在…（状态）中，在…（情况）下” eg.

⑴The city was under attack for 100 days. 这座城市被围困了一百天。

⑵The patrol came under attack from all sides.巡逻队遭到来自四面八方的攻击。

⑶The road is under repair and is closed to motor traffic.这条公路正在维修，禁止机动车辆通行。 ⑷The problem is under discussion. 这个问题正在讨论中。 ⑸The building is under construction.大楼正在建设中。 ⑹The subject is under study.这个课题正在研究着。 7.

give in （vi.） 投降，屈服，让步 give in to… （vt.） 向…让步，迁就 give up ( sth./ doing sth.) （vt.＆ vi.） 放弃，不再做（某事） give off： send out or emit sth. 送出或发出某物

give sth./ sb. away 赠送，有意或无意泄露某事物或出卖某人 give out 用完，消耗尽 eg.

⑴She gave away state secrets to the enemy.她将国家机密泄露给敌人了。 ⑵He gave away most of his money to charity.他把大部分钱捐给了慈善事业。 ⑶After a month their food supplies gave out.过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。 ⑷The teacher gave out the examination papers.老师分发了考试卷。 ⑸One of the plane?s engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. 飞机在大西洋中部飞行时，其中一个发动机出了故障。

⑹The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the kidnapper?s demands. 当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象。 ⑺The rebels were forced to give in.叛乱者被迫投降。 ⑻The cooker is giving off a funny smell.锅里冒出股怪味。

⑼The fire doesn?t seem to be giving off much heat.这炉火好像不太热。 ⑽Believe in yourself and never give in.相信你自己，别屈服。 ⑾The soldier didn?t give in to the enemy.这个士兵没有向敌人屈服。

高考题例:

①Don?t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ______ the shocking ending.（2002北京高考） A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off

分析:give away此处为“泄露(秘密等)”,give out/off发出,give up放弃。 答案:A

②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world had _____?（2005全国高考山东卷） A. given out B. put out C. held out D. used up

分析:give out指“分发,放出,用光”, put out指“生产,出版,扑灭,提供”, hold out“举起,阻挡,使停顿”, use up“耗尽,耗费”。根据句意这里表示“耗尽,用光”,容易仅根据句意而误选D.但如果用 use up,需要用被动语态; give out表示“耗尽,用光”时是不及物的,不用被动语态. 答案:A

8.include：vt. “包括，列在里面”

including： “包括”用在名词之前，表主动意义

included： “被包括”用在名词或代词之后，表被动意义

比较：contain着重指作为组成部分而被包含在内，可指具体的或抽象的事物。

include 用法较广，它的宾语是所包含的部分内容，指整体中的一部分，通常用来附加或补充说明 eg.

⑴The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum. 这次参观包括去科学馆。

⑵All of us, including me/ me included, have read this book.所有的人，包括我在内，都看过这本书。 ⑶Your duties will include putting the children to bed.哄小孩入睡也将是你工作的一部分。 ⑷The band played many songs, including some of my favourites. （= The band played many songs, some of my favourites included.） 这支乐队演奏了许多歌曲，其中有我最喜欢的。

⑸The box contains only a few warm-weather clothes. 这个箱子里只有几件热天穿的衣服。 ⑸We all went , myself included.（=We all went, including me.） 我们都去了，其中包括我。 ⑹I think you?ll find the plan includes most of your suggestion. 我想你会发现这个计划包括了你的大部分建议。 9.

in pieces 成碎片，破碎，落空 in ruins 成为废墟，落空

in 表示某人（某事物）的状态或状况，常用于以下词组中： in order 整齐 in a mess 凌乱 in good repair 保养良好 in a hurry 匆忙地 in poverty 在贫困中 in poor healthy 健康欠佳 in anger（=angrily ） 愤怒地 eg.

⑴I found the glass lying in pieces on the ground.他发现玻璃杯成了碎片散落在地上。 ⑵An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 地震使整个城市沦为废墟。 ⑶His career is in ruins. 他已前途尽毁。 ⑷He is in poor health.他的健康欠佳。 ⑸He left in a hurry. 他匆匆地离开了。

in 可表示“穿（戴）”（：wearing） eg.

He is dressed in white.他身着白色服装。

in 表示手段、材料等 eg.

⑴The article was written in ink.这篇文章是用钢笔写的。 ⑵Please speak in a loud voice.请大声说出来。

in 表示比率 eg.

One in ten said they preferred their old brand of margarine. 有十分之一的人说比较喜欢老牌子的人造黄油。

in 表示“在某方面，至于” eg.

⑴It is a country rich in minerals.它是一个矿藏丰富的国家。 ⑵He is behind others in reading, but a long way ahead in arithmetic. 他在阅读方面比别人落后，但在算术方面遥遥领先。 ⑶It is three feet in length.它的长度是三英尺。