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OR：Although getting married is easy，staying married is a
different matter．
7．Michelle tried each of the appetizers on the table．She
then found that，when the dinner arrived，her appetite had gone．
8．She didn’t know what to say to his announcement，nor was she at a complete loss for words，either.
OR：She was neither ready with a response nor at a complete loss for words．
3. 误置修饰语（Misplaced Modifiers）
在写作中，为了使句子生动和更具有吸引力，常常需要添加修饰语。 按照英语构句规则，充当定语或状语的词、短语或从句必须尽可能地靠近 所修饰的成分。如果忽视了这个规则，在修饰语和其所修饰的中心词之间
不恰当地夹进了其他成分，就可能造成句子意思混淆，产生歧义。请看下面句子：
Misplaced Modifiers
He sold the old car to the man with leather seats．
Please give the book to the boy with the blue cover．
That cat belongs to my neighbor with five kittens．
Revised Sentences
He sold the old car with leather seats to the man．
Please give the book with the blue cover to the boy．
That cat with five kittens belongs to my neighbor．
如果一个修饰语既可以修饰其前面的词也可修饰其后面的词， 这样的修饰语称为歧义修饰语(squinting modifier)。歧义修饰 语会使读者对其修饰目的感到困惑不解。所以，应该把易产 生歧义的修饰语放在它所惟一修饰的词的前面。例如：
The equipment without the accessories sold the best．(Differ- ent types of equipment were available，some with and some without the accessories．)
The equipment sold the best without the accessories．(One type of equipment was available，and the accessories were optional．)
Squinting Modifiers
We agreed on the next day to make the adjustments· Students who practice writing often will benefit．
Revised Sentences
We agreed to make the adjustments on the next day·
(We agreed that on the next day we would make the adjustments)- Or
On the next day，we agreed to make the adjustments．
(On the next day，we agreed that we would make the adjust- ments．)
Students who often practice writing will benefit． Students who practice writing will often benefit．
所以，在写作中我们要特别注意副词的位置，要把它们放在 使读者对句子的意义更清楚的地方。请分析下面这个句子：
He only suggested three rules for us to follow．
除非我们在这里确实是指“He only suggested them；he didn’t
insist on them．”，否则only这个词就应放在它所修饰的词前面：
He suggested only three rules for US to follow．
要注意句子会随着only位置的改变而改变其意义。
Directions：Identify the misplaced word or words in each sentence． Then rewrite the sentences and make the meaning clear．
1．Our team didn’t even score once．
2 . She is teaching a seminar this term on market economy at the
Osaka International University.
3．The city almost spent twenty million dollars on the new stadium
4．Tony bought an old car from a crooked dealer with a faulty transmission．
5．The suburbs nearly had five inches of rain．
6．We could see the football stadium driving across the bridge．
7．I almost had a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume
8．There were strong calls for an immediate ceasefire in the UN Security Council
9. The exchange students we met for coffee occasionally questioned us about our latest slang.
10. I put the chair in the middle of the room that I had recently purchased.
Revised sentences
1．Our team didn’t score even once.
2．This term she is teaching a seminar on market economy at the Osaka International University．
3．The city spent almost twenty million dollars on the new stadium．
4．Tony bought an old car with a faulty transmission from a crooked dealer．
5．The suburbs had nearly five inches of rain.
6．Driving across the bridge，we could see the football stadium.
7．I had almost a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume.
8．There were strong calls in the UN Security Council for an immediate ceasefire．
9．The exchange students we occasionally met for coffee questioned us about our latest slang．
OR：The exchange students we met for coffee questioned us
occasionally about our latest slang.
1O．I put the chair that I had recently purchased in the middle of the room．
4．悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)
悬垂修饰语是与句子的主语不能构成逻辑关系的修饰语。悬垂修饰语 可以出现在句中的任意位置，但大多位于句首。请看下面例句：
Dangling Modifiers
By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting hundreds of new girls，my conversation，manners，and poise became more polished．
To write the proposal，research must be done．
两句中斜体的修饰语与句子的主语不存在逻辑关系。在第一句 中，当作者想当然地认为“I”是句子的主语，并打算对自己做个 描述。但是由于用了“my conversation…”做句子的主语就破坏了 句子中的逻辑关系而引起荒谬可笑的解释：It was her conversation that visited the sorority houses．动词的非限定性短语作状语时，其 逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致，否则就会形成悬垂性修饰语。 如果把句子的主语改成“I”，就可改成一个令人满意的句子了。同 样，在第二句中，动词不定式在逻辑上不能修饰句子的主语，the research．
Revised Sentences
By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting hundreds of new girls，I polished my conversation，manners， and poise．
To write the proposal, the professor must first do some re- search．
2．悬垂动名词(Dangling Gerund)
Dangling Modifiers
By installing a birdbath．the birds were given a source of water．
After finishing the research，the paper was easy to write．
Revised Sentences
By installing a birdbath，we gave the birds a source of water．
After finishing the research，I found that the paper was easy to write．
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