1945m3高炉本体设计

本科生毕业设计(论文) 题 目: 英 文 题 目: 1945m高炉本体设计 3 1945m design of blast Furnace proper 成人教育学院 冶金工程 冶金2012级 何小勇 112802629 周贵友 职称: 讲师 职称: 3 学 院:

专 业: 班 级: 学 生: 学 号: 指导教师: 指导教师: 摘 要

高炉炼铁是获得生铁的主要手段，是钢铁冶金过程中最重要的环节之一，在国民经济建设中起着举足轻重的作用。高炉是炼铁的主要设备，本着优质、高产、低耗和对环境污染小的方针，设计建造一座1945m3的高炉。高炉本体自上而下分为炉喉、炉身、炉腰、炉腹 、炉缸五部分。高炉的横断面为圆形的炼铁竖炉，用钢板作炉壳，高炉的壳内砌耐火砖内衬。其中包括绪论、工艺计算（包括配料计算、物料平衡和热平衡)、高炉炉型设计、高炉各部位炉衬的选择、炉体冷却设备的选择设计等。在设计高炉炉体时，根据技术经济指标对高炉炉体尺寸进行计算确定炉型。对耐火砖进行合理的配置，对高炉冷却设备进行合理的选择等。

关键词：高炉；高炉本体；炉衬；燃料

Abstract

Blast is the main means of obtaining pig iron, is one of the most important step in the process of iron and steel metallurgy, plays an important role in national economic construction. Blast furnace iron-making equipment is, in line with good quality, high yield, low energy consumption and less environmental pollution policy, designed and built a blast furnace 1945m3. Blast furnace body from top to bottom into the throat, body, belly, Bosh and hearth five parts. Shaft furnace in circular cross section of blast furnace iron-making, steel shell, shell of brick masonry in blast furnace lining. Includes introduction, technical calculation (including burden calculation, material balance and thermal balance), blast furnace profile design, every part of the blast furnace lining of choice, furnace selection design of cooling equipment. Design of blast furnace body, according to the technical and economic indicators to calculate and determine the type of the blast furnace body size. Reasonable configuration for a brick and a reasonable selection of blast furnace cooling equipment.

Key words: blast; BF body; lining fuels

目 录

引 言 .............................................................................................................................. 1 第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................................... 2

1.1概述 .................................................................................................................... 2 1.2高炉生产主要经济技术指标 .......................................................................... 2 1.3高炉冶炼现状及其发展 ................................................................................... 3 1.4本设计采用的新技术 ....................................................................................... 3 第二章 高炉本体设计 ................................................................................................... 4

2.1高炉数目及总容积的确定 ............................................................................... 4 2.2炉型设计 ............................................................................................................ 4 2.3参数 .................................................................................................................... 7 2.4高炉炉衬耐火材料 ........................................................................................... 7

2.4.1高炉耐火材料性能评价方法的进步 ................................................... 7 2.4.2 高炉炉衬用耐火材料质量水平分析 .................................................. 8 2.4.3炉腹、炉身和炉腰用砖 ...................................................................... 10 2.5高炉炉衬设计 ................................................................................................. 10

2.5.1炉衬破坏机理 ....................................................................................... 10 2.5.2高温渣铁的渗透和侵蚀 ...................................................................... 10 2.5.3高温和热震破损 ................................................................................... 11 2.5.4炉料和煤气流的摩擦冲刷及煤气碳素沉积的破坏作用 ................ 11 2.5.5碱金属及其他有害元素的破坏作用 ................................................. 11 2.5.6炉底和炉缸的炉衬的设计 .................................................................. 12 2.5.7炉腹和炉腰的炉衬设计 ...................................................................... 12 2.5.8炉身和炉喉炉衬设计 .......................................................................... 13 2.6高炉冷却设计 ................................................................................................. 13

2.6.1高炉冷却设备的作用及冷却介质 ..................................................... 13 2.6.2高炉冷却设备设计 .............................................................................. 14