2013全国卷二英语试题及答案详解

符合文意。因此正确答案为D。 32. 答案：D. happy

【解析】考查上下文理解。下文中提到了帮助穷人会让每个人都更开心幸福，所以横线处的意思是说，他们（不认识他的人们）没有意识到，他只是想让他们开心。所以happy符合文意。因此正确答案为D。 33. 答案：B. family

【解析】考查上下文理解。下文中提到了他的父亲，所以可以判断横线处说的是家庭family，run in the family是习惯表达，意为“为一家人所共有，世代相传”。因此正确答案为B。 34. 答案：C. same

【解析】考查上下文理解。这句话说明了Michael Greenberg做好事的原因，根据上文中的It runs in the family.和他父亲相信帮助穷人能让每个人都更幸福，可以理解他也有同样的感受，same符合文意。因此正确答案为C。 35. 答案：A. small

【解析】考查上下文理解。下文用but表示转折，并且提到了make a big difference“有很大的影响”，说明横线处应该是与big形成对比的，small符合文意，表示一双手套虽小，但却能在冬天派上很大的用场。因此正确答案为A。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A

Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn?t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理)，or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.

I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were

flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot, He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架）down, unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now!” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and I?ve used it in the operating room ever since.

CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn't overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I'm in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they?re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from \

36. What does the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwilling to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM.

37. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when _______. A. he saved the plane by speaking up B. he was in charge of a flying task C. his boss landed the plane too late D. his boss operated on a patient

38. In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means A. following flying requirements B. overreacting to different opinions C. listening to what fellow doctors say D. making a mistake that may cost lives

39. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying Safe B. Flying Makes Me a Better Doctor

C. The Making of a Good Pilot D. A Pilot-Turned Doctor 36. 答案：B

【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者对普通医生（doctors in general）的看法。从文中第一段的第一、二句“Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don't listen because they already know it all.\可知，作者认为医生一般都不愿意听取意见，所以答案选B。 37. 答案：A

【解析】信息推断题。题目问的是作者在什么时候加深了对CRM的作用的认识。文中第二段句首提到“I first read about CRM in 1980.”这是作者首次接触CRM，此后不久，在一次飞行事故中，作者的老板在操作飞机降落时忘记把起落架放下来，这时作者向老板提出“我们现在需要把起落架放下来”，从而拯救了机组成员。这个事件让作者对CRM有了更深刻的认识，所以答案选A。B项错误，因为作者并不是这次飞行任务的负责人；C项“他的老板使飞机降落时已太迟了”；D项“他的老板在给一个病人做手术”，均不符合题意。 38. 答案：D

【解析】语义推断题。“landing gear”在文中给出了中文释义，意为“起落架”，“landing gear up”意为“把起落架收起来”，结合该词组在文中出现的语境，可以知道在飞机降落时把起落架收起来是有生命危险的，所以keep me from landing gear up即让我避免犯此类会带来生命危险的错误。 39. 答案：B

【解析】主旨大意题。文中第一段提到，“but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon”，在第二段中作者讲述了其在一起飞行事件中的经历和从中得到的教训：即不论职位高低，在必要的时候需要勇于发言，作者将这一经验应用到手术室中，在手术室中咨询他人的意见并鼓励他人发表意见，从而使他成为一个更好的医生，所以B项正确。本文的重点并不是在讨论使飞行变得安全的CRM，所以A项错误；也不是在讲“如何才能造就一个好的飞行员”，所以C项错误；D项意为“一个此前做过飞行员的医生”，本文的主旨并不是关于作者本人，而是在说医生要听取别人的意见，从而成为一个更好的医生。 B

In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.

It quickly attracted famous names such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras (交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly. At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.

Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And yet as early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.

A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold. 40. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning? A. To bring Europe together again. B. To honor heroes of World WarⅡ. C. To introduce young theatre groups. D. To attract great artists from Europe.

41. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947? A. They owned a public house there. B. They came to take up a challenge. C. They thought they were also famous.