(完整版)中央空调节能设计方案_毕业设计

摘 要

随着近年来经济的迅速增长，中国的能源形势日益严峻，能源的供给已经成为了经济增长的瓶颈，各行各业越来越认识到节能的重大意义。节约能源，建设节能型社会已经成为我国经济社会发展的必然选择。当前我国建筑能耗约占社会总能耗的30%，其中中央空调能耗占整个建筑物运行能耗的60%左右。中央空调系统节能控制在节能领域具有非常重要的地位。

本文基于变频器设计并实现了一套能有效实现中央空调节能的控制系统。本文简述了模块式中央空调控制系统的工作原理， 详细介绍了该节能控制系统的原理图、电路图、和该模块式空调控制系统的硬件系统配置，并简述了其软件系统的设计。该控制系统是在对现有中央空调工作原理及现有的各种中央空调节能控制系统进行详细研究和分析基础上，设计并实现的， 其性能可靠， 节电效果显著。

本文还为某一图书馆设计了此中央空调控制系统，并讨论了中央空调节能原理：环境温度通过温控器反馈给变频器，从而通过变频器频率变化来调节风机、水泵电动机转速，随电动机转速变化使风机、水泵的风量、流量随之变化，从而来达到节能的目的。 关键词：中央空调；节能系统；变频器；PLC

Abstract

Along with the rapid economic growth in recent years, China's energy situation becomes increasingly serious, energy supply has become the bottleneck of the economic growth, various industries increasingly recognized the significance of energy conservation. To save energy, building energy-saving society has become China's economic and social development of the inevitable choice. The current our country building energy consumption accounts for about 30% of the total energy consumption society, including central air conditioning of the total energy consumption of building the operating energy consumption around 60%. The central air conditioning system in energy saving energy control is a very important position.

Based on the inverter is designed and realized a set of effective energy saving realize central air conditioning control system. This paper briefly describes the module type central air conditioning control system was introduced, the principle of energy control system principle diagram, diagram, and this module type air-conditioner system configuration of the control system, and introduces the hardware design of the software system. This control system is on existing central air conditioning working principle and all kinds of existing central air conditioning energy-saving control system based on detailed research and analysis, design and implementation, its reliable performance and power saving effect is

remarkable.

This paper also for a library design the central air conditioning control system, and discusses the central air-conditioning energy saving principles: environmental temperature through the thermostat, and feedback to the inverter frequency changes to adjust by the frequency, the rotation fans and pumps with motor speed changes that the fans and pumps air, flow change, thus to achieve the purpose of saving energy. Keywords: Central air-conditioner；Energy-saving system；Transducer；

PLC

目录

摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论 .......................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1课题背景 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2问题的提出 ....................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1普通系统简介 ....................................................................................................... 3 1.2.2普通系统的运行及存在问题 ............................................................................... 3

2 中央空调系统节能可行性分析 .......................................................................................... 4

2.1中央空调原理图及各结构的作用 ................................................................................... 5

2.1.1 制冷主机： .......................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 冷冻水泵： .......................................................................................................... 6 2.1.3 冷却水泵： .......................................................................................................... 6 2.1.4 冷却塔： .............................................................................................................. 6 2.1.5 风机盘管： .......................................................................................................... 7 2.2变频节能方式的分析 ....................................................................................................... 7 2.3中央空调系统节能研究现状 ........................................................................................... 8 2．4 本课题的主要研究内容 ............................................................................................ 11 2.5 节能的可行性分析 ........................................................................................................ 11

3 中央空调系统主控制器 ...................................................................................................... 12

3.1 PLC的发展 ..................................................................................................................... 13 3.2 PLC的特点 ..................................................................................................................... 14

(1) 编程方法简单易学，指令丰富 ............................................................................ 14 (2) 功能强，性能价格比高 ........................................................................................ 14 (3) 硬件配套齐全，用户使用方便，适应性强 ........................................................ 15 (4) 无触点面配线，可靠性高，抗干扰能力强 ........................................................ 15 (5)系统的设计、安装、调试工作量少 ...................................................................... 15 (6)维修工作量小，维修方便 ...................................................................................... 15 (7)体积小，功耗低 ...................................................................................................... 16 3.3 PLC的应用领域 ............................................................................................................. 16

(1) 开关量逻辑控制 .................................................................................................... 16 (2) 运动控制 ................................................................................................................ 16 (3) 闭环过程控制 ........................................................................................................ 16