新风尚大学实用英语第四册课后练习答案for Unit 1

oneself. avenue: n.

a. a choice or way of making progress towards something 途径，手段 e.g.

They explored all kinds of avenues but could not find a solution他们寻求各种途径,但仍找不到解决办法。

According to a recent survey in Guangzhou，relying on bank loans is the main avenue of buying houses. 据最近在广州的一项调查，依靠银行贷款是购房的主要途径。 b. a broad roadway lined with trees 大道，林荫道 e.g.

My mother sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue. 她坐在窗口，凝视着夜幕渐渐笼罩在林荫道上。

8. While most guys are amiable at work, very few find their closest friends there,…. (Para. 8) amiable: a. pleasant; friendly and easy to like 和蔼可亲的；亲切友好的 e.g.

All the students in this class like their English teacher, an amiable young lady, very much. 这个班所有的学生都很非常喜欢他们的英语老师，一位亲切友好的年轻女士。

The professor?s amiable and witty style of conversation has bridged the gap between master and students. 教授随和风趣的谈吐拉近了大师与学生间的距离。

The young movie star said that he wanted to choose a pretty and amiable girl as his wife. 这位年轻的影星说他想选择一位美丽随和的女孩做妻子。

9．Once the relationship is forged, many men will communicate their emotions to close friends. (Para. 11)

1) once: conj. from the time when something happens 一旦 e.g.

Once a man becomes a father, he begins to learn how to take responsibility. 一旦一个男人成为父亲，他开始学习如何承担责任。

Once a child is spoiled by his parents, he will ask for more next time. 一旦孩子被家长溺爱，他下次就会要更多的东西。

Once we are at the top of the mountain, we will forget troubles and enjoy the nature. 一旦我们登上山顶，我们将忘记烦恼，享受自然。 2) forge: v.

a. to develop (a strong relationship) 建立（稳固的关系） e.g.

After living and studying together for a summer holiday, pupils from two different cities forge bonds of deep friendship. 在暑假一起生活和学习后，来自两个不同城市的小学生们建立了深厚的友谊。

Countries in Europe forge an alliance to overcome the global economic crisis. 在欧洲的国家结盟来克服全球经济危机。

b. to illegal copy something to make people think that it is real 伪造；假冒 e.g.

It is shameful that some people forge diplomas in order to find a job. 一些人为了找工作而伪造文凭，这样做很无耻。

The manager is accused of forging official documents. 这位经理被指控伪造了官方文件。

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No unit and individual shall forge, alter, let out, lend or assign the business license. 任何单位和个人不得伪造、涂改、出租、出借、转让营业执照

11. If a friendship is to prosper, any weakness shown by one man…. (Para. 12)

prosper: v. to become strong and flourishing; to develop in a successful way; to be successful, esp. financially 健康成长；繁荣，兴旺，成功

They have been living on easy street since his business began to prosper. 自从他的生意开始兴旺, 他们一直过着优裕的生活。

You're a lucky man because you work for a company whose business is bound to expand and prosper. 你真是一个幸运儿，因为你工作的公司一定会发达昌盛。 12. Reciprocity is key at the beginning of a friendship. (Para. 12)

Paraphrase: A situation in which two people, provide the same help or advantages to each other is very important at the beginning of a friendship. 互换性在友谊的初始阶段是非常重要的。

1) reciprocity: n. a situation in which two people, countries, etc. provide the same help or advantages to each other 互惠；互助；互换 e.g.

Mutual Benefit and reciprocity is a prerequisite to the conclusion of an agreement. 互利互惠，是达成协议的前提。

People in these two countries can benefit from reciprocity in trade. 这两个国家的人民都已从贸易互惠中受益。

2）key: a. very important or necessary 至关重要的，必不可少的 e.g.

It is known that love is key factor of successful marriages. 众所周知，爱是成功婚姻的重要因素。

Being careful is key to being an outstanding doctor. 成为一位杰出医生的关键是要细心。 You must make all the key decisions on choosing jobs. 在择业的问题上，所有重要的决定必须是你自己作出。

13. Most people have had the experience of seeing promising friendships evaporate into thin air because no one bothered to commit to spending time together. (Para. 13)

promising：a. showing signs of being successful or good in the future 大有希望的，很有前途的 e.g.

He is the most promising students in the grade. 他是这个年级最有前途的学生。

As a young promising actor, Mr. Zhou is working hard and respects every person in his life. 作为一名年轻的富有前途的演员，周先生努力工作，尊重生活中每一个人。

People in this community support promising experiments in education. 这个社区的人支持在教育方面大有希望的尝试。

14. If new friends can schedule a standing commitment — to lunch, to tennis, to a monthly

kayak trip — all the better. (Para. 13)

1) standing: a. continuing in existence or use indefinitely长期的，持续的 e.g.

This is a standing invitation, thus protect it carefully, please. 这是一个长期有效的邀请，因此请小心保存。

Don?t worry. We can visit this standing exhibition next month. 不用担心。我们可以下个月参

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观这个长期的展览。

2) all the better: so much the better 那就更好了 e.g.

If you can fulfill the task two days ahead of time, all the better. 如果你能提前两天完成, 那就更好了。

If we can visit America together during the holiday, all the better. 如果我们能在假期一起去美国旅游，那就更好了。

Passage B MSN Messenger — Anatomy of Modern Friendship

Background Knowledge

1. MSN(Microsoft Service Network微软网络服务)

MSN is a collection of Internet sites and services provided by Microsoft. The Microsoft Network debuted as an online service and Internet service provider on August 24, 1995, to coincide with the release of the Windows 95 operating system.

The range of services offered by MSN has changed since its initial release in 1995. MSN was once a simple online service for Windows 95, an early experiment at interactive multimedia content on the Internet, and one of the most popular dial-up Internet service providers.

Microsoft used the MSN brand name to promote numerous popular web-based services in the late 1990s, most notably Hotmail and Messenger, before reorganizing many of them in 2005 under another brand name, Windows Live. MSN's Internet portal, MSN.com, still offers a wealth of content and is currently the 9th most visited domain name on the Internet. 2. Msn Messager

MSN launched an instant messaging service in 1999 to compete with AOL Instant Messenger, which was originally known as 'MSN Messenger Service' and was later shortened to simply 'MSN Messenger.' Currently, the underlying technology is known as '.NET Messenger Service,' while Windows Live Messenger is the name of the main program used to access the service. Regardless, the term 'MSN' has come to be synonymous with the service in Internet slang.

2. Related websites or webpages

www.msn.com

Detailed Discussion of the Text

1. Anatomy of Modern Friendship (Title)

anatomy：n. an examination of what something is like, the way it works or why it happens 剖析；解析 e.g.

The task of your group is to study the anatomy of the snake. 你们组的任务是研究解剖蛇。 The anatomy of modern community is a complicated but important project. 剖析现代社区是一个复杂而重要的工程。

2. Friends have overtaken money, career and even family as the most important thing …(Para. 1) overtake: v.

e.g.

a. to become greater in number, amount or importance than something else 超过

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It?s very dangerous that the drunk driver overtook many cars yesterday. 这真是太危险了，昨天这个喝醉的司机超过了很多部车。

We must make progress, otherwise they will catch up and overtake us in no time. 我们必须要进步，否则他们将很快赶上并超过我们。

b. (of something unpleasant) to reach suddenly and unexpectedly（不愉快的事情）突然降临 Nobody knows what misfortunes may overtake him, therefore we should cherish every day. 没人知道自己会遭受怎样的不幸, 因此我们应珍惜每一天。 3 The research also reveals that… (Para. 2)

reveal: vt. to make known something that was previous secret or unknown 揭示, 显示, 透露 e.g.

She didn?t want to reveal her real feelings when she met with her former boyfriend. 遇到前男友的时候，她不想要表露她的真实情感。

As a civil servant, I will never reveal official secrets. 作为一位公务员，我永远不会泄露官方机密。

Tom decided to reveal the newcomer?s identity in public. 汤姆决定当众揭示这位新来者的身份。

4. The ?Anatomy of Modern Friendship? study was undertaken by MSN Messenger (Para. 3) undertake: vt. to make yourself responsible for something and start doing it 承担；从事；负责 e.g.

The most dangerous task is undertaken by volunteers. 最困难的任务是由志愿者承担的。 The young man is hardworking, responsible and diligent in any project he undertakes. 这位年轻人所从事的每一个项目都很努力、负责、勤勉。

The nurse undertook the care of the poor old man and his grandson. 这位护士负责照顾这位贫穷的老人和他的孙子。

5. MSN Messenger has established itself as an indispensable friendship tool with over seven million people… signing up for the free service every day as hectic Brits latch on to instant online conversations as the way to keep friendships alive. (Para. 4) as: a. prep. in the condition of 作为 e.g.

As a teacher, I am responsible for my students and teach them how to be independent. 作为老师，我对我的学生负责, 并且教他们如何独立。

Her talent as a singer is soon recognized. 她作为歌者的天赋很快得到了赏识。 b. conj. when，while 随着，当…时 e.g.

As populations increase, the demand for electricity grows accordingly. 随着人口的增长，用电量也相应增加。

I believe everything will be better as time goes on. 我相信随着时间的推移，一切都会变得更好。

c. because 因为 e.g.

As I don?t have enough money, I will not buy the house this year. 因为我没有足够的钱，我今年不能买这个房子

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