新风尚大学实用英语第四册课后练习答案for Unit 1

Unit 1 Sincere Friendship

Passage A The Secrets of Male Friendships

Background Knowledge

1. Clinton

Bill Clinton was born on August 19, 1946 and became the 42nd President of the United States in 1993 and left the White House in 2001. He was the third-youngest president when he won the presidency at 46.

Clinton has been involved in public speaking and humanitarian work. He created the William J. Clinton Foundation to promote and address international causes such as treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS and global warming.

In 2004, he released his autobiography My Life, and was involved in his wife Hillary's 2008 presidential campaign and subsequently in that of President Barack Obama. In 2009, he was named United Nations Special Envoy to Haiti. In the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Clinton teamed with George W. Bush to form the Clinton Bush Haiti Fund. 2. Gore

Albert Arnold Gore was the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He is currently an author, businessperson, and environmental activist. 3. Bush

George W. Bush is the 43rd President of the United States. He was sworn into office on January 20, 2001, re-elected on November 2, 2004, and sworn in for a second term on January 20, 2005. Before his Presidency, he served for 6 years as Governor of the State of Texas. 4. Tom Cruise

He is an American film actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and won three Golden Globe Awards. His first leading role was the 1983 film Risky Business, which has been described as \After playing the role of a heroic naval pilot in the popular and financially successful 1986 film Top Gun, Cruise continued in this vein, playing a secret agent in a series of Mission: Impossible action films in the 1990s and 2000s. Almost every film he has starred in has achieved blockbuster status, with box office revenues totaling $100-million or more in the U.S. In 2006, Forbes magazine ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity. 5. Hollywood

Hollywood started as a small town in the California desert, and became the entertainment capital of the world. In the early 20th century, film industry pioneers drawn to the area's mild climate, sunshine, varied terrain and large labor market set up studios in Hollywood and began producing movies. Throughout the Great Depression and World War II, Hollywood movies provided Americans with entertainment, distraction and information. When television emerged as the next great media format, Hollywood soon also became the center of television show production. Today, the term \has become synonymous with the entertainment industry, and the once-independent town--now a part of Los Angeles - is a major tourist destination

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6. situation comedy

A situation comedy is a genre of comedy that features recurring characters in a common environment such as a home or workplace and may be recorded before a studio audience. Some also feature a laugh track.

A situation comedy has a storyline and ongoing characters in, essentially, a comedic drama. The situation is usually that of a family, workplace, or a group of friends. 7. A Winning Friendship

The New York Yankees is a team?s name of professional baseball in US.

A Winning Friendship，a story about the close friendship of Yankee greats Derek Jeter, Mariano Rivera, Jorge Posada and Bernie Williams, was featured in the October 2005 issue of Reader's Digest. It was written by Molly O'Neill, food writer and sister of former Yankee Paul O'Neill, now a Yankees broadcaster. On November 4, 2009 the Yankees won their 27th World Series title. It was the fifth championship for Jeter, Posada, Rivera and pitcher Andy Pettitte. Collectively, they are known as the \Pettitte to Houston, the \ 8. Related websites or webpages

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yankees

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/georgewbush/ http://www.tomcruise.com/

http://www.history.com/topics/hollywood

Teaching Design

1. The Structure of the Text Parts Part One Part Two Paragraphs Paras 1-4 Paras 5-13 Main Idea of Each Part The growing phenomenon of “Man date” The reasons of the real existance of male friendships 2. The writing style of the passage This is a beautiful and well-arranged essay that tells us the secrets of male friendships. From a new point of view, the author discussed the growing phenomenon of “Man Date” . Then it is easier for readers to understand the reasons of the real existance of male friendships with the help of many vivid examples.

Moreover, metaphor is employed in the essays suitably. For example, “Trust has an age-old recipe…”means “Trust comes from…? The author changes tedious theory into plain words.

Readers can not only obtain information about male friendships, but also come to know the secrets of true friendships.

3. Suggestions to Teaching Activities

Warming-up activity:

Step 1: Every students are required to prepare for two minutes on the question: Who is my best friend in this class?

Step 2: Four volunteers are chosen to take part in the game one by one. At the very beginning,

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the volunteer tells the English teacher the name of his/her best friend secretly.

Step 3: Every volunteer can introduce his or her best friend in English to the class at most in one minute without telling classmates his/her friend?s number or name. Step 4: Classmates try to guess who the volunteer?s best friend is.

Step 5: Who can find the correct answer most quickly is the winner and the volunteer who makes other find the correct answer most quickly is the winner, too.

The purpose of this game is to arouse students? interest on the related topic of the text and enhance their friendship.

Detailed Discussion of the Text

1. For much of the 20th century, most people believed that men were too out of touch with their feelings to make friends.(Para. 1)

be out of touch with: to not have the latest knowledge about a subject, situation, or the way of people feel 不了解（某事） e.g.

Many young people are out of touch with Beijing Opera. 很多年轻人不了解京剧。

The old man has few friends because he is out of touch with modern society. 这位老人的朋友很少，因为他不了解现代社会。

Parents shouldn?t be out of touch with the youngsters and their ways. 家长不应该对年轻人和他们的习惯完全不了解。

2. There was a predominant feminine understanding of friendship. (Para. 1) feminine a.

a. characteristic or appropriate or unique to a woman 女性化的 e.g.

My daughter loves pretty feminine things, such as skirts with pink roses. 我女儿喜欢非常女性化的东西，比如装饰了粉红玫瑰的裙子。 b. relating to being female 女性的，妇女的 e.g.

The emergence of Feminine Economy furthers the development of feminine tourist market. “女性经济”的出现促进了女性旅游业的进一步发展。

This film describes the relationship between mothers and children from a feminine point of view. 这部电影从女性的角度来描述母亲和孩子的关系。 c.f. masculine a. 男性特有的，阳性的

3. If two men didn?t talk on the phone every day and pour out their hearts… (Para. 2)

pour out one’s heart to sb.: to tell someone all feelings, including most secrets ones 向某人诉说心里话 e.g.

Mary and I are close friends and trust each other, so I often pour out my heart to her. 玛丽和我是亲密的朋友，而且互相信任，因此我经常对她诉说心里话。

Parents suggest that we shouldn?t pour out our hearts to strangers. 父母亲建议我们不要向陌生人诉说心里话。

When you are sad, you?d better pour out your heart to your reliable friends. 当你悲伤的时候，最好向你靠得住的朋友诉说心里话。

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4. In April 2005, The New York Times used the phrase “man date” to describe the growing phenomenon of straight men having dinner, …. (Para. 3)

straight man：a heterosexual male, in other words, a man is attracted by people of the opposite sex 异性恋而不是同性恋的男性

5. Male friendships can take root in “those transitional periods in our lives… (Para. 5) 1) take root in: e.g.

a. to begin to grow in somewhere 生根于

These plants will not root in such arid soil. 这些植物不会在这样干燥的土壤里扎根生长的 b. to begin to be accepted and believed 扎根，深入人心

I hope your words of wisdom will take root in their minds. 我只希望你的真知灼见会在他们的心中扎下根来。

The prejudices of parents usually take root in their children. 父母的偏见通常深植于子女的头脑中。

2) transitional: a. relating to a period during which sth. is changing from one state or form into another 过渡的 e.g.

Environmental problem is one of the important social problems in this transitional period. 环境问题是这个过渡时期重要的社会问题之一

To some degree, the Commission is only a transitional organization. 在某种程度上，委员会只是是一种过渡性的组织。

6. They had met once, because their wives had worked together, and they got separated within a year of each other, both keeping partial custody of their kids. (Para. 6) 1) partial : a.

a. not complete 部分的 e.g.

The car driver took partial responsibility for the accident. 这位汽车司机承担事故的部分责任。

Carrying out law strictly is a partial solution to environmental pollution. 严格执法部分地解决了环境污染的问题。

b. unfairly supporting on person or one group against another 偏袒的，不公平的 e.g.

As we know, a judge should not be partial. 众所周知，一个法官不应该有所偏袒。

2) custody：n. the right to take care of a child, given to one of their parents when they have divorced 对孩子的监护权 e.g.

Mothers tend to be awarded juridical custody of children in many countries. 在很多国家，妈妈往往能获得孩子法律上的监护权。

The separation agreement also includes terms related to spousal support, child support, child custody and equalization of family net worth property. 分居协议中还规定了有关如何处理配偶抚养费，子女抚养费，子女抚养权，平分家庭财产等内容。

7. Friendship is one of the major avenues of self-exploration. (Para. 7)

Paraphrase: Friendship is one of the major ways of making progress towards indentifying

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