2019版高考英语二轮复习练酷版练习：专题四 习题讲评 课五

选考点——冠词、代词及其他

技法一 根据特指或泛指选择冠词 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.

解析：the 此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示“在过去的25年里”。 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.

解析：the 此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as model in New York. 解析：a 句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特每天挣6 500英镑。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指“一个”，故填a。

4．(2018·湖北七市联考) great Chinese poet Li Bai from the Tang Dynasty once compared Yang Yuhuan’s beautiful face to blooming peonies (牡丹)．

解析：The 句中Li Bai作poet的同位语，而介词短语“from the Tang Dynasty”是后置定语，所以空格处应填定冠词The表示特指。

5．(2018·福州期末) center of the city Beijing was the royal palace — the Forbidden City.

解析：The 句意：北京城的中心是皇宫——紫禁城。根据该句中的“of the city Beijing”可知，该处特指“北京城的中心”，故用定冠词The。

6．(2018·福州四校联考)On topic of classical music, I always love the clapping and the cheering which come at the end of a concert.

解析：the 此处表示特指，故用定冠词the。

7．(2018·太原阶段测评)Society even glorifies “burning the candle at both ends” as sign of our devotion to work and family.

解析：a 此处指作为我们对工作和家庭的奉献的一种标志，表示泛指，故用a。

8．(2018·陕西质量检测一)There is saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education and Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.

解析：a 该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。

技法二 根据固定搭配选择冠词 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ改编)In tonight’s Easter special they come to aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.

解析：the 固定短语come to the aid of “给……帮助”。

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at

top of her lungs.

解析：the at the top of one’s lungs是固定短语，意为“用尽量大的声音”，因此填定冠词the。

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.

解析：a 句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”，故填a。

4．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

解析：a for a while“一会儿”，为固定短语。

5．(2018·太原二模)Then he opened one of his bags and gave me handful of freshly picked cherries, explaining that he had just taken them from his orchard.

解析：a 固定搭配a handful of意为“一把……”，故用不定冠词a。

6．People develop a preference for a particular style of learning at early age and the preference affects learning.

解析：an at an early age“在幼年时”，形容词early的读音以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an来修饰。

7．You are working so hard.You’d better keep balance between work and relaxation.

解析：a keep a balance为固定搭配，意为“保持平衡”，故此处应填a。 8．As you know, science plays very important role in our education.

解析：a play an important role in ...为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色(发挥重要作用)”，因为空格后有读音以辅音音素开头的very，故填冠词a。

技法三 根据所指对象确定代词 1.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.

解析：it use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处应用it指代前面提到的the railway。

2．(2016·浙江高考改编)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.

解析：that 句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系与英国的并没有很大的不同。分析句子结构可知，这里指代前面的不可数名词the education system，为避免重复，所以用that。

3．(2015·广东高考)Now it occurred to that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

解析：him It occurred to sb. that ...意为“某人突然想到……”，根据语境可知此处指突然发生在他身上的事情。

4．(2018·湖南长郡中学检测)However, quite a few others, especially in the

countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”．

解析：those 根据语境可知，空格处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故用代词those。

5．(2018·湖北八校第一次联考)Chekhov said, “Before drinking from his cup, he held with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders, saying ‘qing (please)’．”

解析：it 此处表示：在喝酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。根据该句中的“Before drinking from his cup, he held with his hands”可知，空格处指代该句中的“cup”，故用it。

技法四 根据所作成分确定代词的转换 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive.

解析：them 人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。them在此作find的宾语，指代上文的the gorillas。

2．(2017·6月浙江高考)“She thought I had hurt (I)，” says Pahlsson.

解析：myself 句意：Pahlsson说：“她以为我伤到了自己。”宾语从句中的主语为I，空格处为宾语，替代主语时，应用反身代词。故填myself。

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by (it) mother.

解析：its 句意：最近的一次参观中，“我”抱着一对可爱的、三个月大的双胞胎中的一个，它被它的妈妈遗弃了。根据句意可知此处应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语。

4．(2018·四川成都九校联考)At that time, I thought he was a strange man who got on (I) nerves.

解析：my 此处表示这个男人会让我心烦。由句意以及句子结构可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词，故填my。get on one’s nerves“烦扰，使心神不定”。

5．(2019·南昌一模)The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls (it) “the oldest water town in China”．

解析：itself 句意：江苏周庄自称“中国最古老的水乡”。根据语境可知，应用反身代词itself。 6．At the end of the Qing Dynasty, after closed China came under the influence from abroad, many old hutongs lost (they) former neat arrangement.

解析：their 根据空格后的名词短语“former neat arrangement” 可知，空格处修饰该名词短语，故用形容词性物主代词。

7．(2018·惠州第二次调研)The unnamed woman admitted to regularly playing the game for seven or eight hours without moving and finally lost (she) right eyesight.

解析：her 根据空格后的“right eyesight”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填her。

8．(2018·昆明调研)In the tour packages, tourists can imagine (they) to be ancient merchants by riding camels in deserts.

解析：themselves 本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，所以要用反身代词。

技法五 代词固定搭配、固定句式要记全 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ) If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give a try.

解析：it/running 此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，故填名词running，也可用it指代。give it/sth. a try是固定短语，意为“尝试某事物”。

2．(2018·福州期末)And the hutong today is fading into the shade for tourists and local people.

解析：both both ...and ...为固定搭配，意为“两者都……”。

3．(2018·洛阳市第一次统考)The tour guide told us there were almost 8,700 rooms in the Palace Museum.During the Ming Dynasty, construction began in 1406. took 14 years to build the Forbidden City.

解析：It “It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“花费(某人)多长时间做某事”，故此处应用It作形式主语。

4．(2018·广州调研)Microbes can’t survive on (they) own. They need food. 解析：their on one’s own为固定用法，意为“单独地，独自地”。

5．(2018·重庆第一次调研)There are mainly 3 stone areas. One big area seems to be deep and dark red. two areas seem almost yellow and green.

解析：Another 根据上文中的“3 stone areas”和“One big area”可知，这里用Another。Another two areas表示“另外两个地区”。

技法六 熟记基数词和序数词的相互转换 1.(2018·福州期末)However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one (three) of the total area, providing housing for half population, so many hutongs survived.

解析：third 该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房子占整个地区的三分之一”，表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，故填third。

2．(2018·日照联考)Many of these workers are young, and some are even in their (twenty)．

解析：twenties in one’s twenties为固定用法，意为“在某人二十多岁的时候”。

3．I don’t think the British opera you told me about this morning is worth seeing a (two) time.

解析：second 句意：我认为今天早上你跟我谈到的那部英国歌剧不值得再看一次。“a＋序数词”表示“再一，又一”。

4．According to one study, two (five) of the boys of middle school in urban India are getting some after-school tutoring.