(部编本人教版)最新七年级英语下册 情态动词拔高课讲义 (新版)人教新目标版【经典练习】

情态动词拔高课（讲义） 一、情态动词基本特征 I can play the drums very well.

She must spend an hour reading English every day. That boy may be Linda’s brother. 情态动词属于 ，不能单独构成谓语，后面要接动

词，并且只能接

。没有人称，时态和数的变化。用来

表达说话人的情绪，态度或语气。 练习： (

)—What can she do? —She can

_ guitar.

A. play

B. play the C. plays the D. playing

(

)The girl in red may my old friend, Jane. A. am B. is

C. be

D. are

(

) Mary at home tonight because she

a lot of clothes to wash.

A. may; has B. may be; have C. must; has D. may be ; has

二、句式转换 I can swim so I want to join the swimming club. I can’t go to the cinema with you tomorrow. Can you play the guitar?

含有情态动词的句子，变否定句时直接在 后加

not；变为一般疑问句时，把 提到句首。练

习： He can stay for dinner tonight.（变为一般疑问句）

I may go to the countryside next month.（变为否定句） My friend can join the music club.（就划线部分提问） We must arrive in Henan tomorrow.（就划线部分提问）

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三、情态动词总结 can

1. 能够，会

My sister can speak English quite well. But I can’t speak English at all.

can 可以用来描述某人具有某种

。

2. 可以

You can go home now.

You can take this book away if you like it. can 可以用来表示一种_

。

3. 可以……吗？

Can you pass me s piece of paper? Can I stay at my friend’s home tonight?

can 可以用来表示 ，并且通常对于关系亲近的人。肯定回答用 Yes, sb can. 否定回答用 No, sb can’t. could

1. 能够，会

I could ride the bicycle when I was seven. He could swim when he was a little child. 用来描述某人具有某种能力，用于 。

—The little girl speak French very well.

—I speak a few French when I was young, but I forget all

now.

2. ……可以吗

Could you help me move the heavy box? Could I have a look at your family photos?

could 可以用来表示 ，口气比 can 委婉。回答时， 与 can 相同 肯定回答用 Yes, sb can. 否定回答用 No, sb can’t. (

)—Could I borrow your ruler, please? —Yes, you

_. But you must return it before lunchtime. A. have to

B. can

C. must

D. could

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need

Tina needs to get some sleep.

I don’t need to go home yet—it’s still early. He needed to finish the work yesterday.

need 作实义动词，有人称，时态的变化。接动词时，用动词不 定式。

—Need I come here before eight tomorrow morning? —No, you needn’t.

need 也可作情态动词，常用于否定句和疑问句中， needn’t 翻译为“没必要”。练习：

判断下列句子中的 need 属于实义动词还是情态动词Andy needs to have a rest.

Need I pay him a visit? You needn’t get here so early.

must v. 必须

Tom, you must listen to your teacher at school. We must stop when the traffic light is red. I must keep the habit of going to bed early.

must 常用来表达一种 或者一种 。 have to “不得不，必须”

—Do you want to play basketball with us after school? —I’d love to, but I have to finish my homework first. I had to leave at that time.（变为否定句）

She has to look after her little brother today.（变为一般疑问句）

must & have to

区别 1：must 多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“ ”，而 have to 除了表示必须，也可表示环境所限，客观要求( 无奈) 而为之，多译为“ ”。 You must be here on time tomorrow.

I must get up early to catch the first train.

I can’t go out with you because I have to do my homework now.

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I have to leave school because my family is very poor. 区别 2： 没有人称，时态的变化； 有

人称，时态的变化。

区别 3：否定形式的含义不同

must 的否定形式 mustn’t 表示“禁令”，译为“禁止……，绝对不能……”； have to 的否定形式 don’t have to 译为“没必要”。Children mustn’t swim in the river.

You don’t have to take a taxi. It is still early. 联系：

—Must I hand in the homework now?

—Yes, you must/have to.

—No, you don’t have to/needn’t.

must 提问的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 must 或者 have to；肯定回答用 don’t have to 或者 needn’t. (

)—Must I be in hospital for a week, Doctor? —No, you . You can go back home

tomorrow.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t

D. must

may

1. “可能，也许”表达一种可能性

I may visit my grandparents on Sunday, but I am not sure yet. —I can’t find my watch.

—It may be in your schoolbag.

2. “可以”

You may take this away if you like it. You may have your lunch now. 3. “……可以吗？……好吗？” May I use your telephone? May I come in?

may 表示委婉请求时，常与第一人称连用。语气比 can，could 委婉。

肯定回答用 Yes, sb may. 否定回答用No, you can’t 或者No, you mustn’t.

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