2019上海金山区高三二模英语及答案

will mae computing and communications worldwide. The recent slowing of smartphone sales is bad news for the industry, obviously.But for the rest of humanity it is a welcome sign that a transformative technology has become almost universal.

III. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions For each blan in the following passage there are four words or phrases mared A, B, C and D..Fill in each blan with the word or phrase that best fits the contet.

Now, U.?. researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis (肺结核)before they get sic.

Tuberculosis is one of the world's most (41)________ health threats. The World Health Organiation says tuberculosis ills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are (42)________ they are infected, but don't have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest ris can tae medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone (43)________ with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniaid (异烟肼，抗结核药) for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people tae all of their medication, many people do not tae all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is (44)________. As a(n) (45)________, Sterling and his colleagues(46) ________ ??оn?а?d with another drug, rifapentine (利福喷汀). The combination was taen weely, not daily, for just three months. And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan ---the three months of isoniaid and rifapentine --- was as effective as the nine-month isoniaid treatment plan. (47)________, the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well (48)________.

There was some other difference. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly (49)________therapy. That means the patients too their medicine in the presence of a health care worer,to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and Brail. Sterling (50)________ that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative.The results might be (51)________ for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy wors well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be (52)________

Timothy Sterling's research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been (53)________ by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weely combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270-dose daily treatment plan that has been the (54)________ therapy. But because of possible (55)________ issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV-positive patients who are taing antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lac. of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.

41. A. public B. persistent C. predictable D. mild 42. A. out of control B. beyond epectation C. without hope D. under threat 43. A. put up B. follow through C. get along D. come up 44. A. decreased B. maimied C. measured D. enhanced 45. A. supplement B. substitute C. promotion D. alternative

46. A. mied B. replaced C. associated D. connected 47. A. As a result B. In addition C. In fact D. For instance 48. A. imposed B. tolerated C. cultivated D. infected 49. A. isolated B. implemented C. observed D. required 50. A. argues B. suggests C. commands D. warns 51. A. inevitable B. negative C. distinct D. indirect 52. A. definite B. desired C. logical D. detailed 53. A. conducted B. proved C. demonstrated D. approved 54. A. similar B. unique C. standard D. peculiar 55. A. personal B. crucial C. age D. safety

Section B

Directions Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices mared A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

If a person who lived 200 years ago was treated for a seiure (癫痫) today, they would be surprised by the treatment's freshness. That's because doctors in the 1800s were influenced more by original medical beliefs than science.

Rather than thining the brain caused seiures, people in the 1800s still thought they were the result of strange forces. They associated seiures with the wor of evil spirits. Others felt that the seiures had a cosmic or lunar cause. They believed that the cycles of the moon and stars could mae someone have a seiure.

During a process to treat a patient who has seiures, doctors would force the patient to pray for the grace of the God. They thought if the patient did this, then the patient would rid themselves of the evil spirits causing the seiures.

The arrival of modern psychiatry (精神病学) ocurred during the 1800s. At that time people who suffered from seiures were placed in psychiatric hospitals. They were treated lie they were mad. However,none of the out- of-date treatments wored.

It wasn’t until the late 1850s that the causes of seiures were understood. We now today that these causes. are related to the brain. Misfired signals from the brain cause a jering refer (反射) in the body.These usually occur when someone is very tired.

Once the causes of seiures were nown, definitive treatments were developed. Today, treatments range from taing pills to having surgery. Treatment is personalied according to the type of seiure the patient has.

Even today, some people are unsure about seiures. Their most common mistae is thining that a person having a seiure will swallow their tongue. They often push some implement roughly in the person's mouth. However, this doesn’t help. The implement often blocs the airway and prevents the person from breathing. Yet most of the public no longer fear people who have seiures. Instead, they can now help and comfort a person if they have a seiure.

56. Why would someone from the past be surprised by today's treatments for seiures? A. Because they believed in scientific treatment for seiures.

B. Because they believed seiures were caused by strange forces in nature. C. Because they believed there would be no cure for seiures. D. Because they believed patient would treat seiures by himself.

57. During the arrival of modern psychiatry, how were people treated in psychiatric hospitals? A. They were forced to as the God for mercy. B. They wored for the old-fashioned treatment. C. They were considered senseless. D. They were treated as evil spirits.

58. Which of the following condition can cause a seiure? A. Rashes and other sin problems. B. Infected wounds. C. Stomach disorders. D. Brain injuries.

59. What's the best title of the passage? A. Symptoms Old and New B. Universal Forces or Science C. Seiures Now and Then D. Treatments Effective or Not

(B)

How a few members of the animal ingdom handle the transition to adulthood? African elephants

These beautiful beasts come close to imitate teen rebellion. Calves spend a decade with their mothers in female --- dominated groups --- and ladies stay there but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of bros. In their 20s, they often downsie to smaller male groups. Orangutans(猩猩)

Slow metabolism allows these primates to survive food shortages times when weather maes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation tae time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does. Oreas(逆载鲸)

iller whales join their mother's familial group for life. This lasting- relationship seems to increase a pup's chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more Iiely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Ris of death post-mom-mortem rises as ids get older.

Harp seals

A harp seal's “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A pup's sole purpose during. that brief period of coddling (宠爱) is to constantly nurse, gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂) every day. Once it's fat- they become greater from 25 to 80 pounds-- -it slides off the ice and taes on the sea. Wolf spiders

Every parent nows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggybac ride. The wolf spider straps

all her babies (40 or 50, on average) onto her bac at once, carrying the brood until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But lucily she only has to pull them for a few days.

60. According to the passage, which animals tae the biggest responsibility in raising their young? A. Harp seals. B. African elephants C. Oreas. D. Wolf spiders.

61. What can we learn from the sentence “But lucily she only has to pull them for a few days?” A. Other grown wolf spiders will come to tae care of the babies. B. The toddlers are too heavy for parents to hitch a piggybac ride.

C. Baby spiders are able to live on their own after a short period of time.

D. Baby spiders can mae full use of spider-hood before they leave their parents.

62. Who will be interested in this passage?

A. A student who is doing a project on animal growth. B. A id who is een on animal watching.

C. A oo-worer who is responsible for visitors safety. D. A doctor who specialies in animals' health.

(C)

As advances in auto-technology have placed a huge number of self-driving machines on our roads and sidewals, a side product has materialied in recent years robot-babysitting.

In Phoeni, human attendants w ill remotely monitor Google' s upcoming Waymo robot-tais, using the cars cameras to evaluate and adapt to passenger or road challenges. State safety regulations typically require that auto-vehicles be accompanied at all times by humans. These professionals job titles range from robot handler to safety driver, but they have essentially the same responsibilities monitoring robot behavior for safety and performance, and answering questions about the technology. Broadly speaing, robot-babysitting jobs fall under the umbrella of careers in automation, which include maintenance, engineering,and programming.

However, some observers note that certain inds of robot-babysitting --- the ind that is boring and doesn't require much education -- can mae for thanless wor. The safety drivers who sit in self-driving cars have described their roles as “ehausting and demanding,\about the constant pressure to stay vigilant at all times. It's incredibly hard to sit in a chair and stare at a computer without doing anything for eight hours,\Ph.D. to do it. In March 2018, the field of robot babysitting too a beating when a self-driving Uber in Tempe, Ariona, hit a 49-year old named Elaine Herberg. Dashcam footage showed that Rafaela Vasque, the car's safety driver, had not been looing at the road when the accident occurred. Investigators are deciding if Vasque will be charged with murder.

According to the Mcinsey Global Institute, 10 million to 800 million jobs globally could be lost to automation by 2030. In the long term, it's inevitable that robot-babysitters will go the way of elevator operators and lamplighters. But they'll also birth new robot related roles. A huge number of jobs will be created as auto-vehicles are loosed into the environment,\2016, Bosch started training students from Schooleraft College, a community college in Michigan, in auto-vehicle repair Toyota has trained students in maintenance as well. We might even see a