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2010-09英语B统考冲刺题：交际英语
交际用语的答题方法
（一）答语的三个原则
在学习、使用和复习交际用语部分时，大家要掌握使用交际用语的几个原则： A. 礼貌原则
无论在任何场合、表达什么看法/情感，发话/发问和应答都要有礼貌，即使表达不同看法或批评意见，也要委婉间接表达，使对方听起来不刺耳，例如： — Do you think I can use your car for one day? — . A. I’m afraid not. B. No, you can’t. C. I won’t let you do that. D. Absolutely not.
解析：此题第一说话人向对方提出请求“想借车一用”，对方如果不能答应，应该委婉地表示拒绝。因此选A。
礼貌原则还表现在拒绝一个请求的方式上：一种是委婉地回绝，上面例子“I’m afraid
not”就是这种情况；另一种是先表同意，然后用“but”来个转折，表达出不同意的意思。例如： I would like to，but… That’s a good idea，but…
B. 利他原则
在日常交际中，英语国家人民形成了一种习俗，即要尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便，对别人遇到的好事/成功要表示高兴，坏事要表示难过/惋惜，因此在交际用语中也要体现出来这种倾向，例如：
— I am going to the City Hall, can you tell me how to get there, madam? — . A. No, you don’t know B. I don’t know. C. Yes, you will. D. Sorry, I am new here too. But you can ask the policeman over there.
解析：此题第一说话人在向对方询问道路，按照利他原则，应尽可能为对方提供帮助和方便。所以选D，首先表示歉意，自己也不知道，同时给出一些有帮助的建议。
C. 文化遵从原则
在选择交际用语时，大家要有跨文化视角，也就是说，要克服本民族的习惯思维和应答模式，要使用得体的、符合对方习惯的方式来应答。例如： —Mary, your dress is really beautiful. How is John? — . A. Thank you very much B. No, no, John is not bad C. Thank you. He is fine D. Don’t say that. It’s ugly. John is good
解析：按照英美国家的文化，当受到他人的赞扬时，应该真诚地表示感谢，这也是对说话人的尊重。如果一味谦虚说“不、没有、还差得远”等，反而就不礼貌了， 这与中国人的习惯和思维不太一样，所以选C。
（二）排除法
交际用语部分试题的选项中，错误选项不但错得比较明显，而且有一定规律可循，这为我们在解题时使用排除法提供了机会。错项的类型大体有： A.选项明显违反上述三原则； B.选项本身语法错误；
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C.选项议题与谈话主题无关；
D.选项虽然与谈话主题有关，但不能提供发问者要求的信息、态度或观点。例如： 1）— Mary, are you and your husband busy this weekend? — . A. this weekend we may go to cinema B. No, we’re not C. Oh, it’s none of your business D. Welcome to our party 讲解：Mary 的问题包含了“忙不忙”的询问，她可能想邀请对方作点什么。选项A属于上述D 的情况，虽然与提问句的主题有关，但并未直接提供“忙”还是“不忙”的信息；C 回答很不客气，显然违反礼貌原则；D 与谈话主题无关，最后只剩下B是答案。 2）— You are not the manager here, are you? — . A. Yes, I’m not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am D. No, not at all
讲解： 选项A，B 都属于本身语法错误，不看发问句也可以排除。D 语法无错，但不能提供发问句要求的信息，属错项，答案是C。
交际用语的考查形式多样：既有给出第一句问语，选答语的情况；也有给出答语，选第一句问语的情况（当然前者居多）。还有一些新的考查形式：如给出问语或答语的一部分，让考生补充完整问语或答语。事实上，这就给了考生更多的提示，缩小了选择的范围，在一定程度上降低了试题的难度。在做类似考题时，应抓住题干中已有文字提供的信息，选择最符合题意的选项，排除干扰项。例如：
3）—Would you like another slice of Christmas cake? — I’m full. A. Yes, please. B. No more, thanks. C. Why not? D. Nothing more.
讲解：第一说话人询问对方“你要不要再吃一块圣诞蛋糕？”，根据答者的第二句话I’m full.“我吃饱了”，推断出前一句的答语应该是No more, thanks“吃不下了，谢谢”。而选项A，C表示接受邀请，D表示“没有什么（要说/做）的了”，均不符合题意，可直接排除。所以选B。
贰、综合题目
1、I'm going to Beijing next week, you know it's one of the most beautiful cities in China. - _____________________. A：Enjoy yourself B：It's a pleasure C：Good luck D：very good 答案：A
2、Our class won the girls' relay race in our school's sports meeting. - _____________________ A：That's right. B：Thanks a lot. C：Congratulations! D：It's a pleasure. 答案：C
3、Jim, please don't put your head out of the window on the bus. It's dangerous! - _____________________ A：Good idea. B：Sorry, I won't do it again. C：It doesn't matter. D：It's good. 答案：B
4、When did you move to America? - _____________________ A：Three years ago. B：About three years. C：Next year. D：This year. 答案：A
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5、Don't forget to come to my party this evening! - _____________________ A：I can't. B：I won't. C：I don't. D：I will. 答案：B
6、Did you use to play the piano? - _____________________ A：Yes, I do. B：No, I didn't. C：Yes, I play it every day. D：No, I do. 答案：B
7、What would you like to drink? - _____________________ A：Thanks a lot. B：Be quick. C：A glass of milk, please. D：I'm sorry. 答案：C
8、How much is that meat, please? - _____________________ A：Ten o'clock. B：Ten yuan a kilo. C：I like it very much. D：I don't like. 答案：B
9、Where is Kate?
- _____________________ A：She's in England. B：She's from London. C：She's a nurse in England. D：She is English. 答案：A
10、-Could I borrow your car, please? -______________________ A：Good idea. B：No hurry. C：With pleasure. D：No surprise. 答案：C
11、I'm sorry to have kept you waiting. - _____________________ A：It doesn't matter. B：Forget it. C：My pleasure. D：It's nice of you. 答案：A
12、I missed yesterday's football final. - _____________________ A：It's a good idea. B：What a pity! C：Remember to bring it next time. D：I'm glad to hear that. 答案：B
13、Do you prefer tea or coffee? - _____________________ A：Milk. B：Yes, I like tea. C：Coffee, please. D：None. 答案：C
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14、Let's have a picnic by the West Lake. - _____________________ A：Never mind. B：That's all right. C：Good idea. D：You're lucky. 答案：C
15、-How soon will your father fly to New York? -_____________________ A：At 7.00 am. B：Last week. C：In three days. D：Twice a year. 答案：C
16、-- Would you like to go to the concert with us this evening? -- ________
A：No, I already have plans. B：I'd love to, but I'm busy tonight. C：No, I really don't like being with you. D：I'm ill, so I shouldn't go out. 答案：B
叁、分类题目 一、自我介绍
1. --- Hello, I'm Harry Potter.
--- Hello, my name is Charles Green, but ______. A：call my Charles B：call me at Charles C：call me Charles D：call Charles me 答案：C
2. --- Let me introduce myself. I'm steward． --- _________
A：What a pleasure. B：Pleased to meet you. C：I don't know. D：Thanks a lot. 答案：B
二、问候
（一）第一次见面，彼此自我介绍之后的问候。 1. --- How do you do? --- _________
A：Fine, thank you. B：How do you do? C：Not too bad. D：Very well. 答案：B
2. --- How do you do? --- _________ A：Very well. B：How do you do? C：I'm a doctor. D：Nice to have known you. 答案：B
3. --- How do you do? Glad to meet you. --- _________
A：Fine. How are you? B：How do you do? Glad to meet you, too. C：How are you? Thank you! D：Nice. How are you? 答案：B
其他的说法还有 “Nice to meet you.”, “Nice to know you.”
(二) 熟人之间的问候 1. --- How are you, Bob? --- _______, Ted.
A：How are you? B：I'm fine. Thank you. C：How do you do? D：Nice to meet you. 答案：B
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