常用100词根

monarch [mon=one, alone单一；arch=ruler统治者→“only one ruler, or one who rules a country alone单独治理国家者”→+ n. king of sovereign国王，君主：The monarch was ousted.国王被赶下台了。 ▽monarchal [monarch;-ala.] a.国王的，君主的

monarchy [mon-=one, alone单一；arch=ruler统治者；-yn.=the state表状态→“the state or government of only one ruler单人统治的政体”→+ n. government ruled by a monarch君主政体；君主国：China was once a monarchy.中国曾经是个君主国。

▽monarchic [monarch(y);-ica.] a.君主制的；君主国的

monarchism [monarch(y);-ismn.] n.君主制度；君主主义

oligarch [olig-=few少，寡；arch=ruler统治者→“one of a few rulers少数统治者之一”→+ n. member of an oligarchy寡头统治成员：finan-cial oligarch金融寡头

oligarchy [olig-=few少，寡；arch=ruler统治者；-yn.=the state表状态→“the state or government by a few rulers由少数人统治的政府”→+ n. rule or government by a few, often for their own interests寡头政治；寡头统治的政府：Ancient Sparta was really an oligarchy.古斯巴达实际上是个寡头统治的国家。

▽oligarchic [oligarch(y);-ica.] a.寡头政治的

polyarchy [poly-=many多；arch=ruler统治者；-yn.=the state表状态→“the state or government by many rulers多人的统治”→+ n. rule or government by many heads多头政治

matriarch [matri=mother 母；arch=ruler 统治者→“a ruler who is a mother母权统治者”→+ n. woman who rules a large family or tribe女家长；女族长：This tribe is still led by matriarchs.该部落依然以女族长为首。

▽matriarchal [matriarch;-ala.] a.女家长的；女族长的

matriarchy [matri=mother母；arch=rule统治；-yn.=the state表状态→“the state of rule by mothers 母权统治”→+ n. social group or system ruled only by women母权制；母系氏族制：Many ancient societies were matriarchies.许多远古社会是母权制社会。

archives [arch=ruler统治者；-iven.=thing物；-s表复数→“documents belonging to rulers属于统治者的文件”→+ n.① public records档案② place in which public records are stored档案室（馆）：the central archives of the state国家档案馆

▽archivist [archiv(es);-istn.] n.档案保管员

archival [archiv(es);-ala.] a.关于档案的；在档案中的 arch还可以当前缀使用。arch-意思是chief（主要的）。

archenemy [arch-=chief主要的；enemy n.敌人→+ n. chief enemy首敌；大敌

architect [arch-=thief首要的；-i-;tect=builder建筑者→“chief builder建筑者的首领”→+ n. designer of buildings建筑设计师 ▽architecture [architect;-uren.] n.建筑学

architectonic [architect;-onic(-ic) a.] a.关于建筑的 练习6：

1.[望文生义]根据已知词根的含义求出下列单词的含义。

已知：词根patri=father 求：patriarch

patriarchy

2.[由此及彼]根据前面单词的含义推出后面单词的含义。

① trinenial a.三年一度的→triarchy n. ② bishop n.主教→archbishop n. ③ priest n.祭司→archpriest n.

3.[寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。

① archon n.古雅典之执政者；统治者

② plutarchy n.富豪统治；富人政府（提示：plut=wealth） ③ diarchy n.两头政治（提示：di-=two） ④ archangel n.天使长；大天使 ⑤ hierarch n.教主，主教 ⑥ arch-criminal n.罪魁祸首 ⑦ archfiend n.大恶魔

⑧ archipelago n.群岛（提示：pelago=sea）

⑨ architrave n. [建]柱顶过梁；门的头线条板（提示：trave=beam）

7.aud,audit[L]=tohear听

在常用词audience和auditorium中，有一对同源异形词根aud和audit，其词源拉丁动词audire的意思是to hear（听）。aud是不定式词干，audit是动名词词干。

audience [aud=to hear听；-i-;-encen.=the act or state表行为或状态→“the act or state of hearing 听的行为或状态”→+ n.① interview or con-ference会见；接见：The foreign guests had an audience with