全国高等自学考试综合英语（一）全真模拟卷及答案解析

解析： so当“确实如此，是这样”讲，主语与上一句的主语一致时，后跟陈述语序。当主语与前句的主语不一致，表示后者也如此时，so用倒装语序。

24._____you understand this rule，you‘ll have no difficulty in dealing with such problems. a.While b.Though c.Unless d.Once 答案： d

解析： once意思是“一旦”。while“当……时候”；though“虽然”；unless“除非”。“一旦你明白了这个规则，处理类似的问题就不困难了。”显然，d符合句子意思的表达需要。 25.Your bike needs_____.You‘d better do i right now. a.clean b.to be clean c.being cleaned d.to clean 答案： b

解析： need+to be done或need+doing都表示被动的动作。类似的动词还有want，require等。他们都是后面跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。 26.The driver pulled_____at the traffic lights. a.in b.off c.up d.out 答案： c

解析： pull up“（车、马）停下”，符合句意。pull in“（火车）缓缓进站，（车辆）靠边停下”；pull out“（车、船）驶出，（司机）超车”；pull off“努力实现（计划等）”。 27.Both of my brothers are now married，so I have two_____. a.sister-ins-law b.sisters-in-law c.sisters-in-law d.sister-in-law 答案： b

解析： “名词+副词/介词”或“副词/介词+名词”的复合名词，单数变复数时，只将中心名词变复数。如：on-look→on-looks；brother-in-law→brothers-in-law. 28.Two-thirds of his property_____lost in the fire. a.was b.were c.are d.have been 答案： a

解析： 以分数限定的名词做主语时，谓语的单复数应同该名词保持一致，而不管分数是单数还是复数。此句中property（财产）是单数不可数名词，故用单数形式的动词。 29.He‘s working hard_____.

a.for fear that he will fail b.for fear he should fail c.lest he fails d.for case he would fail 答案： b

解析： for fear （that）“惟恐，以免”，引导的从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可省略。lest意思及用法类似。

30.The teacher gave_____the examination paper. a.off b.over c.up d.out 答案： d

解析： give out“分发，用完，耗尽”，符合句意。give off“发放出（气、光、热等）”；give up“放弃”；give over“交付”。

Ⅱ。阅读下面两篇短文，每篇后有五个问题，根据短文的内容从四选项中选项一个最佳答案。 Passage 1.

The agricultural revolution in the 19th century involved two things：the invention of labor-saving machinery and the deyelopment of scientific agriculture.Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce.“In Europe，”said Thomas Jefferson，“the object is to make the most of their land，labor being abundant：here it is to make the most of our labor，land being abundant.”It was in America， therefore，that the great advances in 19th century agricultural machinery first came.

At the opening of the century，with the exception of a crude plow farmers could have carried pracically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs；by1860，most of the machinery inuse today had been designed in an early form.The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.As early as 1790 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introdueing his invention.The farmers，however，would have none of it，claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds grow.Nevertheless，many people devoted their attention to the plow，until in 1869 James Oliver of South Bend，Indiana，turned out the first chilled-still plow.？ 1. What is the main topic of the passage？

a.The need for agricultural advances to help feed a growing population. b.The development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement. c.Machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution. d.New Jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution. 答案： c

解析： 本文围绕农业革命和机器进行了论述。

2. The expression “make the most of” in Line 4is closest in meaning to which of the following？

a.get the best yield from b.raise the price of c.make full use of d.earn a living on 答案： c

解析： make the mast of意思是“充分利用”，意同“make full use of”。 3. Which of the following can be inferred from what Thomas Jefferson said？ a.Europe was changing more quickly than America.

b.Europe had greater need of farm machinery than America did. c.America was finally rnning out of good farmland. d.There was a shortage of workers on American farm. 答案： d

解析： 第一段最后一句提到在美国首先出现了先进的农业机器。前一句说土地多的地方要充分利用劳动力，说明美国相对来说“劳动力不足，土地富裕”。 4. It can be inferred that the waord“here”in Line 4 refers to_____. a.Europe b.America c.New Jersey d.Indiana 答案： b

解析： “In Europe”，said Thomas Jefferson，“the object is to make the most of their land，labor being abundant；here it is to make the most of our labor，land being abundant.”It was in America，therefore，that the great advances in 19th century agricultural machinery first came.从黑体部分可以清楚看出here指代“美国”。here与in Europe构成对比句子结构。 5. What point is the autor making by stating that farmers could carry nearly all their tools on their backs？

a.Farmers had few tools before the agricultural revolution b.Americans were traditionally self-reliant. c.Life on the farm was extremely difficult. d.New tools were designed to be portable. 答案： a

解析： 起初农民几乎可以背得了所有的工具，说明那时候工具又少又简单，与后来的大机器形成对比。 Passages 2.

There are many problems connected with space travel.The first and greatest of themis gravity.If you let your pencil drop to the floor，you can see gravity in action.Everything is held

down to the earth by magnetic force.A rocket must go at least 2，500miles an hour to take anyone beyond the gravity of the earth into space.

Another problem is the strain（作用力） that a person is subjected to when a rocket leaves the ground.Anything that is not moving tends to resist movement.As the rocket leaves the ground，it pushes upward violently，and the person in the onse cone（驾驶舱） is pushed back against the chair.During this thrust，gravity exerts a force on the body equal to nine times its normal force. Once out of the earth‘s gravity，an astronaut is affected by still another

problem——weight-lessness.Here，if a pencil drops，it does not fall.If a glass of water is turned upside down，the water will not fall out.Our bodies，which are accustomed to gravity，tend to become upset in weightless conditions.Recent long flights have shown that the body needs special execise in a spaceship.

Astronauts could also be affected by boredom and loneliness.Some of them might have to sit in their spaceships for nonths with little to do and no one to talkto.Space trips to distant planets or the nearest stars mighttake many years.It is possible that some trips to even take a lifetime.So future astronauts must be trained to endure ling periods of “inactivity and solitude”。 6. Which of the following is NOTmentioned in the passage？ a.The earth‘s gravity b.Weightlessness c.Space sickness d.Loneliness 答案： c

解析： 第二、三、四段的首句分别提到了a，b，d三个选项。 7. In weightless condition，what will happen？

a.If a pencil drops，it will fall b.If a glass of water is turned upside down，the water will fall out

c.Our bodies tend to become upset d.It‘s easier for our bodies to move around 答案： d

解析： 第三段中间分别列举了在失重情况下的三种可能性。 8. The quality that the future astronauts must have is_____.

a.being brave b.not being overweight c.enduring solitude d.being passive 答案： c

解析： 第四段最后一句话提到未来的宇航员接受训练，以便能经受住长期不运动和寂寞的考验。

9. Which of the following is beyond the gravity of the earth？