电子万年历的设计

扬州工业职业技术学院

2011 — 2012学年

第一学期

毕业设计

课题名称： 电子万年历的设计 - 设计时间： 2011.9.10-2011.12.30 系 部： 电子信息工程系 班 级： 机电一体化 姓 名： 锦华 ___ 指导教师： 张康

电子万年历的设计

[摘 要]： 随着电子技术的迅速发展，特别是随着大规模集成电路的出现，给人类生活带来根本性的改变。尤其是单片机技术的应用产品已走进千家万户。电子万年历的出现给人们的生活带来了诸多方便。电子万年历是一种非常广泛的日常计时工具，在现代社会越来越流行。它可以对年、月、日、周日、时、分、秒进行计时，还具有闰年补偿等多种功能，而且DS1302的使用寿命长，误差小。对于电子万年历采用直观的1602液晶显示，可以同时显示年、月、日、周日、时、分、秒和温度等信息，还具有时间校准等功能。该电路采用AT89S52单片机作为核心，功耗小，能在3V的低压工作，电压可选用3~5V电压供电。在设计的同时对单片机的理论基础和外围扩展知识进行了比较全面准备。在硬件与软件设计时，没有良好的基础知识和实践经验会受到很大限制，每项功能实现时需要那种硬件，程序该如何编写，算法如何实现等，没有一定的基础就不可能很好的实现。在编写程序过程中发现以现有的相关知识要独自完成编写任务困难重重，在老师和同学的帮助下才完成了程序部分的编写。

本万年历的设计采用 C语言，根据功能需求进行程序的编写与调试，保证软硬件正常工作，具有结构简单，成本低廉，显示清晰，稳定可靠等优点。并且可进行扩充，加入闹钟的功能，更加方便于你使用。

[关键词]： 单片机 DS18B20 DS1302 1602液晶 PCB

TheDesignOf Electronic Calendar

Abstract: With the rapid development of electronic technology, especially along with large scale integrated circuit, the appearance of human life to bring fundamental change. Especially the application of single chip microcomputer products have already walked into the country. The emergence of electronic calendar to the life of people brought many convenient. Electronic calendar is a very wide range of daily timing tool, in modern society is more and more popular. It can be to year, month, day, Sunday, when the clock, minutes and seconds, also has a leap year compensation, etc DuoZhong function, and the DS1302 long service life and small error. For electronic calendar by using object 1602 LCD display, can also shows that year, month,

day, Sunday, when, minutes and seconds and temperature, information, but also has time calibration etc. Function. This circuit AT89S52 SCM as the core, low consumption, in 3 V of low-pressure work, voltage can choose 3 ~ 5 V voltage power supply. In the design at the same time the SCM theoretical basis and peripheral expansion knowledge is compared to overall. In the hardware and software design, no good basic knowledge and practical experience is very limited, every function to a need that kind of hardware, and the program this how to write, how to realize the algorithm, not a foundation will not be very good implementation. In the process of program found that by the existing knowledge to finish writing task alone difficulties, the teachers and students of help to finish the program, and the writing of the part. The design of this calendar using C language, according to the function requirements of the procedures to write and debugging, ensure software and hardware normal work, the structure is simple, the cost is low and the show clear, stable and reliable. And can be extended, join the alarm clock function, it is more convenient to use you.

Keywords: DS18B20 DS1302 1602LCD PCB SCM

目 录

第一章 绪论.................................................................................................................. 1

1.1本课题的研究的背景以及现实意义............................................................... 1 1.2本课题对于专业知识的综合应用情况........................................................... 1 1.3课题论述总体结构安排................................................................................... 1 第二章 电子万年历的工作概述以及原理分析.......................................................... 3

2.1电子万年历的工作概述................................................................................... 3 2.2确保电子万年历的工作性能稳定的相关措施............................................... 3 2.3系统硬件电路总体结构框图........................................................................... 3 2.4电子万年历总体电路原理图........................................................................... 4 2.5各部分单元电路介绍....................................................................................... 4

2.5.1 DS18B20温度传感器电路介绍 ............................................................ 4 2.5.2 DS1302电路 .......................................................................................... 5 2.5.3单片机最小系统电路............................................................................. 5 2.5.4 1602液晶显示电路................................................................................ 6

第三章 应用Protel实现电路原理图的绘制及PCB设计 ........................................ 7

3.1Protel简介 ......................................................................................................... 7 3.2绘制电路原理图的主要步骤........................................................................... 7 3.3PCB人工布局、人工布线设计 ....................................................................... 8 第四章 电子万年历C程序的编写与实现 ............................................................... 10

4.1程序流程框图................................................................................................. 10 4.2电子万年历C语言程序 ................................................................................ 12

4.2.1键盘扫描部分程序............................................................................... 12 4.2.2 DS18B20部分程序 .............................................................................. 22 4.2.3 DS1302部分程序 ................................................ 错误！未定义书签。 4.2.41602液晶显示部分程序....................................................................... 28

第五章 总结................................................................................................................ 31

5.1设计功能分析................................................................................................. 31 5.2 心得体会........................................................................................................ 31 参考文献...................................................................................................................... 32 致 谢.......................................................................................................................... 33 附录.............................................................................................................................. 34