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人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit1语法与写作指导
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
Unit 1语法与写作
语法指导
情态动词can的用法
【教材原句】
1.——Can you and Tom play chess? ——Yes,we can./No,we can’t. 2.——What can you do? ——I can dance.
3.So you can join the soccer club.
4.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.
以上例句,是含有情态动词 的一般疑问句和特殊疑问句及其
回答,其中“I can dance.”是 句,1句是 句,2句是 句。(can,肯定,一般疑问,特殊疑问) 【语法透析】
本单元学习的情态动词can,表示某人具有做某事的能力,它的意思是“能,会”,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。 主语+can+动词原形+其他。We can play the guitar. She can dance. 肯定句 主语+can+not+动词原形+其他。We can’t play the guitar. She can’t dance. 否定句 Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 一般疑问句 Can you play the guitar? Yes,we can./No,we can’t. Can she dance? Yes,she can./No,she can’t. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他? We can play the guitar.→What can you do? The boy can tell stories She can dance.→What can she do? →What can the boy tell? 情态动词can的具体含义如下: 1.表示脑力或体力方面的“能力”,意思是“能,会”。例如:I can speak English.我会讲英语。He can play basketball.他会打篮球。I can’t ride a motorbike.我不会骑摩托车。What can you see in the picture?你能在图画中看到什么? 2.在口语中,情态动词can表示“许可”,can’t表示“不准”。例如:You can go out.你可以出去了。You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。You can’t play football in the street.不准在马路上踢足球。 3.指“请求做某事”,常用于一般疑问句。Can you??“请你??好吗?”,表示说话人的请求;Can I??“我可以??吗?”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事。如在末尾加上please一词就显得更有礼貌了。例如:Can you help me,please?请你帮助我好吗?Can I have a cup of tea,please?请问,我可以喝一杯茶吗? 【试题链接】——Can you ride a horse?
——No,I .
A.needn’t B.may not C.can’t D.mustn’t
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(can表示能力,用它来提问,就用它来回答。故选C。)
【拓展记忆】情态动词can表示请求时,其回答可用Yes,OK或Certainly等作肯定回答;用No或Sorry等作否定回答。例如:——Can you look after my books,please?你可以照看一下我的书吗?——OK./All right可以。/好吧。注意:如果用certainly作肯定回答,语气更肯定;用Sorry作否定回答,语气则更委婉、客气。例如:——Can I see your guitar?我可以看看你的吉他吗?——Certainly.当然可以。——Can you sing?你会唱歌吗?——Certainly,I can.我当然会。——Sorry,I can’t.很抱歉,我不会。
【试题链接】——Let’s go dancing tonight.
——Sorry,I .I have to go to my guitar lessons. A. mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t
(意为“我们今天晚上去跳舞吧”!“对不起,我不能去,我得去上吉他课”。从答句中的have to“不得不”可知,前面是表达不能去跳舞。can’t表示“不能”。故选C。)
【拓展记忆】情态动词的基本用法:情态动词是表示说话人的语气、情态等的一类词。如:can(能,会),may(可以),以后我们还将学到must(必须),need(必须),should(应该),would(应该,想要)等。情态动词在运用时,有以下三方面的特征。
1.情态动词无主语人称及单复数的变化。例如:They can play the piano.She can speak a little English.You may watch TV after supper. 2.情态动词在句中运用时,后跟动词原形。例如:The girl can sing English songs.I can play Chinese chess. 3.含情态动词的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,将情态动词提至句首,后加“?”;变否定句时,在情态动词后加上“not”即可。例如:This boy can dance well.→Can this boy dance well?Yes,he can./No,he can’t.(一般疑问句及其肯否回答)→→This boy can’t dance well.(否定句)→What can this boy do well?(特殊疑问句,对dance提问) EXERCISES:
一、根据句意,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Bob can (draw)very well. 2.Can Jane (play)the piano? 3.Mike can’t (write)stories. 4.Lucy and Lili can (dance). 5.What can Tom (do)?
二、根据汉语提示完成句子,每空一词。 1.I (会唱歌)。
2.My borther (不会下象棋).
3.My father and my uncle (会弹吉他). 4.你会打鼓吗? you ? 5.你的弟弟会做什么? your brother ? 三、根据括号内的要求,完成下列各句,每空一词。 1.I can speak Chinese well.(改为一般疑问句) speak Chinese well? 2.Mary can play the piano. (改为否定句)
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Mary the piano.
3.——Can Jack and his brother play soccer? (作否定回答) ——No, .
4.My sister can tell stories. (对画线部分提问) your sister ? 5.I can play basketball. (用soccer改为选择疑问句) Play basketball soccer?
话题写作
【写作话题】
本单元围绕“Joining a club”话题,让学生谈论自己或他人的能力及加入俱乐部的倾向。写作命题形式一般有写一封申请参加俱乐部的书信、介绍某俱乐部成员的情况、根据提示写一篇某俱乐部的招聘广告等。在写作中能正确使用情态动词can来表达能力和请求允许,能正确表达自己的喜好和意愿等。 【常用短语及句型】 Sports
swim,play basketball/tennis/volleyball Music and arts
play the guitar/drums/violin/piano,sing,dance,draw Other abilities
speak English,play chess,write/tell stories Talking about abilities
A:Can you play the guitar? B:Yes,I can./No,I can’t. A:What can you do? B: I can dance./I can’t sing. A:What club do you want to join? B:We want to join the chess club. 【写作应用】
假如你叫王强,想加入英语俱乐部。请根据以下内容写一封信,介绍一下你的个人情况。要求不少于60词,开头结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 Name Wang Qiang Age 13 School No.5 Middle School Likes English,playing basketball and computer games Can draw,play the guitar,sing English song? Dear Sir, My name is Wang Qiang.
Yours, Wang Qiang
【写作技巧】
1.首先认真审题,弄清题意,掌握所有表达的要点,以避免随心所欲,文不对题。 2.本文是以书信格式提供情景的作文,语言要口语化,信的内容一定要按所给的
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要求写,不要漏写。
3.介绍个人情况,要用一般现在时,第一人称,注意不要随意改动,以免造成误解。
4.文章要条理清楚,语句通顺,拼写及标点正确。 【优秀范文】 Dear Sir,
My name is Wang Qiang.I am thirteen years old.I am a student of No.5 Middle School.I want to join the English club.I like English very much.And I like playing basketball and computer games,too.I can draw,play the guitar and singEnglish songs.I want to make friends in the club.It’s interesting and fun!Can I join the club?Please call me at 689-7928.
Yours,
Wang Qiang EXERCISES:话题写作。 请阅读下面的广告:
Help Wanted for Beijing School Trip Boys and girls(12—16years old) Are you good with kids?
Can you help with sports,music and English? Come and join us!
Our e-mail address:swsc@163.com.
假若你是谭婷,想参加这次学校郊游。请发一封电子邮件,介绍一下你的兴趣爱好和能力。要求:语句通顺,语法正确;60词左右;开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数。 Dear Sir,
I want
I hope to get your letter soon.
Yours, Tan Ting
(范文:to join your Beijing School Trip to help the kids with sports,music and English.My name is Tan Ting.I’m 15years old.I’m a student in No.1 Middle School.I play the guitar well.I can sing many songs.I can swim,and I can speak English well.I think I can be good with the kids.)
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