当前位置:首页 > 天津专版高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第八讲名词性从句
第八讲 名词性从句
考点1 what和that引导的名词性从句
1.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to 20,half of________ it used to charge.(2017·江苏,26) A.that C.what 答案 C
解析 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为:我们选择这家旅馆,因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元,这是它以前要价的一半。从句意看,本句的half of部分在句中作 20的同位语,由此可知这里要用what引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语,同时what在宾语从句中又作charge的宾语,因此选C。
2.It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
(2016·江苏,21)
A.why B.what C.as D.that 答案 D
解析 考查主语从句的引导词。句意为:通常情况下,对于那些心存希望的人来说,一切皆有可能。本句中的it为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的名词性从句,从句结构完整,不缺成分,故要用that引导。
3.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.
(2016·北京,29)
A.what B.that C.whether D.why
B.which D.how
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答案 B
解析 考查表语从句的引导词。句意为:雨季最令人愉快的事情是人可以完全不受灰尘的袭扰。分析句子结构可知,is后的表语从句中不缺少成分,且句意完整,故选B。
4.A ship in harbor is safe,but that’s not ________ ships are built for.(2015·安徽,25) A.what C.why 答案 A
解析 考查表语从句的引导词。句意为:船停在港口里是很安全的,但这并非建造船的目的。空格处引导的从句作表语,表语从句中的for后缺少宾语,用what引导,故选A。why和when是连接副词,不能作宾语;whom指人。
5.If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2015·浙江,6) A.what C.that 答案 A
解析 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为:如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话,务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。分析句子结构可知,此处investigate后跟宾语从句,从句缺少主语,故用what引导。who与whoever都可以作主语,但是不符合句意;that在名词性从句中仅仅起连接作用,不作句子成分。 考点归纳
1.what引导名词性从句的五种用法: (1)表示“……的东西或事情”:
They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少,积蓄多少。
(2)表示“……的人或的样子”: He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子了。
Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的? (3)表示“……的数量或数目”:
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.
2 / 14 B.who D.whoever B.whom D.when
我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 (4)表示“……时间”:
After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
The young girl was too frightened to speak,standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话,大概在那儿站了几个小时。 (5)表示“……的地方”:
This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
In 1492,Columbus reached what is now called America.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
2.what 与that引导名词性从句时的区别:两者均可引导主语、表语、宾语从句。that 可引导同位语从句,但 what 通常不用于引导同位语从句;what 可在从句中用作主语、宾语或表语,意为“什么”或“所……的”,而 that 仅起连接作用,本身没有实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句子成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略,如果有两个或两个以上并列的宾语从句,第一个从句的引导词that可以省略,其余的不能省略)。 He doesn’t know what she likes. 他不知道她喜欢什么。
I believe (that) he will come to see us. 我相信他会来看我们的。
I had no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在这儿。
考点2 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1.The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016·天津,11) A.whether C.which 答案 B
解析 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意为:经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知,空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容,从句中不缺成分且意义完整,故选B项。
2.After investigation,the police found out one clue ________ voices were heard
3 / 14 B.that D.what
calling for help from some very distant place that day.(2016·南京、盐城高三一模,26) A.where C.that 答案 C
解析 句意为:在调查之后,警察发现了一条线索,那天有人听到远处某个地方传来了呼救声。设空处引导同位语从句,从句意义、结构完整,应用that引导,补充说明one clue的具体内容。 考点归纳
1.判断是同位语从句还是定语从句可以用“加词”的方法,即在名词和从句之间加入一个be动词,如果句子意思成立,则是同位语从句,否则,则是定语从句。 The notice that the meeting had to be put off was true.(同位语从句) 会议不得不推迟的通知是真的。
→The notice was that the meeting had to be put off. The notice that he read just now was true.(定语从句) 他刚才读的那则通知是真的。
2.在某些名词后的同位语从句中,其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式:(should+)动词原形。常见的名词有demand,request,advice,suggestion,order,plan,proposal等。 The suggestion that a new bridge (should) be built was accepted. 在这里修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了。 考点3 名词性从句中whether与if的比较
1.She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t.
(2017·天津,4)
A.when C.whether 答案 C
解析 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为:她问我是否(whether)已将那些书还给了图书馆,我承认还没还。when什么时候;where在哪里;what什么,均不符合语境。
2.We have offered him the position,but I don’t have the slightest idea ________ he will accept it. A.how C.whether 答案 C
4 / 14 B.if D.that B.where D.what B.when D.whose
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