2016年中考英语专题复习：代词

2016年中考英语专题复习导学案：代词

代词的概念：代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词(he/ she)、物主代词(my/his)、反身代词(themselves, herself)、指示代词(this/that/ these/ those)、相互代词(each other)、不定代词(someone/ everything)、疑问代词（who/what）等。

考点一：首先注意人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的各种形式 名称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 单数 第一人称 I my myself 第二人称 you you yourself 第三人称 he, she, it his, her, its 复数 第一人称 us ours ourselves 第二人称 you your 第三人称 they their theirs 【中考真题再现】 ( ) 1. _____ is my son. Do you like to play with ______? A. You, you B. She, her C. I, me D. He, him ( ) 2. --Is this ____ ruler? ---No. _____ is over there.

A. her, Her B. her, Hers C. hers, Hers D. hers, He

考点二：人称代词的主格和宾格的区别

【例句观察】1) He is so kind that we all like him.

2) She is ill in hospital and her mother is looking after her.

【归纳总结】

人称代词的主格作主语，放在_______之前；宾格作宾语，放在________或________之后； 记忆技巧: 主语用主格，宾语用宾格，属于谁所有用所有格。 【中考真题再现】( )1.My father is ill in bed. I have to look after ______at home. A. he B. his C. him D.himself 考点三：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别

【例句观察】1) This is my bag, and that is yours (= your bag).

2) Their school is much bigger than ours ( our school). 【归纳总结】

形容词性物主代词只能作_________(定语/表语)，修饰后面所接的_______；

而名词性物主代词相当于―_______________ + _______‖，其后_______接名词？ 【中考真题再现】

( )1.—Is that ______dog? –No. _______ is white.

A. his; His B. her; His C. he; His D. her; Her

( )2. –Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. –It doesn’t matter. You can have Eg: I had a cold. That’s why I didn’t come.

( )3.What I want to say is this: pronunciation is very important in learning English.______. A. we B. us C. our D. ours 考点四：it的用法 1、 作形式主语、形式宾语。

1) It’s + adj. + (for/of sb) +to do sth. ―对某人来说做某事…‖

【例句观察】1）It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很

难的。

2）It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 【归纳总结】for sb. 常用于表示________(人物/事物)的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等；

of sb. 常用于一般用表示_______(人物/事物)的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度

的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right, humorous ,stupid等。 3）主语+ find (make/ think/ feel) + it (is ) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth 主语+ found (made / thought/ felt) + it (was) + adj. + (for sb ) + to do sth e.g.: Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? =Do you think it is necessary to learn to wait in line? 【中考真题再现】

1.____is kind of him to give us a hand. A. That B. It C. You D. He

2.I feel ___ necessary to have sports every day. A. you B. that C. it D. it was 2、指婴儿或不明身份、性别的人以及谈话的双方都知道的人和事。 【中考真题再现】

1、Who is standing over there? ________. A. It’s me B. It’s I C. I am D. I knock 2、Who is that man? ______ must be our headmaster. A. He B. It C. That D. It’s 3、指天气、时间或距离等。

e.g.: 1) It is sunny today. Let’s go out for a walk.2) It’s eight o’clock now. It’s time for class. 3）It’s ten kilometers from my home to school.

考点五：反身代词不做主语，可作宾语、表语及同位语，必须与被指代的人在人称和数上保持一致，意义为―本人‖、―亲自‖。 反身代词的必考词组

_____________玩得开心 _____________自学 _____________单独；独自 hurt oneself 伤着某人自己_____________照顾某人自己_________照顾某人自己

___________________请随意（吃）……devote oneself to (致力于…); ____________ (自已穿);make oneself at home(随便些,请不要拘束); ____________________苏醒 【中考真题再现】

( ) 1. –Hi, guys. How was your party yesterday?(2013 江苏南京) --Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed _______.

A. themselves B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves

( ) 2.Miss Zhang enjoyed ______ in the party the day before yesterday.

A. her B. oneself C. themselves D. herself

( ) 3.—Jim, help _____ to some fruit. ----Thank you! （2013 山东聊城）

A. you B. yours C. yourself D. yourselves

( )4. Boys, don’t lose ________in playing Angry Birds. It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time. A. himself B. yourself C. themselves D. yourselves 考点六：指示代词

指示代词包括：this, that , these, those

1.this和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较_______(近、远)的事物或人； that 和those则指时间或空间上较________(近、远)的事物或人。

2. 有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these 则是指下面将要讲到的事物。 3.电话用语 通常用this指代自己，that指代对方

4. that指代同一类别中的另一个，可用来代替可数和不可数名词，指代可数名词复数时用

those，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。 5.代词one, it, that的用法辨析

①one指代同一类别中的另一个，用来代替可数名词单数，其复数形式为ones。 ②it指代同一个人或物，代替单数可数名词或不可数名词。

③that指代同一类别中的另一个，可用来代替可数和不可数名词，指代可数名词时其复数为those，通常用于含有比较级别的句子中。 【中考真题再现】

1. ______ Tom, who ________?

A. I am, are you B. This is, is that C. I am, is that D. This is, are you 2. ---Hello, ______ Mr. Green? ---Sorry, he is out. Please call him later.

A. are you B. you are C. is that D. is this

3. The population of China is much larger than ____ of Russia. A. that B. this C. those D. it

4. – What kind of house would you like? --I’d like __with a garden in front of _______. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it

5.I’ve got several novels written by Mo Yan. You can borrow ______ if you like. A. it B. one C. every D. either

考点七：不定代词 some 一些 every 每个 either（两者）任何一个 any 任何的 each每个 neither两个都不 one一个 both两个 few很少 none一个没有 much许多 little很少 many许多 another另一个 other(s)其余 【中考真题再现】

1、We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and ____ is from American. A. another B. the other C. other D. the another 2. I have two sisters, but _____of them is a teacher.(2013 山东潍坊) A. all B. neither C. both D. none

1、We have two foreign teachers here. One is from England, and ____ is from American. A. another B. the other C. other D. the another 2. I have two sisters, but _____of them is a teacher.(2013 山东潍坊) A. all B. neither C. both D. none 考点八：复合不定代词的用法 some any every no one someone body everybody thing nothing 【例句观察】

① I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情告诉你。（肯定句） ②Would you like something to drink? 你想要点儿喝的吗？（请求）

③ I can’t see anything in the dark room. 在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。（否定句） ④Anything is possible. 一切皆有可能。（肯定句）

⑤If you have any questions, please ask me. 有问题请问我。（条件句） ⑥Everyone is here today. 今天大家都来齐了。

【归纳总结】 (1) some- 类复合不定代词多用于肯定句及表示________________________疑问句中；

any-类复合不定代词多用于______、______和_______中，也可用与肯定句中，意为―任何人‖或―任何事‖。 (2) 复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时，形容词要放在不定代词的________。

(3)不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语通常用________________________。 【中考真题再现】

( ) 1. If ________ comes to ask for this book, you can sell it.

A. someone B. anyone C. nothing D. something

( ) 2. I asked her for ____milk, but she didn’t have _____.

A. any; some B. some; any C. some; some

( ) 3. –What did you buy for you r daughter at the supermarket?

--I bought _______, because I couldn’t find ______ she likes.

A. something; anything B. anything ; something C. nothing; anything D. something; nothing

考点九：疑问代词的基本用法

1、who (谁，主格) whom (谁，宾格)，whose(谁的，所有格) ,what(什么)，which(哪个，哪些)

2、Who (Whom) are you taking the book to? (作介词的宾语)

To whom did you speak on the campus（校园）?（作介词的宾语） 【中考真题再现】

( ) 1、--_____ that new bike over there? ---I think it’s _____.

A. Who’s ; Sam B. Who’s ; Sam’s C. Whose is; Sam D. Whose is ; Sam’s ( ) 2、 --_____ won the 100th old at the Olympic Games for China? --Zhang Yining. She’s from Beijing. A. Who B. What C. When D. Where ( ) 3、 Excuse me, __ is the way to the nearest supermarket? A. where B. which C. why D. who 1. 中考怎么考？ 1. —Excuse me, but is that my passport?—Oh, sorry, I took ______ by mistake.

A. yours B. mine C. hers D. his

2.—Can he ask Mr. Black for help?—Sorry.He should solve the problem by (he). 3. —What do you want most?�ぁ狝 room of ____own.��A. I B. me C. my D. mine�� 2. 中考考什么？ 1. 人称代词 人称代词的主格和宾格意思一样，用法不同

①He is a student. (主格，做主语)

②We must help him and look after him. （宾格，在动词help和介词after后做宾语） 01. We have friends to help us fight against pollution, and trees are one of ____

A. themselves B. they C. their D. them

02. Aunt Tina will visit us soon. ______ is arriving tomorrow morning.

A. He B. She C. His D. Her

03. I can’t find my English book. Could you help _______ find it?

A. her B. him C. me D. them

04. My friend showed _______ some old photos of his family.

A. my B. I C. me D. mine

2. 物主代词 形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词意思一样，用法不同