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assist. Never use your fingers or thumb)
? 按美国人的习惯,你不一定要吃餐桌上所有的菜,而且到最后你盘子里的菜没有吃完,也不是不礼貌的。不要询问别人为什么不吃某个菜,或者询问别人为什么不把菜吃完(It is acceptable in the United States not to accept all offerings, and to not finish all the food on your plate. No one should ask why another doesn't want any of a dish or why he has not finished a serving)。
? 不要对餐桌上的菜进行批评,也不应该对菜的分量多少进行品头论足。(There should be no negative comments about the food nor of the offerings available)
? 吃东西的时候要闭上嘴。不要在吃东西的时候发出声音,嘴里有食物的时候也不要讲话;在吃的时候也不该有不应有的噪声发出来。(Chew with your mouth closed. Do not slurp, talk with food in your mouth, or make loud or unusual noises while eating)
? 当你需要离开餐桌的时候,只要说“对不起”或者“对不起,我得离开一下”就可以了。不要详细解释为什么要离开的原因,更不要说“我要上厕所了”之类的话语。(Say \me,\or \me. I'll be right back,\to the restroom)
? 不要大声说话,好像非要全桌的人都必须听你似的;要让其他人也有说话的机会。(Do not talk excessively loudly. Give others equal opportunities for conversation)
? 千万不要在餐桌上擤鼻子或者吐痰。如果你必须做这些,你得先离开餐桌,在隐秘的地方进行。(Refrain from blowing your nose at the table. Excuse yourself from the table if you must do so)
? 在餐桌上不该打饱嗝儿、咳嗽、打哈欠和打喷嚏之类。万一你做了,赶快向大家表示歉意,说“对不起”。( Burping, coughing, yawning, or sneezing at the table should be avoided. If you do so, say, \me.\)
? 坐在餐椅上,不可以没精打采、装聋作哑的样子,也不可把椅子向后倾斜,翘椅子坐。(Never slouch or tilt back while seated in your chair)
? 不可以玩弄食物或者餐具;更不能拿着餐具手舞足蹈地讲话,不能拿餐具指人。(Do not \or point silverware)
? 你可以把你手肘以下的部分放在餐桌上,但是不可把手肘放在餐桌上。(You may rest forearms or hands on the table, but not elbows) ? 餐桌上不可使用手机讲话或者收发短讯,也不该看书和听随身听。只有在早餐的时候可以看报。如果有什么紧急的事必须通话,那也必须先向全桌的人打个招呼,然后离开餐桌才接电话,以免你的讲话影响大家。(Do not talk on your phone or \at the table, or otherwise do something distracting, such as read or listen to a personal music player. Reading at the table is permitted only at breakfast. If an urgent matter arises, apologize, excuse yourself,
and step away from the table so your conversation does not disturb the others)
? 如果有些放到嘴里的东西必须拿出来的话,你必须按照:用什么方式放入嘴的,也用同样的方式拿出来。只有鱼刺可以用手拿出来。(If food must be removed from the mouth for some reason, it should be done using the same method which was used to bring the food to the mouth, i.e. by hand, by fork, etc., with the exception of fish bones, which are removed from the mouth between the fingers) ? 在没有把你自己盘子里的那一份吃完以前,不可以要更多同样的菜。(Before asking for additional helpings, always finish the serving on your plate first)
? 在正式宴会中,男士们在女士进入和离开餐桌的时候都应该起立。(Gentlemen should stand when a lady leaves or rejoins the table in formal social settings)
使用餐具的礼仪:(Using utensils)
? 叉子是用来把块状食物送入嘴里的工具。不要直接用手抓着吃。可以直接用手的食物是:面包,芦笋尖,鸡翅膀,和比萨饼之类。(The fork is used to convey solid food to the mouth. Do not use your fingers unless eating foods customarily eaten as such, such as bread, asparagus spears, chicken wings, pizza, etc)
? 不可把餐具当乐器来玩弄。(Do not make unnecessary noises with utensils)
? 美国式的用叉法是:右手拿刀左手拿叉;右手不拿刀时,可以用右手拿叉。欧洲式的用叉法是:永远用左手拿叉。(The fork may be used either in the \cutting; switch to right hand to pick up and eat a piece) or the European \)
? 除非餐桌上提供专门放刀的刀架以外,在不用餐刀时,餐刀应该平放在远离你的盘子一边,刀口对你自己。不可把刀的一头放在盘子上,另外一头放在餐桌上。(Unless a knife stand is provided, the knife should be placed on the edge of your plate when not in use and should face inward)
? 当你取菜的时候,用餐具从靠近你一边的盘子边缘,向盘子的中心移动来取菜。如果在送上甜点心的时候没有同时附上餐具,那为甜点心所预备的餐具一定已经预先放在你的主菜盘子远离你的一端。(As courses are served, use your silverware from the outside moving inward toward the main plate. Dessert utensils are either above the main plate or served with dessert)
宴席结束时的礼仪:( At the end of the meal)
? 只要你把餐具平行放在盘子中央,餐具柄放在盘子的右侧,叉子口向上,这就是你吃好了一道菜的标准,无论你是否吃完,服务员就会把这个盘子连餐具一起收走。所以不要把用过了的餐具放在餐桌上。
(When you have finished your meal, place all used utensils onto your plate together, on the right side, pointed up, so the waiter knows you have finished. Do not place used utensils on the table) ? 如果你被邀请在餐厅就餐或者参与一个正式的宴会,在结束的时候不要提出把剩余的食物打包回家。虽然主人常常会客气地请客人把剩余的食物带回家,但是作为客人不可先提出要带回家的要求。(Except in a public restaurant, do not ask to take some uneaten food or leftovers home, and never do so when attending a formal dinner. A host may suggest that extra food be taken by the guests, but should not insist)
? 把餐巾放在椅子上,是表示还要回来的意思。轻轻地把餐巾放在你主餐盘的左方,是表示你已经吃完了这整一桌餐了。(Leave the napkin on the seat of your chair only if leaving temporarily. When you leave the table at the end of the meal, loosely place the used napkin on the table to the left of your plate)
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