考研英语真题例句解析

参考翻译：

1、虽然它（新技术的采用导致失业上升）一开始被全球性的经济衰退所引起的失业所掩盖，但到20世纪末，新技术所引起的失业问题可能会构成对社会经济的巨大挑战。

2、我们不会触发某种连锁反应，从而给太阳系之外的星系造成意想不到的影响。

obscure: to conceal or hide by or as if by covering

e.g:The true history has been obscured by legends about what happened.

They accused the company of trying to obscure the fact that the product poses a health risk. set in motion:get going; give impetus to

1、It is extremely wasteful to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession.

2、Now she tends the computerized machinery that turns out high capacity memory chips at the rate of 2,600 per hour.

tend: to have or take charge of as a caretaker or overseer tend用法很多，这里是照料的意思 参考翻译：

1、社会花费大量时间与财力培养合格教师或护士，而她们工作一两年之后便结婚，从此便不再工作，这是多大的浪费啊！

2、现在她照料每小时可生产2600个高容量存储芯片的电脑化机器。

1、A plant follow-up survey showed that one year after the layoffs only 38% of the released workers found new employment at the same or better wages. 2、The AEI (Advanced Electronics Inc) example is only one of hundreds around the country which forge intelligently ahead into the latest technology, but leave the majority of their workers behind.

参考翻译：

1、一家工厂的跟踪调查表明，被解雇的工人中一年后只有38%的人找到了与原工资相等或优于原工资的新工作。

2、在这个国家像高级电子设备公司这样的例子还有几百个，它们进入了最新智能技术阶段，但是将大多数工人都抛在了后面。

第二个句子，有个词组比较关键，forge ahead

forge做动词本来是伪造的意思

但是forge ahead：

1、Make a lot of progress in a short time

e.g:We've been FORGING AHEAD with the work and should be finished well before the deadline.

2、Move forwards very quickly

e.g:She FORGED AHEAD of the other runners and won.

1、In other words, men enter “female” jobs out of the same consideration for personal interest and economic necessity that motivates anyone looking for work.

2、As a group, their work histories differ in most respects from those of their female colleagues, and they are frequently treated differently by the people with whom they are in professional contact.

参考翻译：

1、换句话说，男人干起了“女人干的”工作，其动机是同任何找工作干的人一样，既出于个人的兴趣，也出于经济上需要的考虑。

2、他们这个群体的工作历史在大部分方面与其女性同事不同。他们经常从那些在职业上有接触的人那里得到不同的待遇。

关于第一句： out of 出于....

out of the same consideration 出于同样的考虑

that部分是后置定语，修饰前面的personal interest和economic necessity

、These changes are helping to influence some of the long-standing traditions about the types of work men and women can do -- but they also produce some undeniable problems for the men who are entering those fields formerly dominated by women.

2、The number of men in women-dominated fields is still small and they haven?t attracted the attention that has often followed women advancing into male-dominated fields, but men are moving into more and more jobs that have traditionally been held by women.

参考翻译：

1、这些变化正影响着长期存在的传统观念中关于男女各可以干哪几类工作的看法，但这对于进入原先以妇女为主的领域的男人来说，无疑也带来一些问题。

2、在以女性为主导的领域男性的数量仍然很少，他们也没有像进入以男性为主的领域的女性那样常常得到关注。但是男性正在从事越来越多传统上由女性承担的工作。

第二句里的：

attracted the attention that has often followed women advancing into male-dominated fields

that引导的定语从句，说明是对女性的关注

后半截advancing部分，修饰women

1、And there is also the objection that the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement has radiated.

2、Modern science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.

参考翻译：

1、同时也有人反对说，文化方面的进步，始终是以城市为中心而向外辐射的。

2、当伽利略试图解释事情如何得以发生的，从而引入了现在已是科学研究基本形式的控制实验法时，现代科学应运而生了。 第一个句子很经典，同位语从句+定语从句

that引导的同位语从句，说明objection的内容:the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement has radiated; from which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词core: cultural advancement has radiated from the core;

the city has always been the core from which cultural advancement has radiated. 这个句子如果不好理解和翻译的话，可以分解成两步： the city has always been the core;

cultural advancement has radiated from the core.

城市一直是核心；文化进步从这个核心向外辐射。

第二个句子也是两个从句，when引导的时间状语从句和which引导的定语从句（修饰先行词experiment

1、 He is immediately accepted by the University of his choice, and spends his three or four years becoming a specialist, emerging with a first-class Honour Degree and very little knowledge of what the rest of the world is all about.

2、Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles.

参考翻译：

1、他一毕业马上就被一所他自己选中的大学所接受，再花三、四年时间成为一名专家。结果他以优异的成绩取得荣誉学位，但对外界的一切却几乎一无所知。

2、例如，其自然科学主导西方研究两千年的亚里士多德认为，人类能够通过推理不证自明的原理，达到对现实的了解。

1、Schools often have too restricting an atmosphere, with its time tables and disciplines, to allow him much time for independent assessment of the work he is asked to do.

2、This cold air current from the land is so forceful that it makes the nearby seas the stormiest in the world and renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited.

参考翻译：

1、学校由于受课程表和纪律的约束，气氛往往令人感到过于拘束，使学生没有充分时间对规定要他做的事情有独立的见解。

2、来自大陆的冷气流的强度足以让附近的海洋成为世界上暴风雪最为肆虐的地方，使南极区域成为无法居住的地区，而在地球另一端同样的位置却有人居住。 关于第一个句子：

1、too...to...结构，太而不能，第一个句子关键要把这个地方理解对了

2、renders unlivable those regions whose counterparts at the opposite end of the globe are inhabited

这个句子里，unlivable被提前了，原本应该是这样：renders those regions unlivable 不过为了让whose可以直接修饰先行词regions，所以把unlivable提前了

1.The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised.

2.All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their gigantic scale,existing infrastructure, and proven skills in the management of product ranges,logistics, and marketing intelligence. 句子分析：

1.but前后是两个并列分句。

2.a market 后接了一个定语从句，in which 是引导词，所以 apply sth. in the market是在一起的哦。而 gigantic scale,existing infrastructure, and proven skills 三个是并列的，为apply的宾语。

参考翻译：

1.细节或许尚未可知，但是对于资本市场正常运作至关重要的，准则制定者的独立性正在受到威胁。

2.总的来说，这看来显然是一个大型零售商可以获利的市场。他们利用自己庞大的规模、现有的基础设备、产品系列、物流和销售情报方面的管理技术能来获得经济利润。