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代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词。 一、人称代词是表示\我\、\你\、\他\、\她\、\它\、
\我们\、\你们\、\他们\的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you he him they them 第三人称 she her they them it it they them 如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 It‘s me. 是我。
二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。
数 单数 复数 人称 第一 第二 第三 第一 第二 第三
人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 人称 形容词性 my your his/her its our your/their
物主代词 名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs
物主代词 如: I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。
Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。
三、指示代词表示\那个\、\这个\、\这些\、\那些\等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。
如: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。
四、表示\我自己\、\你自己\、\他自己\、\我们自己\、\你们自己\和\他们自己\等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为\反身代词\。
如: She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。
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解密物主代词
A. 读对话
Miss Green: What are you doing there, boys and girls?
Wendy: We’re cleaning our TV room and getting ready for the party. Millie: I see an exercise book there. Is it Beibei’s? Paul: Yes, it’s hers.
Millie: Whose hats are these? Are they yours? Paul: Yes, they’re ours.
Miss Green: Shh!Listen!I can hear music. Whose radio is it from? Paul: It’s not from mine. It’s from Pinging’s. Hi, Pingping!Is this radio yours?
Pingping: No, it’s not mine. Perhaps it’s Tom’s. Miss Green: What about the clothes? Pingping: They’re Jack’s.
Miss Green (to Jack): Oh, dear! Are the clothes yours or his? Jack: It’s not mine, it’s his. B. 作分析
1. 形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,不能单独使用,只能用在名词之前作定语。例如:
We’re cleaning our TV room...
2. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词 +名词”,能单独使用,在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或者与of结构连用作后置定语。例如:... they’re ours. 各自特点
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1.在名词前已经有物主代词时,不能再用冠词及指示代词。例如: We’re cleaning the our TV room...(?菖) We’re cleaning our TV room...(?菁)
2. 形容词性物主代词可以与其它形容词一起修饰名词,但要放在其它形容词之前。例如:
This is my new radio.
3. 名词性物主代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词要和它所指代的名词的数保持一致。例如:
Her shoes are black. Yours are white.
4. 汉语中经常省去“你的”、“我的”等物主代词,但在英语中不能省去物主代词。例如:
Jeff, put on your coat, please. 杰夫,请穿上大衣。(汉语中省去了“你的”)
5. its, his的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词是同形的,使用时要根据具体情况进行区分。例如:
It’s not mine, it’s his.(his为名词性物主代词) C. 理解填空白
Using: mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs 1. This is my sweater. The sweater is ________. 2. That is his cap. The cap is ________. 3. These are their skirts.
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These skirts are ________. 4. Those are our coats. Those coats are ________. 5. These are your shirts. These shirts are ________. 6. Those are her trousers. Those trousers are ________. D. 代词巧变化
1. This is not your bike. It is ________ (my).
2. Where is Tom?________(he) mother is looking for ________(he). 3. This dress is so beautiful. I like ________ (it) colour. 4. Is that computer ________(you)? No, it not ________(my). 5. You can speak to ________(I). I am ________(they) teacher. 6. Are these my clothes? No,________(you) are on your bed. 7. Is this her car? No, ________(she) is over there. 8. This is not our class. ________(our) is in Building A.
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