(0034)基础语法上复习大纲

4. Let′s meet after lunch; then I′ll take you to your room. (direct, directly) 5. You can eat in my restaurant whenever you like. (free, freely) Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (20%)

A. Combine each group of sentenmes into a single sentence, using coordination, subordination or both. 1. The referee blew his whistle.

The referee called to the team captains. The referee dropped the puck. The referee began the game.

2. The peasant farmers till the Nile Delta.

They still work in the ancient ways of their ancestors. 3. Walden Pond is now the site of many tourists stand. It was once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty. 4. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow. The snow fed two streams.

The streams plunged down to join in the valley below. 5. The three men were all in their twenties. They pleaded not guilty.

B. Rephrase each of the sentences below, using “a factive abstract noun + appositive clause”: 1. It is still believed in some countries that the earth is flat.

2. It is true that the earth is round, and that has been evident to every astronaut.

3. People suspect that smoking has something to do with cancer: this rests on several kinds of evidence.

4. You excuse yourself by saying people keep asking you out, but I cannot accept that. 5. I know that I can always call upon you for support, and that is a great comfort to me.

C. Change the following passive sentences to active structures by using the pronouns one, we, you, or they:

1. It is said that the Foreign Minister has resigned. 2. The instrutions should be read carefully. 3. What language is spoken in South America? 4. He is from Australia and English is spoken there.

5. If a person takes any action, the consequences must be borne.

D. Transform the following finite clauses, if possible, into infinitive constructions:

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1. We went via Worcester so that we could miss the traffic jam. 2. He opened his mouth wide as if he would speak. 3. The man you should consult is Wilson.

4. As we talked of where we should meet, I noticed something unusual in his tone. 5. Is he really a man who can be trusted? Ⅴ. Translate the following into English.(10%) 1. 我才疏学浅，讲不出这种植物的名称。 2. 城里又办起了一所大学。 3. 据说，她能讲几种外国语。 4. 经过认真讨论才得出结论。 5. 大家认为她已经康复。

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（0034）《基础语法上》样题及答案

Ⅰ.1. c 2. c 3. c 4. c 5. d 6. d 7. d 8. a 9. c 10. a

11. b 12. b 13. d 14. c 15. d 16. b 17. b 18. c 19. b 20. b

21. c 22. c 23. c 24. d 25. c 26. b 27. c 28. d 29. d 30. D

Ⅱ. 1. C (改为：many) 2. A (改为：Every)

3. D (改为：his) 4. C (改为：them) 5. A (改为：bad) 6. C (改为：as old as) 7. C (删除：adout) 8. B (改为：eaten) 9. B (改为：have broken） 10. B (改为：was hurrying) 11. B (改为：become) 12. C (改为：rains) 13. B (改为：had failed) 14. C（删去：was）

15. D (删去：was) 16. B (改为：to be surrounded) 17. C (改为：had not attempted) 18. A (改为：If only) 19. C (改为：recognized) 20. D (删去：had)

Ⅲ. A. A, 0, 0; the; some/0, 0, 0, 0, that, the, 0; The, 0/the; The, 0/the, 0, 0, 0, the, 0

B. opend, saw; had...been listening, wondered, had heard; asked, had been doing/was doing,

said, had dropped, had been looking; didn′t see, found, had...dropped, opened; had been taking; were, turned, asked; pulled, ran; recovered, had disappeared; moved, found, had been standing; had been telling.

C. 1. putting 2. to explain, to understand, to say 3. going 4. being 5. biting

6. spending, earning 7. hitting 8. looking into/to be looked into 9. to help, (to) prepare, holding 10. to risk, getting

D. 1. clean 2. clear 3. close 4. directly, direct 5. free

E. 1. with 2. to 3. In 4. at 5. for 6. to 7. under 8. At 9. above, below 10. in, beyond

Ⅳ. A . 1. The peasant farmers who till/tilling the Nile Delta still work in the ancient ways of their

ancestors.

2. Walden Pond, once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty, is now the site of many

tourist stands.

3. The steep surrounding slopes were capped with snow, which fed two streams plunging

down to join in the valley below.

4. If you are curious about the real South, the South you didn't see in “Gone with the

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Wind”, read a book by historian C. Vann Woodward.

5. All in their twenties, the three men pleaded not guilty. B . 1. We should read the instructions carefully.

2. If one takes any action, one must bear the consequences. 3. You must accustom your ear to detecting. 4. Bicycles must not be left.

5. Mary seems to be liked very much by John. C . 1. I expect all my letters to be typed promptly. 2. I would like to be measured for a suit. 3. I expect him to be kept in the picture. 4. I don't mind being criticized by you.

5. She objects to being disturbed when she's reading. D . 1. He was supposed to have completed... 2. He was supposed to be an expert... 3. Who is supposed to look after... 4. You are suposed to know... 5. You are not supposed to have left...

E . 1. We went via Worcester so as to miss the traffic jam. 2. He opened his mouth wide as if to speak. 3. The man to consult is Wilson.

4. As we talked of where to meet, I noticed something unusual in his tone. 5. Is he really a man to be trusted?

Ⅴ. 1. How long ago did you buy the shoes you are wearing? 2. Rome was not built in a day.

3. He made a long speech when I asked a question. 4. It's two years since he left Shanghai. 5. This novel doesn't sell.

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