高三复习之状语从句

状语从句用法总结

1.when 的用法：

①was/were doing something…when…②was/were about to do…when… ③was/were on the point of doing sth... when…④had done…when… ⑤hardly/scarcely…when…(=no sooner…than…) 2.while的用法：

作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。

Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.

while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；相当于although

While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they can’t be solved. 3.as在状语从句中的用法：

a.可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“一边…一边”；随着 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边…一边） As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） b. as引导原因状语从句意为“因为”；

As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. （因为）

c. as引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为“尽管”。(将表语或状语提前) Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管）/Child as he is, he knows a lot. Hard as he worked, he can’t work out the problem.

d. as 可用来引导方式状语从句，表示“正如，按照”

Do in Rome as the Romans do. / Leave things as they are. 4.before引导的时间状语从句

①It will be + 时间段+before+ 一般现在时：要过多久才… It will be five years before we meet again.

②It won’t be long before+ 一般现在时：要不了多久就会… It will not be long before you regret what you have done. ③It was +时间段+before +一般过去时：过了多久才… It was minutes before the police arrived.

④It wasn’t long before+ 一般过去时：没过多久就… It was not long before I realized I was wrong.

⑤before sb could do sth 某人还没来得及做… He had got on the train before I could say goodbye. 5.not……until……考点：

①强调句型：It was not until……that……

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.

②倒装句：not until……助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语…… Not until she stopped crying did I leave. 6.表示“一……就……”的时间状语从句

①as soon as : I will tell him about it as soon as he comes back.

②immediately, directly, instantly : Directly I had done it, I knew I had made a mistake. ③the moment, the minute, the instant : I’ll give him your message the minute he arrives. ④no sooner… than…, hardly/ scarcely/ barely…when…

Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

※一……就……还可以用on /upon doing 结构来表示。

On arriving home he called up Lester. = As soon as he arrived home, he called up Lester. 7.和时间有关的连词引导的从句

next time, the first time, the last time, every /each time, any time等名词可引导从句。 Be sure to call on us next time you come to town. He left me a good impression the first time I met him. ※by the time

by the tine 也可以引导时间状语从句，意为到…… 时为止，主句一般要用完成时态。 By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself. 8.if虚拟条件句, if 虚拟条件句的倒装句式：（用法见虚拟语气） ※if only和only if的对比：

if only 表示但愿，要是……就好了，表示一个不可能实现愿望，要用虚拟语气。only if 表示只有，等于 on condition that，从句用陈述语气 Only if you heat ice, it turns to water.

If only I were you! / If only I had followed your advice! If虚拟条件句常考句式：（例句见虚拟语气）

If it were not for … = without / but for若不是因…（和现在相反） If it had not been for … = without / but for （和过去相反） 9.as或though引导让步状语从句时倒装的情况

as或though从句一般放在主句之前， 常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词 Child though/as he is, he knows a lot.

Much as/though I like, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive. Try as/though he might, he could not find a job.

10.no matter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而 “疑问词+ever”则可以 Whatever you say is of no use now.

11.由 so, so … that, such … that; so that 等引导的结果状语从句 so…that…, such…that…常考句式：①so +adj./adv. +that clause

②so + many/few + 复数名词+that clause； so + much/little+不可数名词+that clause ③ so + adj+ a(n)+单数名词+that clause ④ such+ a(n) +adj+单数名词 +that clause ⑤such+（adj）+复数名词/不可数名词+ that clause He made such rapid progress that the teacher praised him.

It is so good a story that I’ll never forget it. /It is such a good story that I’ll never forget it. So quickly did he run that I couldn’t catch up with him. He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.

He drank so much wine last night that he felt terrible. He gave such important reasons that he was excused. 12.as if, as though引导的方式状语从句

由as if或as though引导的方式状语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。 和现在事实相反，用过去时；

They look rather puzzled as if / though they didn’t know anything about it. 和过去事实相反，用过去完成时; He talked as if he had been to America. 和将来事实相反，用would /could/might+ 动词原形。

She talks about it again and again as if she would never end.（不管主句的谓语动词如何）。

※as if/though 也可用来引导表语从句，通常放在look, seem, sound, feel 等之后。其虚拟语气用法等同于方式状语从句。

It seems as if the man were his brother. /It sounds as if he would never end the speech. We felt as if we had known each other for years.

13. the more..., the more...表示比例的比较，意思是越……就越……

The more you read, the better you understand.= If you read more, you will understand better.） The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them. 表示倍数的三个句型：

①A is…times as +形容词原级+as B.

②A is …times the +抽象名词 of B.（常用名词：age, size, width, length, depth等。） ③A is …times+形容词比较级+than B.

The room is twice the size of that one.= The room is twice as big as that one. The room is twice bigger than that one. ※ 倍数+as +adj+n+as+被比对象

This factory produces four times as many cars as they did last year. 状语从句需注意的几点： 1.状语从句的倒装：

① 否定词位于句首:not until, Hardly … when…, No sooner … than …（例句见6.④） ② so +adj/adv…+ that或such+a(n) +adj +n…+that位于句首； So excited was he that she could not say a word. Such a beautiful girl is she that everyone likes her.

So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him. ③ as / though引导的让步状语从句,将表语（若作表语的名词前有冠词，倒装时需去掉冠词）或状语提到句首

※有时会将动词原形提到句首，句中用情态动词（例句见9） 2.状语从句的省略：

①如果主从句主语一致，从句谓语中又有“be”时，省略从句主语和be。 While still a student, she played many roles. When told the secret, he was surprised. If (you are) asked, you may come in.

②如果主从句主语为it，从句谓语中又有“be”时，省略从句主语和be。 If (it is) necessary / possible ... I’ll explain it to you again.