（江苏专用）2020版高考英语复习 限时组合练 限时训练（九）

限时训练(九)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

话题：书店 ABriefHistoryofWaterstone’s

Waterstone’sisthelargestbookstorechainintheUKandIrelandwith296storesand4,500employees

butitsmarketsharehasrecentlydeclinedandsaleshavebeenpoor.

Thebookmarketsufferedduringtheeconomydeclinesandtheemergenceofnewe-readers，suchastheAmazonKindle，waspullingmorecustomersawayfromthehighstreet.

A&NNwillpayforWaterstone’sintwoparts￡

，

oneof

￡

40millionandoneof

，，，

难度：★ 13million.ThedealwillonlycompleteifHMVcanrenegotiateitsbankfacilities

thoughHMVsaysthebanksaresupportiveofthesale.Pensiontrusteesandthepensionsregulatoralsohavetoapprove.

HMVchiefexecutiveSimonFoxsaidA&NNwouldbeagoodhomeforWaterstone’s

，

whilethesalewillreduceborrowingsandenableHMVtofocusonplansfortransformingthebusinessintoabroad-basedentertainmentbusiness.

A&NNwillappointJamesDauntasmanagingdirectorofWaterstone’soncethedealcompletes.MrDauntcurrentlyrunsDauntBooks

asmallchainofLondon-basedbookshopshefoundedin1990.

，

Waterstone’sfounderTimWaterstoneopenedhisfirststorein1982atatimewhenfellowbookloverswerepresentedwithfewoptionsonthehighstreet.ThetopbooksellerwasWHSmith，MrWaterstone’sformeremployerofeightyearsbeforehewasdismissedwhichhefeltwasfailingtogointoabroadmarketofliteraturefans.

ThefirststorewasopenedinOldBromptonRoad

andtheformerbanker’sintuitionwascorrectasthechainwentfromstrengthtostrength.

MrWaterstone

，

whohaswrittenfournovels

，，，

sawarecoveryinthemarketdrivenbydemandfortheworksofanewwaveofliterarystarsincludi

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ngSalmanRushdie，IanMcEwan，JohnBanvilleandMartinAmis.Havingfoundedthefirmwithhis￡6,000，MrWaterstonesoldthechaintohisformeremployerWHSmithin1993for￡47million. 语篇解读 本文讲述了连锁书店Waterstone’s的变迁。 1.Accordingtothepassage

whoisthemostlikelytobethemanagingdirectorofWaterstone’sinthenearfuture? A.MrWaterstone. C.JamesDaunt. 答案 C 解

析

细

节

理

解

题

。

根

据

第

五

段

第

一

句

B.JohnBanville. D.SimonFox.

，

“A&NNwillappointJamesDauntasmanagingdirectorofWaterstone’soncethedealcompletes.”可知C项正确。

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intuition”meaninthepassage? A.Instinctiveknowledge. C.Calmconsideration. 答案 A 解析

词义猜测题。根据

intuition

所在的段落中的

B.Mentalimage. D.Indirectsuggestion.

“asthechainwentfromstrengthtostrength”以及全文语境可知intuition表示的是银行家的“直觉”，故选A项。

B

话题：失眠

AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicinesuggeststhatgettingoutofbedwhenyoucan’tsleepmightpreventyoursleeplessnightfrombecomingchronicinsomnia(慢性失眠).

Aftermonitoringthesesleephabitsof416participantsforoneyear

，

难度：★★ researchersfoundthatnightowlswhorestrictedtheirtimeinbedweremorelikelytosleepsoundlyoncetheydidfallasleep.Thosewhoremainedinbedwhentheycouldn’tsleepontheotherhand，weremorelikelytodevelopchronicinsomnia.

Whilethisadvicemayseemcounterintuitiveatfirst

，，

itmakessenseonceyouunderstandwhatcausesyoursleeplessness.“Thosewithinsomniatypicallyextendtheirsleepopportunity，”saidMichaelPerlis，PhD.“Theygotobedearly，getoutofbedlate

，

andtheynap.Whilethisseemsareasonablethingtodo

，，

2

andmaywellbeintheshortterm

theprobleminthelongertermisthatitcreatesamismatchbetweentheindividual’scurrentsleepabilityandtheircurrentsleepopportunity

；

thisfuelsinsomnia.”Theseseeminglyharmlesshabitscouldbecausingyourinsomnia，too.

“Soifyou’restrugglingtofallasleepatnight

，

trygettingoutofbedandusingthattimetoreadabookorwriteinajournal.Notonlycouldyoufallasleepinjustanhour

，

butyouwillalsodosofasterandsleepbetterthanifyouhadjuststayedinbed，”PerlistoldRealSimple.“Andtrytoresisttheurgetotakeanaporsleepinthenextday

poweringthroughcanhelpyoufallasleepthefollowingnight.”

；

语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，失眠时不应强迫自己入睡，最好的做法是起床做点其他的事，这样可以预防慢性失眠。 3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterintuitive”inParagraph3mean? A.Contrarytocommonbelief. B.Unlikeanythingelse. C.Similartofirstreaction. D.Beyondwildestimagination. 答案 A 解析

词义猜测题。根据第三段内容和画线词所在句

，

“Whilethisadvicemayseemcounterintuitiveatfirst

itmakessenseonceyouunderstandwhatcausesyoursleeplessness.”可知，尽管一开始你可能会觉得这条建议违反常理，但一旦你明白失眠的原因就会觉得它(这条建议)合乎情理。由此可推知，画线词和makesense应表达相反的意思。所以“counterintuitive”意为“(想法、提议等)违反常理的”，和“contrarytocommonbelief”意思相近。故选A。 4.WhatdoesPerlisadviseforasleeplessnight? A.Getoutofbed. C.Keepwideawake. 答案 A

解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Soifyou’restrugglingtofallasleepatnight，trygettingoutofbedandusingthattimetoreadabookorwriteinajournal.”可知，Perlis建议失眠时起床做其他的事。故选A。

5.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext? A.Topromoteahealthylifestyle. B.Tointroduceanewfinding.

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B.Remaininbed. D.Takeanap.

C.Toencouragesimilarstudy.

D.Todiscussthecauseofsleeplessness. 答案 B

解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于失眠的新研究，即失眠时最好的做法是起床做其他的事。由此可知，作者写本文的目的是向读者介绍这项研究的内容。故选B。

C

话题：细菌

Ifyou’remakingresolutionsforahealthiernewyear

，

难度：★★★ consideragutmakeover.Refashioningthecommunityofbacteriaandothermicrobeslivinginyourintestinaltract

，

collectivelyknownasthegutmicrobiome

，

couldbeagoodlong-terminvestmentinyourhealth.

Trillionsofmicrobialcellsinhabitthehumanbodyoutnumberinghumancellsby10tooneaccordingtosomeestimates

，，

andgrowingevidencesuggeststhatthericharrayofintestinalmicrobiotahelpsusprocessnutrientsinthefoodsweeat

，

bolsterstheimmunesystemanddoesallsortsofoddjobsthatpromotesoundhealth.Adiminishedmicrobialecosystem

，

ontheotherhand

，，，，

isbelievedtohaveconsequencesthatextendfarbeyondtheintestinaltractaffectingeverythingfromallergiesandinflammationmetabolicdiseaseslikediabetesandobesity

evenmentalhealthconditionslikedepressionandanxiety.

Muchofthecompositionofthemicrobiomeisestablishedearlyinlife

，

shapedbyforceslikeyourgeneticsandwhetheryouwerebreast-fedorbottle-fed.Microbialdiversitymaybefurtherunderminedbythetypicalhigh-calorieAmericandiet，richinsugar，meatsandprocessedfoods.Butanewstudyinmiceandpeopleaddstoevidencethatsuggestsyoucantakestepstoenrichyourgutmicrobiota.Changingyourdiettoonecontainingavarietyofplant-basedfoods

，

thenewresearchsuggests

，

maybecrucialtoachievingahealthiermicrobiome.

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