仁爱版八年级英语Unit 1知识点归纳

Unit 1 Sports and Games

Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball ?

一·重点词组

1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间

2. between…and… 在两者之间(三者及三者以上之间用among)

3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油 cheer sb.up=make sb.happy 让某人高兴起来 4. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 5. quite a bit/a lot 很多 6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事

7 have a basketball game 进行一场篮球赛. have a skating club举办滑雪俱乐部 8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足 9. arrive in(大）/at（小）=get to =reach 到达

注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home 10. play against… 与……对抗/较量 play for 为......效力 11. both…and…. “……和……(两者)都”;

(连接主语时,谓语动词用复数.Both Jim and I are 16 years old.） 12. leave for… 动身去… leave ...for ...离开....去... 13. the day after tomorrow 后天 14.grow up 长大成人，成长

15.have a dream about/of...做了一个关于...的梦

16. play baseball /basketball /volleyball/table tennis 打棒球/篮球/排球/乒乓球 17. at least 至少 at most 最多

18. be good at/do well in/be strong in doing sth. =do sth. pretty well 善于做某事 19. take(an active) part in =join in=be in （积极） 参加/出席某个活动

join sb.in doing sth. “和某人在一起做某事” join + 组织 “加入某个组织 20. all over/around/throughout the world 全世界 21. be good/bad for 对……有益/害

22. a good way to do sth. 一种做某事的好方法

23. make sth/sb + adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态 (make ... stong/sick) keep sth/sb + adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态 (keep ... fit/healthy/ active /clean and fresh ) 24. relax oneself 放松某人自己 25. give up (doing )sth.放弃(做)某事 二·重点句型

1.I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.

see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程或经常反复发生；.see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.

如: I often see him draw pictures near the river. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路.

I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.]

2.. I want to be a doctor when I grow up.

1)want to do sth.=would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth.“想做某事” want sb. to do sth“想让某人做某事”

.如： People want to live on the moon some day.人们想有一天能住在月球上。 He wants me to help him with his lessons.他想让我帮他学习功课。

2)when “当......的时候”，引导时间状语从句，若要表达一般将来时，该用一般现在时态表达。

如：We will go for a picnic, when it doesn't rain tomorrow.

3.. What’s your favorite sport? = What sport/What kind of sports/ Which sport do you like best?

4.. Which sport do you prefer，cycling or rowing? = Which sport do you like better?，cycling or rowing ?

prefer“宁愿、更喜欢”，常于两者之间的选择，prefer +n./pron./doing sth./to do sth.;

prefer (doing)sth.to.(doing) sth.=like (doing) sth. better than (doing) sth.

prefer to do sth.rather than do sth=would rather do sth, than do sth. “宁愿…，不愿…”，“喜欢…而不喜欢…”.

如：Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? I prefer walking to cycling. My brother likes maths, but I prefer English..

5.. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate?

6. She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day. (=It takes her half an hour to do exercise in the gym every day.)

1) exercise 表“锻炼/运动”时, 为不可数名词; 表“练习”或有定语修饰时, 为可数名词.

如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. Please do the exercises at once. Walking is good exercise.

do/take exercise =do/have sports 做运动 do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操

2）Sb.. spend...(in) doing sth/on sth..某人在做某事上花费/某事上花费..... It takes sb. s.t. to do sth.做某事花去某人一段时间。 Sb.pay(s) s.m. for sth. 某人为某物支付一些钱。 Sth. cost(s) sb. s.m. 某物花费某人一些钱。

Sb. buy(s) sth. for s.m. 某人买某物花了一些钱。 eg. The book cost me 100 yuan.（同义句） =I spent 100 yuan on/buying the book. =I paid 100 yuan for the book. =I bought the book for 100 yuan.

7.They will stay in Beijing for a week(提问）. → How long will they stay in Beijing?

. how long “多久(时间)”; 提问 \时间段\“多久（时间）”，提问“for+段时间”；how often “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.

如：She will be back from London in a week.→How soon will she be back from London ?

He plays basketball twice a week. → How often does he play basketball? 8..Liu Xiang is one of the fastest runners in the world.

one of “……之一”。常用在“one of + 最高级 +名词复数”结构中。 如：Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.

9.:There will be a sports meeting next weekend. = There is going to be a sports meeting this weekend. 三·重点语法 一般将来时：

（一）be going to 结构:

①表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思（be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践）。 如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.

②表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。 如：Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.

（二） will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year…)等连用。will not = won’t; 缩略形式为’ll.

1.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。

如：a. ----Please put your things away, Tom. ----I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. b. ----Would you like coffee or tea? --I will have a cup of tea,please. c. Don’t worry. I’ll help you.

2.表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。

如： I’m sure our team will win next time. Maybe she will go to the gym. 3.表示许诺。如： I’ll do better next time. I’ll visit you tomorrow. 句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon. 否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.

一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon? 回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they won’t.

（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.

如： I’m coming. He is leaving for Shanghai. We are going to Beijing. （四）if(如果)，when(当...的时候)，until (直到……为止; 句中动词一般为延续性动词) ,not..until...(直到...才...;句中动词一般为短暂性动词),as soon as(一...就...)，before(在...之前)，after(在...之后）等引导状语从句，若要表达一般将来时，该用一般现在时态表达。

如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock. .He won’t leave until his father comes .

(五）There be 句型的一般将来时为There will be.../There is /are going to be... 如：There will be a soccer game in our school tomorrow afternoon.

Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me? 一、重点词组:

1.have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做…….中获得乐趣”

2.fall ill 病倒了 be ill/sick 生病的 a sick man 一位病人 become sick 生病 3.be a little far from… 离……有点远 be near/close to 离...近

4.right away = at once=in a minute 立刻;马上 5.miss a good chance 错过一个好机会 6.get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分 7.shame on sb. 为某人感到羞耻

8.do/try one’s best to do sth. =try to do sth. 尽某人的力做某事 try doing sth.试图做某事

9.say sorry/no/hello/goodbye to sb. 对某人说抱歉/不/问好/告别 10.be sure to do sth. =be sure that +句子 确定做某事 11.be angry with sb about sth.… 关于某事生某人的气 12.with one’s help = with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下 13.serve food 上菜

14.turn up/down调高/低（音量）turn on /down 开/关（水龙头、收音机、电灯等） 15.keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事

keep/stop/prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep on doing sth.继续做某事

16.in a minute =at once=right away =right now 立即；马上

17.on the phone =by phone 在电话中(交谈）；打电话的方式 18.take a seat =sit down 就坐 19.practice doing sth.练习做某事

20.a lot of traveling 一系列旅行

21.be ready for sth.为某事做好准备 be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事 22.have a very exciting life过着非常兴奋的生活 （have/live a /an+adj.+life过着...的生活） 23.as well 也

24.throw…into… 把……投进……

25.follow/obeybreak the rules 遵守/违背规则 （follow/take one's advice 听从某人的建议） 26.over a century later 一个多世纪后 27.more and more 越来越多

28.(sb.)feel tired (人）感到疲劳 (sth.) be tiring (事物 )令人疲劳的 (类似的: excited / exciting ；interested /interesting...) 29.instead of… 替代……

30.make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份计划 31.build up 增进;增强 32.do one's homework 做作业

33.be necessary for… 对于…是必不可少的 be important to/for对...来说是重要的 二.重点句型

1.Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?

2.Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me?

Would you mind(one's) doing sth/ if sb. do(es) sth.? Of course not./ Not at all./Certainly not.

Would you mind not doing sth?Sorry, I'll do it right away.