关于高考英语科启用语篇型语法填空题的研究

求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。

四、对语篇型语法填空题的研究 1. 研究目的和方法

本研究主要采用定量研究方法，辅之以定性研究，数据来源为考生答卷和问卷调查。研究人员通过统计分析和文本分析，检查、核实设计要求的落实情况，了解目标考生、评卷教师对新题型的认识，以期找出该题型在具体实施中可能存在的问题及解决方法。

为了研究两种语篇类型在考试实施中的情况，将两篇语篇（一篇为短文，另一篇为对话）分别编入了两套试卷。两套试卷中设计若干共用试题，包括一篇以考查词汇知识为主的完形填空、两篇阅读理解和一篇书面表达，这有助于命题者了解语篇型语法填空题与现有考查内容之间的关系，并在一定程度上核实该题型的考查内容。试测时，将两套试卷均分发给4个省份、8所中学的2375名刚进入高三年级的学生。这些学生在完成测试后还填写了调查问卷，回答有关试题难度、答题时间等方面的问题。

2．研究中使用的两个语篇及答案 （1）短文体

One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career (职业). 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it; 9 I don't like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.

短文中设有10个空，其中7个给出了提示词，考生需要根据句意使用恰当的词填空，且词性和词形要正确；另外3个空没有给出任何提示，考生需要根据语篇逻辑填空；填入的单词数量不得多于3个。各题答案如下：

1. sayings 2. whatever 3. acceptance 4. Actually 5. married 6. have been 7. beginning 8. different 9. if 10. earlier （2）对话体 Mum: (putting on her coat) I'm going to have to go down to the shop for more bread. Alan: Why? Mum: I'm not sure what 1 (happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table 2 I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because they're 3 (go). Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. I'm sure he was in the kitchen 4 (early). Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished 5 (make) them, so he couldn't have done it. 6 , he couldn't carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so I'm sure 7 wasn't him. Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasn't me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of 8 fridge? Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I 9 (put) them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my 10 . Now, why did I put on my coat? 对话中设有10个空，其中5个给出了提示词，考生需要根据句意使用恰当的词填空；另外5个没有给出任何提示，考生需要根据语篇逻辑填空；填入的单词数量不得多于3个。各题答案如下： 1. happened 2. when 3. gone 4. earlier 5. making 6. Anyway 7. it 8. the 9. must have put 10. mind/memory 3．研究内容及结果 （1）试题的信度和效度 正式评卷前，评卷教师需要对所有需人工评阅的试题进行试评，即先行评阅几百份试卷，以对已确定的答案进行审核，并找出其他可接受的答案。正式考试评分时则采取客观评分法，严格按照试评后确