移动式枝桠粉碎机设计说明书

北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)

移动式枝桠粉碎机设计

机械设计制造及其自动化06-1 肖志远

指导教师：刘毅

摘要

随着社会经济的发展，园林绿化面积不断扩大，由此而产生的废残树枝等园林养护剩余物的数量也大量增加。现代的处理方法是将它切碎，并经发酵处理，制成有机复合肥。本课题所设计的移动式枝桠粉碎机主要用于粉碎园林绿化剩余物,要求其体积小,结构简单,移动方便和便于操作,因此在结构设计上有其特殊性.

本机的机架、上盖都采用了铸件，降低了整机的重心；发动机和主轴之间通过皮带传动，缓和了载荷冲击；主轴通过两个圆锥滚子轴承与机架连接；刀盘和主轴之间采用平键联接；飞刀用垫块和螺栓固定。机架上配置有车轮,可以由牵引机械带动,适合用于城市绿化剩余物和伐区小径级木材的加工.

关键词:移动式枝桠粉碎机，园林绿化，削片机，木材加工

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北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)

The Design of Mobile branch chipper

Mechanical Design, Manufacturing and Automation 06-1 Xiao Zhi-yuan

Supervisor： Liu Yi

Abstract

With the social and economic development, people's environmental awareness and landscaping requirements continue to strengthen and gardening expand, The park maintenance surplus such as waste branch also is multiplied. The traditional approach is the burning of broken branches, landfill, not only cause environmental pollution, but also can not make full use of resources. The modern branch processing method is cutting it to pieces and after fermentation processing, make it to fertilizer. It can be used in the gardening applying fertilizer or in the agriculture, turning waste into wealth. The topics are designed mainly for mobile branches mill residues such as gardening crush smaller branch wood or wood chips, Requirements of its small size, simple structure, easy to move and easy to operate, therefore there is specialty in the design of structure.

The machine's rack, about the top head has used the casting to reduce the machine's center of gravity, Strengthened the stability of complete machine effectively; Between the engine and the main axle adopts the belt transmission to relax the load impact, reduced the harm of overload which brings for the major component such as fly cutter；The connection of main axle and rack is two circular cone roller, to prevent the main axle have great beating; The connection of cutter head and main axle is flat key, Coordinates closely；The fly cutter uses the bolt and cushion to be fixed, Reliable and stable, The fly cutter stretches out the quantity to be able to adjust，And advantageous for disassembling and the replacement. Rack is equipped with wheels, can be driven by the traction machine，Suitable to use in the urban green residues and the trail level lumber processing.

Key words: mobile branch chipper, landscaping, chipper, wood processing

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北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)

目录

1 绪论 ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1课题研究背景，目的及其意义 ··································································································· 1 1.2 枝桠粉碎机的分类特点及其工作原理 ····················································································· 1 1.3 国内外枝桠粉碎机的发展现状和趋势 ····················································································· 3 1.4 选题的设计思想，设计方法及改进 ························································································· 4 1.5 预期结果 ····································································································································· 5 2 移动式枝桠粉碎机的总体设计 ...................................................................................... 6 2.1 枝桠粉碎机设计任务 ·················································································································· 6 2.2 普通盘式枝桠粉碎机的结构 ······································································································ 6 2.3盘式枝桠粉碎机的削片原理 ······································································································· 8 2.4本章小结 ····································································································································· 10 3 主要技术参数的确定和计算 ....................................................................................... 11 3.1 生产能力的确定 ························································································································ 11 3.2 飞刀数量的确定 ························································································································ 11 3.3切削力的计算 ····························································································································· 12 3.3.1主切削力的理论分析与计算································································································ 12 3.3.2主切削力的经验公式 ··········································································································· 14 3.4切削功率的计算 ························································································································· 19 3.4.1 切削功率的计算 ·················································································································· 19 3.4.2 空载功率的计算 ·················································································································· 20 3.5飞刀伸出量的确定 ····················································································································· 21 3.6 本章小结 ···································································································································· 21 4 主要部件的设计计算 ................................................................................................ 22 4.1刀盘结构设计及尺寸的确定 ······································································································ 22 4.2主轴的结构设计 ························································································································· 23 4.2.1 轴的最小直径计算 ·············································································································· 23 4.2.2轴的结构设计 ······················································································································ 24 4.3 滚动轴承的选择 ························································································································ 25

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北京林业大学本科毕业论文(设计)

4.4 带传动的计算 ···························································································································· 25 4.5 键连接的设计 ···························································································································· 29 4.5.1带轮与输入轴间键的选择及校核 ······················································································· 29 4.5.2输出轴与齿轮间键的选择及校核 ······················································································· 29 4.6 进料槽的设计 ···························································································································· 29 4.7 飞刀的设计 ································································································································ 29 4.8 机架的设计 ································································································································ 30 4.9 箱体结构设计 ···························································································································· 31 4.10 本章小结 ·································································································································· 31 5 主要部件的校核和验算 ............................................................................................. 32 5.1 主轴强度的校核 ························································································································ 32 5.1.1求轴上的载荷 ······················································································································ 32 5.1.2按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度 ···························································································· 33 5.1.3 精确校核轴的疲劳强度 ·········································································································· 33 5.2 滚动轴承的校核 ························································································································ 36 5.3 车轮轴的校核 ···························································································································· 37 5.4 本章小结 ···································································································································· 38 结论 ........................................................................................................................ 39 致谢 ........................................................................................................................ 40 参考文献 .................................................................................................................. 41 附录 ........................................................................................................................ 42

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