高中英语语法分类按专题按考点总结加配套练习 形容词和副词 - 图文

高中英语语法通霸，适合高三复习，也适合高一高二学生学习

第2讲 指示代词

指示代词一般指：this, that, these和those 考点1. This, that

this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。

I want to tell you this, the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.

He hurt his leg yesterday. That‘s why he didn‘t come 1. 【2007浙江】—He got his first book published. It

turned out to be a bestseller. —When was _____?

—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It 2. 【2008辽宁】—Could you tell me how to get to

Victoria Street?

—Victoria Street? __ is where the Grand Theatre is. A. Such B. There C. That D. This 考点2. that 指代前面提到的名词，后总是伴随着限制性的后置修饰语

that可以代指可数名词也可代指不可数名词。

it和that都替代\单数名词（可数或不可数）\，都是特指，但it指前面提到的\同一\事物，而that是指前面提到的\同类\事物。如：

①【2001全国】The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which

②【1999全国】Few pleasures can equal______ of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some B. any C. that D. those

「分析」①选B, 因为指的同一事物。②选C 。that替代the pleasure，与前面提到的同属\快乐的事\，但却是不同的事。

如果前面名词是可数名词复数时，要用those而不用that。

3. 【2005江苏】 I'm moving to the countryside because

the air there is much fresher than________ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those 4. Our furniture is much cheaper than ______ you

bought last year .

A. one B. ones C. that D. those 5. 【2008全国I】 The English spoken in the United

States is only slightly different from ___ spoken in England.

A. which B. what C. that D. the one 6. 【2009全国I】One of the most important questions

they had to consider was of public health. A. what B. this C. that D. which 7. 【2009江苏】Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with __ of their parents. A. those B. one C. both D. that 8. 【2012浙江】Studying Wendy's menu , I found that

many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald's .

A. those B. ones C. any D. all

第3讲 不定代词

没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词，常用的不定代词如下：

all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few, little, many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some以及由 some, any, no, very 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词

考点1. one不可指代不可数名词

1. 【2011重庆】——Silly me! I forget what my luggage

looks like.

——What do you think of ______ over there? A. the one B. this C. it D. that 2. Our furniture is much cheaper than ______ you

bought last year .

A. one B. ones C. that D. those

考点2. one作同位语

3. 【2002全国】Meeting my uncle after all these years

was an unforgettable moment，______ I will always treasure.

A. that B. one C. it D. what 4. For Tim this was the beginning of a new life, ____ he

thought he would never see.

A. what B. that C. one D. it 5. ------ Can I help you?

------ I‘d like to buy a gift for my mother, ____ at a proper price but of great use.

A. that B. one C. anyone D. everything 考点3. one, it, ( the one, the ones)的区别

在指代时，one可以替换为：a+名词, 而it指特定

如果说学习有捷径可走，那么它就是勤奋；如果说知识就是力量，那么它就是实践。 的某一个，相当于the+名词 6. 【2000全国】-Why don't we take a little break？ -Didn't we just have ________ ？ A. it B. that C. one D. this 7. 【2011福建】We have various summer camps for your holidays, you can choose ____ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 8. 【1992全国】Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _______ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others 9. 【2005江西】Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious ____ than mobile phones do. A．one B．ones C．it D．those 10. 【2005浙江】 We‘ve been looking at the houses but haven‘t found _________ we like yet. A. one B．ones C．it D．them 11. 【2007陕西】—There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ? —No, I‘d rather buy in the bookstore. A .it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it 考点4. each, every表示“每一”时的区别 ① 从数量上：each用于两个或两个以上的人或物， 而every用于三个或三个以上的人或物。也就是说，只有两个时，必须用each, 三个及三个以上时，用each和every都行。） Each/Every student has a computer. ② 从意义上：each侧重于个体，强调―每一个‖, 而every侧重于整体，强调 ―全部‖。 Each student has a computer. 每个学生都有台电脑。 Every student has a computer. 所以的学生都有台电脑 ③ 从词性上：every只能作形容词，而each可做代词和形容词和副词。 Each boy has eaten one apple. (each为形容词) Each of them has eaten one apple. （each为代词） They each have eaten one apple. （each为代词，作同位语） They have eaten one apple each. （each为副词） 改错： ①There are many tall trees on every side of the road. ②Every of the students in our class has a dictionary. 改为： ①把every改为each, 因为路只有两条边，而every用于三者及三者以上。 ②把Every 改为Each，或在Every后加one。 12. 【2012上海】When he took his gloves off, I noticed that one had his name written inside. A. each B. every C. other D. another 考点5. any, either表示“任何一个”时的区别 ① any表示―任何‖的意思, 用于三者及三者以上。 Any child can do that.（定语） You may take any of them.（宾语） ② either是―两者中任何一个‖的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。 如：Here are two pens. You may take either of them.（宾语） ③ 有时，either可以与each相互换。 There are many trees on either/each side of the road. 13. 【2008全国】 —Which of the two computer games did you prefer? —Actually I didn‘t like _____. A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of them 14. 【2008上海】 Do you want tea or coffee? ____, I really don‘t mind. A. none B. neither C. either D. or 15. 【2009陕西】Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn‘t answer_____ of them. A. other B．any C．none D．some 16. 【2010重庆】He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _______ of them again. A. neither B. either C. each D. all 考点6. neither, both与 all；none，(both与all表示部分否定) ① both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用neither。如： Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。 Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。 ② all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。如： Not all the ants go out for food.(or: All the ants don‘t go out for food.) 并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。 None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。 ③ 另外，neither是―两者中没有一个‖的意思，可以做形容词，修饰或代替单数可数名词，它所修饰的名词用单数形式，后面的谓语也用单数形式。如Neither boy knows French. 17. 【1998全国】 —Can you come on Monday or Tuesday ? —I‘m afraid ____day is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any 18. 【2006浙江】If you can‘t decide which of the two books to borrow, why don‘t you take ______? I won‘t Nothing is possible for a willing heart. (心之所愿，无所不成) A bold attempt is half success. (勇敢的尝试，是成功的一半) 3 高中英语语法通霸，适合高三复习，也适合高一高二学生学习

read them this week.

A. all B. any C. either D. both 19. ____ of them do not drink wine. A bottle will be

enough.

A. No B. None C. All D. Every one 20. 【2012全国新课标】Larry asks Bill and Peter to go

on a picnic with him, but_ of them wants to, because they have work to do.

A. either B. any C. neither D. none 21. 【2012重庆】—John, when shall we meet again,

Thursday or Friday?

—___________.I‘ll be off to London then.

A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None 考点7. none, no one, nobody的区别

24. 【2008浙江】–I‘d like some more cheese.

–Sorry, there‘s ______ left.

A. some B. none C. a little D. few 25. 【2009上海】–Wow! You‘ve got so many clothes.

--But _____ of them are in fashion now. A. all B. both C. neither D. none 26. 【2012江西】My brother would like to buy a good

watch but was available from that shop. A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither 27. ------ Did you have any trouble with the customers?

------ ____ to speak of.

A. None B. Neither C. Nothing D. No 考点8. another, other, others, the other, the others，the rest

① no one，nobody只指人，nothing 指没有什么事物，① ―the other +名词复数‖ (或用the others) 表示―其余none 兼指人和物。 的全部……‖；―other + 复数名词（或用others）泛

指―其他的（别的）人或物‖（并不有意强调全部）。 ② 用作主语时，no one 、nobody后的谓语动词一般

如： 用单数, 按传统语法，两者之后均不能接 of 短

Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens) 语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用

are yellow. 单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可

Some are singing, and others are dancing.（others泛指用单数也可用复数形式。None后可跟of短语。

其余的，指其余的绝大部分。暗示可能有极少数既如：No one （Nobody） knows. 谁也不知道。

没唱歌也没跳舞。如果用the others则只剩余的全 No one （Nobody） likes it. 没人喜欢它。

部，表示其余的无一例外都在跳舞。）

③ none 往往暗示有一定的范围（这种范围通常就表

some…, some…, some…, others…，意为―一些……

现在其后的 of 短语上），着眼于数量概念，\特

一些……一些‖。

指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有\。而 no one 或 nobody 则不暗示这种范围，即指―谁都没② the other 强调剩下的这一个，此时只有一个；常出

现在one…the other中, 用于两者之间。如：He got 有。

two books; one is a textbook, the other is a novel. 体会下面的两组对话：

也可用于其它表示―只剩下这一个‖的情况。如：

A：Did any of your friends come to see you? 你的

There were three boys in the classroom. One is Tom,

朋友当中有谁来看过你吗?

another is John, and the other is Ken.

B：None. 一个也没来。 another修饰或代替单数可数名词，用于―三个或三A：Did anyone come to see you? 有人来看过你吗? 个以上‖，指代剩下的两个或两个以上中的一个。 B：No one （Nobody）. 谁也没来 This coat is too dark. Please show me another.（宾语，④ 在回答 how many 或 how much 的提问时，通常用 none，而在回答 who 的提问时，通常用 no one 或 nobody。体会：

A：How many English books have you read? 你读过多少本英文书?

B：None. 一本也没读。

A：How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱?

B：None. 一分也没给。

A：Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影了? B：No one 【Nobody】. 谁也没去。 22. ------ How many elephants did you see?

------ ____.

A. None B. No one C. Nothing D. Not many 23. –Who was in the building when the fire broke out?

–____.

A. None B. No one C. Not any one D. Not anybody.

外衣总数为为三件及三件以上。除去这个外衣之外，剩下的起码有两件；如果只剩一件的话，就要用the other。）

one … another/a second… a third…the other…常用语列举，意为―一个……一个……一个……一个‖用于三者或三者以上的排列。

③ another还可表示―再，又‖。（参看： P16 many more + 名词，much more + 名词，与another） ④ the rest既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词, 而another, other, others, the other(s)只能代替可数名词。 ⑤ else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后。如： Did you see anybody else? 你还看见别的人吗？ Who else was at the party? 聚会上还有谁 ⑥ each other, one another(相互), 按传统语法，each other 指两者；而 one another 指三者或三者以上。但在现代英语中，两者常可互换。如：

如果说学习有捷径可走，那么它就是勤奋；如果说知识就是力量，那么它就是实践。 You should help each other [one another]. 你们应该互相帮助。 We know each other‘s [one another‘s] weak points. 我们都彼此了解对方的缺点。 ⑦ one after another(一个接一个), 如：I'm not surprised he's feeling ill - he was eating one ice-cream after another! ⑧ ―any other ＋单数名词‖(别的 / 其他的任何一个) Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. ⑨ one way or another 以某种方式；无论如何。Everyone at the party was related ( in ) one way or another. These bills have to be paid one way or another. 28. 【2011陕西】-Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? - ____ one? A. Other B. Every C. Another D. More 29. 【2000全国】If you want to change for a double room you‘ll have to pay_____$ 15. A. another B. other C. more D. each 30. 【2010安徽】You are the team star! Working with ________is really your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other 31. 【2009重庆】Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in _____way or another for the better. A. any B. one C. every D. either 32. 【2010全国1】I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and ________ half learning drawing. A. another B. the other C. other‘s D. other. 33. 【2005上海】No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of___. A. others B. the other C. either D. another 34. I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ________ in two days? A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others ③ something of a（an）+n表示―可以说是一个……‖的意思。 Dr. James is a scholar and something of a philosopher. 詹姆斯博士是个学者，也可以说是个不错的哲学家。 联系: He isn‘t much of a cook 35. 【2008山东】Make sure you‘ve got the passports and tickets and _____ before you leave. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 36. 【2007 重庆】Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly _______ left in the house. A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something 37. ____ of us can do everything, but all of us can do ____. A. None, something B. Some, everything C. Few, something D. Few, nothing 38. 【2011湖南】I know that _____ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 39. 【2011四川】There is _____ in his words. We should have a try. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 考点10. anyone , someone，和everyone 40. 【2005全国1】We haven‘t enough books for ___; some of you will have to share . A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 41. 【2005湖北】First , it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from _____. A. everyone else B．the other C．someone else D．the rest 42. 【2005安徽】I don‘t think we‘ve met before. You‘re taking me for ______. 考点9. something, everything, nothing, anything A. some other B. someone else C. other person D. one other ① something意为―重要的人物‖, 相当于 somebody。 She thinks she‘s something since she won the beauty 43. 【2007上海】The mayor has offered a reward of contest. $ 5000 to ___ who can capture the tiger alive or dead. 选美比赛得了奖，她就自以为了不起了。 A. both B. others C. anyone She acts as if she were something since she won the prize. 考点11. everyone 与every one 自从获奖以来她就表现得自命不凡了。 everyone是一个词，只用来指人，等于 everybody，在联系：He thinks he is somebody but he is nobody. 它后面不能跟介词of； every one是两个词，既可用来他自以为了不起，实际他一文不名。 指人，也可用来指物，等于each one，后面可跟介词② something还可表示“重要的事物”。 of。请看以下例句： These paintings were really something. ① Everyone of the children likes this game.（误） 这些画确实出色。 每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。 I think you may have something there. Every one of the children likes this game.（正） 我认为在那方面你可能是有道理的。 Nothing is possible for a willing heart. (心之所愿，无所不成) A bold attempt is half success. (勇敢的尝试，是成功的一半) 5