CET-4（2017.12内部资料）

Privacy activists criticized last month’s announcement. They are concerned that the new policy will make it easier to track the activities of users across Google’s many products — from Gmail to YouTube.

Marc Rotenberg heads the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Washington. He says Google’s aim is to create a single unified profile of its users.

Google says its new policy will make it simpler for users to share information across services like Google Search, Gmail and Google Calendar. And it says the new policy will help personalize each user’s experience. Over time, it says, users can expect to see better search results, fewer unwanted advertisements and more content targeted to their interests. 1. What does Google plan to do?

2. Which of the following statements is NOT the benefit of the new policy?

News item 2

The British royal family has begun court action in France over the publication of topless pictures of the Duchess of Cambridge on the day that an Italian magazine printed new ones taken during a holiday with her husband Prince William. Here’s Christian Fraser.

The lawyer representing the couple, Aurelien Hamelle, arrived in the civil court with a request for an interim injunction. In his opening statement, he said the balcony where the couple were relaxing was not visible with a naked eye, but only on a long lens. He’s not requesting the magazines already on the shelves be withdrawn, but for the printing of last Friday’s edition to stop now, together with a ban on the further syndication of the photos by the Mondadori Group here in France. 3. What is the news about?

4. What did the lawyer, Aurelien Hamelle, request?

News item 3

In the online video posted on Sunday, the driver of a black sedan repeatedly slaps and verbally insults an express courier after their vehicles collided in a residential parking lot. The incident took place in Beijing’s Chaoyang District on Sunday.

The attacker, surnamed Li, has since apologized and is now serving 10-days detention.

The video has been gaining a lot of traction in China, with many denouncing the violent behavior of the attacker.

Even Shi Weixing, who initially posted the video on his Weibo account, says he is surprised by how quickly the post is being viewed. The attacker’s vehicle license plate number, his cell phone number and his residential registration form have all been posted online by social media users. Law professor Yang Weidong with the Chinese Academy of Governance says Chinese lawmakers are starting to address cyber privacy invasions.

―In 2014, the Supreme People’s Court issued a judicial interpretation regarding online privacy protection. It is said when Internet users or Internet service providers violate personal privacy by publishing people’s personal details, they can be punishable under civil laws.‖ 5. Why did many people criticize the driver of the black sedan? 6. What happened after the video was posted online?

7. According to the Supreme People’s Court, what will happen to Internet users who publish people’s personal details online? Section B

Conversation 1

M: Good morning, Professor Harkens. I hope I am not disturbing you. W: Not at all, Tom. Come right in. I’m always in my office in the morning.

M:I thought I’d get an early start on my research paper and would like to discuss my topic with you if

you have a moment.

W: Of course. I recommend that all my students should discuss their topics with me before they begin

their research. What do you want to work on?

M:I was especially interested in your lecture on dinosaurs and the apparent mystery surrounding their extinction. I’d like to explore that question, but I’m not too sure how to go about it.

W:Well, according to the most widely held theory, the dinosaurs died out because of the sudden cooling of the earth’s temperature. Your textbook summarizes the conclusion of several paleontologists on this point.

M:Didn’t you also mention a second theory in your lecture? That dinosaurs may simply have been

replaced by mammals gradually and might not die out as a direct response to the cool weather?

W:Yes. Van Vellen and Sloan are proponents of this theory. And I’ve put some of their articles on reserve in the library. M:Van Vellen and Sloan? I’d better write that down.

W:Let me know how your work progresses, Tom. If you should run into any problems, be sure to stop by

again.

8. Who are the two speakers?

9. What is the main focus of Tom’s research?

10. What is the most widely held theory about the extinction of dinosaurs? 11. Who most likely are Van Vellen and Sloan?

Conversation 2

W:Hew! This rowing is hard work. Let’s have the boat toward the old lighthouse now.

M:Good idea. We can rest there for a while and eat our lunch. Then we can climb to the top platform

where the light is before we visit the museum at the base of the lighthouse tower.

W:Whenever I came out here, I thought about the family who used to live on the little island and take

care of the light every night. What a lonely life that must have been!

M:Yeah, to help ships find their way along shoreline, at night, they had to constantly make sure that the windows up around the light were clean and free of ice and snow. W:Dirty soot must have been a problem. Didn’t they burn candles up there?

M:This one used to have a kerosene lamp. But they changed over to electricity around 1920, I think. W:In New Port, Rode Island, people talked about a woman who was a lighthouse keeper for over 50

years. Ida Louise was her name. She saved a lot of people from dying in ship wrecks. M:Was her lighthouse out on an island like this one?

W:On one even smaller and further from land. In stormy weathers, it was pretty dangerous for small

boats.

M:I understand the United States Coast Guard takes care of the most modern lighthouses.

W:Yeah, but the light is automatic nowadays. The lighthouse is still a friendly sight at night though. M:Here we are. This lighthouse is the friendliest sight I’ve seen today. I’m exhausted. 12. What are the people doing?

13. What was a major problem for every lighthouse keeper? 14. Why was Ida Louise famous?

15. How does the man feel at the end of the conversation? Section C

Passage 1

More and more electronic devices and services in our daily life mean we have too many passwords and numbers to remember. Passwords help us protect our wealth and privacy; however, they also bring us a lot of troubles. Every day I need to remember much useless information. Every morning I turn on my cellphone — it needs a password. I get to work and I have to have access to my computer with a password. Like many people in Britain, I have two bank accounts. One needs a five-digit number and a password; the other needs a six-digit number and a memorable place name. I have an online savings account that needs a different password from the password for my bank account. Even if you never use a computer, you can be hit by the password overload. Look in your wallet. You probably carry four or five credit cards. In these days of chip and pin, these are virtually useless if you do not have the magic four-digit numbers. The banks tell you not to have the same number for all your cards. Give me a break. Am I going to carry five different random four-digit numbers in my head? After all, I’m not Good Will Hunting.

I’ve tried systems to help me remember — such as using the names of favorite films or members of my extended family; but none seems to work. So what is the solution? 16. What do passwords bring to us?

17. Which of the following does NOT need a password?

18. What has the speaker tried to do to remember his passwords?

Passage 2

Internet is threatening our privacy. In the past, if a shop manager wanted to know you better, he had to rely on a good memory for detail. They came out from behind the counter to give you personalized service, browsed the shelves with you and made recommendations.

In this digital marketplace, the ―shop manager‖ may actually be a machine. It searches in its memory of information about you, analyzes it and creates a clear portrait of what you are likely to buy and do in the future. Not all companies approach personalization in the same way. For some websites, the approach is direct: they ask you to take a survey about what you like, and then make offers that match your interests. Another way is through IP addresses, the electronic place from which you browse the Web.

Amazon.com and many other sites also compare individual’s browsing and buying habits to those of thousands and millions of other consumers in their databases. Using a technique called collaborative filtering, they can find out your likely interests. This is based on what they know about what like-minded people buy or do.

But this new use of Internet begins to trouble some computer users. They worry that advertisers can track their private information without their knowledge, and that files about them might be put to ill use somehow, or shared with wrong people. Sometimes they just don’t like being watched. 19. Which of the following do traditional shop managers NOT do to know their customers? 20. In the digital market, which of the following does the ―shop manager‖ NOT do? 21. How does Amazon.com know about its customers? 22. Which of the following troubles some computer users?

Passage 3

Every day you share personal information about yourself with others. It’s so routine that you may not even realize you’re doing it. You may write a check at the grocery store, charge tickets to a ball game, rent a car, mail your tax returns, buy a gift online, call home on your cell phone, schedule a doctor’s appointment, or apply for a credit card. Each transaction requires you to share personal information: your bank and credit card account numbers; your income; your Social Security Number (SSN); or your name,

address, and phone numbers.

It’s important to find out what happens to the personal information you and your children provide to companies, marketers, and government agencies. These organizations may use your information simply to process your order; to tell you about products, services, or promotions; or to share with others. And then there are unscrupulous individuals, like identity thieves, who want your information to commit fraud. Identity theft — the fastest-growing white-collar crime in America — occurs when someone steals your personal identifying information, like your SSN, birth date, or mother’s maiden name, to open new charge accounts, order merchandise, or borrow money. Consumers targeted by

identity thieves usually don’t know they’ve been victimized. But when the fraudsters fail to pay the bills or repay the loans, collection agencies begin pursuing the consumers to cover debts they didn’t even know they had. 23. In which of these actions may people NOT reveal their private information? 24. What may organizations use your private information to do?

25. When will the consumers notice that their private information was stolen?

【答案】1-5 DCBBD 6-10 BCCBA 11-15 CCBBB 16-20 DDCDD 21-25 DDDDD

PARTIII Reading Comprehension Section A

26. 【答案】I

【解析】空格中要填词为who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，可知此处应填动词的过去式。可选项有had, occurred和happened，首先空格所在的who引导的定语从句修饰的是tourists―游客‖，happened to be in Greece―碰巧在希腊‖是符合这样的语境的，而had to ―不得不‖和occur to表示―想起，想到‖都不能使句意通顺。 27. 【答案】L

【解析】and引导两个意思相近的并列结构，由the standard was not high―标准不高‖可知，此处要填的是和not high语气一致的形容词，再由前两句可知，参赛的国家很少并且有很多很多游客参加了比赛，这说明这次比赛没有那么正式，选项中只有informal符合题意。选项irregular则一般表示―（形状）不规则的，（安排）无规律的‖，与句意不符，故排除。 28.【答案】M

【解析】从句中的except可知在两次世界大战中没有比赛，说明的是奥运会因战争而中断。选项中有end和interruption可表示停止，end―终断‖，表示某事中断后不再继续，interruption―中断‖，表示某事中断后仍然继续，故选择interruption。 29. 【答案】J

【解析】本句主系表结构完整，由此可知，此处应填副词，修饰整个句子。选项中有definitely和especially，从句意来理解，这......违背了古老的奥林匹克精神，将definitely―显然地‖带入原文，符合原文的意思；而especially―特别地‖表示强调，而此处表示的则是通过比较后得出结果，故排除especially。 30. 【答案】K

【解析】奥林匹克比赛中的两个最重要的方面就是竞技水平和运动精神，由grown enormously in scale可知，现在参加奥林匹克运动会规模渐大，运动员逐渐增多，因此应理解为体育竞技水平达到了前所未有的高度，因此应选physical。 31. 【答案】D

【解析】此处应填形容词。由Unfortunately和because of the political prestige and commercial profit可推出，不幸的是各国竞争举办奥运的目的是为了政治威望与利益，可见此处说明的是