2018届高考英语词汇和短语汇编：重点动词用法详解

高考英语重点动词用法详解

1.abandon v.（不顾责任、义务等）抛弃，遗弃; 不得已而中途放弃；～oneself to sth.陷入（某种情感）

He claimed that his parents had abandoned him. 他声称父母遗弃了他。

The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food. 当局中止了分发食物的尝试。

We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.

我们不敢放纵自己的情感，以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制。

2.absorb vt.吸收（液体、气体等）；吸引全部注意力；吞并，合并；用掉(大量金钱、时间）；承担（费用）

He is absorbed in the calculation of that difficult maths problem.他全神贯注地在算那道数学难题。

The banks would be forced to absorb large losses. 银行将被迫承受巨大的损失。 It absorbed vast amounts of capital that could have been used for investment. 它消耗掉了原本可用于投资的大笔资金。

Refined sugars are absorbed into the bloodstream very quickly. 精制糖迅速吸收进血液中。

3.accept vt. 接受

It is widely accepted that environment exerts a profound influence on one's personality.

普遍认为环境对人的性格有深远的影响。

4.accomplish v. 达到(目的)，完成 (任务)，实现(计划)

He is a man who will spoil rather than accomplish things. 他这个人成事不足，坏事有余。

5.account n. 帐目；帐户；记述, 报告；理由，解释

Please charge these to my account. 请把这些记在我的帐上。

He gave a detailed account of what happened on that night.他详细描述了那个夜晚所发生的事。

I had two accounts with Bank of China, a savings account and a current account. 我在中国银行有两个账户，一个储蓄账户和一个活期存款账户。 Give an account of your behavior. 说说你那样做的理由。

on account of 因为 take sth. into account 考虑到 on no account 绝不 vt. 认为； 把?视作 The event was accounted a success. 人们认为这次活动是成功的。

account for说明（原因、理由等）； 导致，引起； （在数量、比例上）占； 对?负责 How do you account for your long absence from classes without asking for leave? 你如何解释你不请假而长期缺课的行为。

Too much rain accounted for the poor crop. 太多的雨水导致庄稼歉收。

These products, in total, account for about 8％ of all our sales.这些产品总共约占我们全部销售额的8%。

Who will have to account for the misprints in the dictionary? 谁必须对字典中的印刷错误负责?

6.accuse v. 指责;指控 Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud(盗窃和诈骗)by the police.

7.accustom vt. 使习惯 accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth. accustomed adj. 习惯于；惯常的

No one wishes to deal with a person who is accustomed to breaking his word. 谁也不愿意与惯于食言的人打交道。

8.ache vi. 痛，疼痛；～ for渴望 n. (身体某部位持续且较强烈的)疼痛 9.achieve vt. (经努力)达到，取得 achieve success achievement n. 10.acknowledge v. 承认(事实、局面等)，公认; 告知收到；（公开）感谢；(点头、微笑等）致意

With so much evidence against him he had to acknowledge his error.承认错误 He acknowledged the applause with a small bow. 他微微地鞠了一躬表示对掌声的感谢。 He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her. 他看见了她，却连招呼也不打。 The firm sent me a postcard acknowledging my request. 公司寄给我一张明信片告知我的申请书已收到。

11.acquire v.获得；购得; 学到 acquisition n.

He has acquired a reputation as the country's premier solo violinist.他已赢得了首席小提琴独奏家的名誉

We should try to acquire good habits. 我们应该努力养成良好的习惯。 She was sitting in her newly-acquired wheelchair. 她正坐在新买的轮椅上。 12.act n. 行为, 行动；法案；(戏剧、歌剧等的)一幕；假装 v. 行动；举止；假装；表演；扮演；充当～as/like；有作用～on

It is an act of kindness to help a blind man across the street. 帮助盲人过街是慈善的行为。

Think well before you act. 要三思而后行。

13.adapt v. 适应; 改编 adaptation n. The film has been adapted from a play of the same title. 电影改编自一部同名戏剧。 She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 她很快就适应了这种新气候。 14.add vt. 增加; 加；添加(特色); 补充说 addition n.

Pictures add interest to plain painted walls. 相片给素色的墙面增添了一抹情趣。 It all adds up to a complete failure. <口>等于；合计 15.adjust v. 调整，调节；适应，习惯 adjustment n.

These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.

The names of certain welfare societies have had to be adjusted to the new trend. 某些福利机构不得不改动其名称以适应新潮流。 16.admire v. 钦佩；羡慕；欣赏 admiration n.

He admired the way she had coped with life. 他欣赏她处世的方式。 We took time to stop and admire the view. 我们特意驻足欣赏风景。 17.admit vt. （常指不情愿地）承认; 准许（入场，入学等） admission n.

I reluctantly admitted to being nervous about the test. 我勉强承认我对测试感到紧张。

Only two hundred boys and girls are admitted to our school every year.

18.adopt v.收养；采纳 adoption n. adopt a positive approach to doing sth对?采取积极方法

19.advance n. 前进；进展；（价格、价值的）上涨；预付金v. 前进；预付；增长；推进 Medical technology has advanced considerably. 医学技术突飞猛进。

20.advertise vt. 为?做广告；宣扬

21.advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议 advise doing sth/advise sb to do/advise that sb should do

22.advocate v. 拥护，支持，提倡

We advocate solving international dispute by negotiation, instead of appealing to arms.

我们主张通过协商解决国际争端，而不主张诉诸武力。 23.affect vt. 影响；感动；（疾病）侵袭; 装出?的样子 24.afford vt. 负担得起（??的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供

None of us can afford to buy it separately, so let's pool our resources. 我们之中谁也不能单独买得起这东西，所以我们就集资购买吧。 It was a cold room, but it afforded a fine view of the Old City. 这房间虽然冷，但它能让人将古城的景致尽收眼底。

25.agree v. 同意；商定，约定；(语法)一致；意见相合；（气候、食物等）适宜

agree with同意某人或某人的意见、想法、观点等; agree to同意建议、安排、计划等 agree on 双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议 26.aim n. 目的, 目标；瞄准 v. 瞄准；针对, 旨在(at)

27.allow vt. 允许，准许；使能够；促使 allow doing sth/allow sb to do sth The compromise will allow him to continue his free market reforms. 妥协将使他得以继续他的自由市场改革。 allow for 考虑到； 体谅；允许有； 留出

We should allow for her youth and her inexperience. 我们应该体谅她年纪轻和缺少经验。

28.amaze v.惊奇，惊叹；震惊amazement n.

He exercised with a regularity that amazed us. 他锻炼的规律程度令我们非常惊讶。 29.amuse vt.（使人）快乐，逗乐；给?提供娱乐（或消遣） amusement n. I often amuse myself with reading. 我常以读书自乐。 30.analyse/analyze v. 分析 analysis n.—analyses(pl.) 31.announce vt. 宣布，宣告；通报?的到来；播报

Footsteps announced his return. 听到脚步声，就知道他回来了。