牛津英语 模块三unit 2 reading 学案

高一年级英语导学案 编者：尉海清 审者：高一英语组 编号：003

牛津高中英语同步精讲精练

Part One：Vocabulary

1. China is a great nation, ________up of 56 peoples.

2. Mr. Oliver ________ an important position in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, who is ________in meeting important figures nearly everyday.

3. H2O ______for water, which ______of hydrogen and oxygen.

4. He ______ it after the legendary King of Crete who appears in Greek mythology by the ______ of Minos.

5. ______ from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.

6. Her work has ____________ to our understanding of what effect cigarette smoking has on us, which most people believe is a major factor ______________to cancer.

7. Our basketball team suffered another _______, _______ by our opponent by 10 points. 8.His careless driving nearly ________ to there being a traffic accident. 9. The salesgirl said she would _______ the TV set if we were not satisfied.

10.All of the flowers now ______ here have developed from those they once grew in the forest. Part Two：Fill the blanks using the proper words according to the text

________ history, people from different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain and brought the grammar and vocabulary ________ of the English language, ________ is why English has so many confusing rules. Old English

Old English _____ from ______ we speak nowadays. Before the middle of the 5th century, people in Britain all spoke a language _____ Celtic. At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings ______ Britain. By the 10th century, Old English had become the ______language of England. Middle English

Middle English is the name _____ to the English _____ from around the 12th to the 15th centuries. Many things affected the development of English, of ______ the Normans made the most important _______ to it. However, the Norman Conquest had ______ effect on English than that the Angles did some 600 years earlier, which led to Old English ______Celtic. On the other hand, both French and English words having the similar meaning ______ together. It was ______ many English people worked as servants who raised animals ______ the words used for most animals raised for food came from Old English, ______the words for the ______ of these animals, ______ was served to the Normans, came from Old French. Of course, Old French also made other contributions to Middle English in ______ words plural. After the Norman conquest, high-class people spoke English. However, by the ______half of the 14th century, English ______ ______ into widespread use among all classes in England. It was 1399 ______ Henry IV became the King of England, ______mother tongue was English. Modern English

Modern English ______ during the Renaissance, because of ______, it includes many Latin and Greek words. Pronunciation ______ through huge changes during this period. It is because people will keep ______ new words and new ways of ______ things ______such changes won’t ______ to an end.

Part Three: Explanations of the text

1. Read about how English developed and why it has some strange rules. 【分析】：1.how 和why引导的从句，均为宾语从句，和about构成介宾结构。

2.how和why都是连接副词，在各自引导的从句中都做状语：how(方式状语)；why(原因状语)。

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【注】：that 引导的名词性从句，通常不用在介词之后。（除了in\\except） ---How about ______ we go to the concert after dinner? --- Sounds a good idea.

A. when B. whether C. that D. if

2. The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. 【分析】：

1. be made up of=consist of

2.these people brought to Britain这是一个省略了关系代词that或者which的定语从句。先行词为the grammar and vocabulary,定语从句中brought缺少宾语。bring sth. to sp.

3. That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. [分析]：

1.why引导一个名词性从句，做is的表语，所以该从句为：表语从句。 2.why在表语从句中充当原因状语。

3.that引导的这个从句属于定语从句，修饰先行词rules，that指代rules在定语从句中充当主语，因此这里的that不可省略。

4. Old English is very different from the English we speak nowadays. [分析]：

1. …be different from\\differ from; (be different in…\\differ in…)

2….we speak nowadays这是一个省略关系代词的定语从句。关系代词在从句中充当宾语，所以能省略。 3.大家想一想能否用一个连接代词来替换the English that\\which? ______. 5. Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages. [分析]：

1.consist of=be made up of由……构成。

[例题]：China is a country___ of 34 provinces, the strongest of which ___of most rich counties is Jiangsu.

A. made up, consists B. consisting, made up C. making up, consists D. consists, is made up

6. Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles. [分析]：

1.both… and…

Not both his brothers are rude to his parents. Both his brothers are not rude to his parents. 2.name after以……命名

The city was named after the great civil war hero.

7. Aside from place names such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English.

[分析]：1.aside from=apart from 2. aside from

(1)除…之外(别无)：Nobody, aside from him, could answer this question. 除他外，没人能回答这个问题。(=but\\except)

(2)除…之外(尚有)：Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。(=besides)

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高一年级英语导学案 编者：尉海清 审者：高一英语组 编号：003

(3)除…外，如果不考虑：Aside from the rainy weather, our vacation was fun. 除了天气阴雨外，我们的假期还是玩得很高兴的。

【说明】aside from为美国英语，在英国英语中用apart from代之。(=except for)

8. They brought with them their languages, which also mixed with Old English. [分析]：

1.bring sth. with sb.

2.which引导的是一个定语从句，它指代先行词their languages。这里的mix是不及物动 （vi.） He mixes well with other children in the school.

他在学校里与其他孩子能很好相处。(交际，交往，相处)

9. When we speak English today, we sometimes feel puzzled about which words or phrases to use. [分析]：

1.when引导的为时间状语从句。which words or phrases to use是属于‘疑问词+to do’这样一个结构。在这里做about的宾语。这个结构在句中通常做：主语、宾语、表语。但是不可以作状语。 When to hold the meeting mostly depends on the weather. 高考链接：

Generally speaking, ____ according to the directions , the drug has no side effect . A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken

10. For example, the word sick came from a word once used by the Angles and the Saxons, while ill came from a word once used by the Norwegians. [分析]：

1.for example例如(举一例)；such as(举多例);namely\\that is(举全部) 2.句中出现的once used…做后置定语。once (adv.)

He is not easy to get along with, but the friendship of his, __, will never lose. A. once gained B. once gaining C. while gained D. when to be gained

11. Middle English is the name given to the English used from around the 12th to the 15th centuries. [分析]：

1.given to the English是过去分词做后置定语，修饰the name，表示被动。同样的，used from around the 12th to the 15th centuries也是如此。

Given their inexperience, they’ve done a good job.

He suggested the person ___ at the meeting ____into prison as soon as possible. A. referred to, be put B. referred to, put

C. referring to, could be put D. referring to, should be put 高考链接：

Distributed evenly(均匀地分配), the luggage ___ on an aircraft which goes up and down frequently ____ in place.

A. loading, stays B. to be loaded, stay C. loaded, stays

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D. are loading, stay

12. The most important contribution was from the Northman, a French-speaking people who defeated English and took control of the country [分析]：

1.a French-speaking people是the Normans的同位语。Who引导的是定语从句，同时它也是定语从句的先行词。2.defeat\\beat\\win\\hit\\stike defeat与beat差不多，比beat更正式一点。beat(有节奏地打击、跳动)有心脏跳动之意；win+比赛、奖品等；hit和strike都含有自然灾害袭击之意。hit有重重一撞之意，strike还有罢工之意。

13. However, the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons’ victory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic. [分析]：

1. affect vt.=have an effect on; as … as …;not as\\so… as…

Her pronunciation is _____, if not better than, her teacher's. A. as well B. as well as C. as good D. as good as

John plays football _____,if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as

14. After the Norman Conquest, many English people worked as servants who raised animals. [分析]：

1.lead to\\contribute to\\cause\\result in导致…

2.但是要注意的是：lead…to do…(这里的to是动词不定式) 3.which引导的是非限制性定语从句。

His father died last year, ______ made it impossible for him to go abroad. A. when B. which C. as D. that [分析]： 1.work as…

I once worked as an engineer for 5 years.

2.who引导的是定语从句，代指servants在定语从句中充当主语。 3.raise的用法。（及物动词vt.） [连接]：rise(不及物动词vi.)

Nearly the price of everything has risen by 100% in the past 2 years.

The fish raised artificially taste less delicious than those which grow in the wild.

15. It is interesting to learn how the words for animals and meat developed. [分析]：

1.it__________;…to learn…是__________。

2.how引导的是__________从句。在从句中充当__________成分。 He said ____ he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields. A. which B. what C. how D. where

16. Old English made other contributions to Middle English as well. [分析]：

1.make contributions to=contribute to(这里的to是介词)

Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death.

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