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基于单片机的火灾防盗报警系统的设计
摘 要
随着社会的发展，单个家庭的经济积累越来越多，人们对于家庭灾情的防控也给予了越来越多的重视。目前，家庭灾情主要体现在火灾和盗窃两个方面，因此，对于这两种状况的预防和监控成为了家庭防灾的重点。本文就是基于这一社会现象设计了一种简单的防火防盗系统。
本文分两部分来设计，一部分为基于AT89S52单片机的火灾监控系统，能够及时监测到系统故障和环境中有无火灾，火灾一旦发生将实现声光报警，并采取有效措施控制火情的发展，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，以确保人身财产安全并最大限度地减少损失。另一部分为基于AT89C51单片机的，集传感器检测技术、智能控制和无线电技术于一体的防盗报警系统。本文对这两部分分别行进硬件电路搭建，软件程序设计，最后对软件进行测试，运用Protues软件对主要模块进行仿真。
关键词：单片机，传感器，火灾，门控，Protues
Design Of Fire Alarm System Based On SCM
Abstract
With the social development, single-family economic has been accumulating,and more and more people pays attention to the family disaster prevention and control .Currently, the family disaster mainly reflected in two aspects of fire and theft.Therefore, the prevention and control for these two conditions has become the focus of family disaster.This article has designed a simple fire alarm systems based on this social phenomenon.
This article is designed in two parts,.One is fire monitoring system based on the AT89S52 SCM.It was able to monitor the failures of system and the environment timely.Once fires, it would achieve the sound and light alarm, and take effective measures to control the development of the fire, the fire will be nipped in the bud ,to ensure personal and property safety and minimize losses.The other is the anti-theft alarm system based on the AT89C51 SCM,which combines sensor technology, intelligent control and radio technology and integration.This paper make the hardware circuit structures and design the software programming respectively. Finally, made a test for the software and simulated the main module by Protues.
Keyword:SCM, sensors, fire, gated, Protues
目 录
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 引言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 课题研究背景及意义 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3 本文主要内容安排 ................................................................................................ 4 2 系统总体设计方案 ................................................................................................... 6 2.1 火灾监控系统整体设计 ........................................................................................ 6 2.2 火灾报警系统类型及火灾探测器选型 ................................................................ 6 2.2.1 火灾报警系统类型 ............................................................................................. 6 2.2.2 火灾探测器原理 ................................................................................................. 7 2.3 防盗系统整体设计 ................................................................................................ 8 2.4 防盗系统主要功能模块设计 ................................................................................ 9 3 系统硬件设计 ......................................................................................................... 10 3.1 主要器件选型 ...................................................................................................... 10 3.1.1 核心处理器单片机的选择 ............................................................................... 10 3.1.2 气体传感器的选择 ........................................................................................... 11 3.1.3 温度传感器的选择 ........................................................................................... 12 3.1.4 无线通信模块芯片的选择 ............................................................................... 13 3.1.5 A/D转换芯片的选择 ....................................................................................... 14 3.1.6 键盘输入模块芯片选择 ................................................................................... 14 3.2 系统各功能子模块设计 ...................................................................................... 15 3.2.1 电源模块 ........................................................................................................... 15 3.2.2 单片机内部结构及最小系统 ........................................................................... 16 3.2.3 火灾探测器的设计 ........................................................................................... 18 3.2.4 RS232串口设计 ............................................................................................... 18 3.2.5 A/D模块设计 ................................................................................................... 19 3.2.6 无线通信模块 ................................................................................................... 20 3.2.7 电机驱动模块 ................................................................................................... 20
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3.2.8 键盘电路设计 ................................................................................................... 21 3.2.9 EEPROM模块 .................................................................................................. 22 4 系统软件设计 ......................................................................................................... 23 4.1 火灾监控部分主要程序 ...................................................................................... 23 4.1.1 火灾监控主程序 ............................................................................................... 23 4.1.2 火灾监控各部分子程序 ................................................................................... 24 4.2 防盗监控模块主要程序 ...................................................................................... 28 4.2.1 防盗门控主程序 ............................................................................................... 29 4.2.2 门控模块子程序 ............................................................................................... 29 5 系统调试 ................................................................................................................. 36 5.1 调试工具 .............................................................................................................. 36 5.2 调试过程 .............................................................................................................. 39 5.3 Protues仿真 ......................................................................................................... 40 6 总结 ......................................................................................................................... 44 附录 ............................................................................................................................... 45 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................... 60 致谢 ............................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
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