高一英语新课标必修2unit4教案

Grammar：

现在进行时的被动语态 一? 基本结构

1. 肯定形式:―助动词be(am/is/are) + being + 过去分词‖,其中的is, am, are表明谓语动词的动作发生的时间为现在,并随着作主语的名词(代词)的人称和数的不同而使用其中的某一个形式; being done则表示正在进行的被动动作?例如:

The bridge over the river is being rebuilt. (这条河上的桥正在重建? )

2. 否定形式:把否定词not放在助动词be(am/is/are)之后,

即:―be(am/is/are) + not + being + 过去分词‖?如有多个助动词,则not放在第一个助动词之后?例如: The room is not being cleaned now. (现在没人打扫房间? )

3. 一般疑问句形式:把助动词be(am/is/are)移到句首并大写首字母,句末加问号,即:―Be(Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + being + 过去分词?‖?例如: Is your house being painted? (你的房子正在粉刷吗？)

4. 特殊疑问句形式:多数情况下,其构成方法是把疑问代词或疑问副词直接加在一般疑问句之前,具体情况可分为以下三种:

① ―疑问代词(作主语) + is being + 过去分词 + 其他?‖?例如: What is being done on the life of pandas? (正在采取什么措施保护大熊猫的生命? )

② ―疑问代词(作定语) + 名词 +is/are being + 过去分词 + 其他?‖?例如: Whose buildings are being built in the town? (城里正在建谁的楼房? )

③ ―疑问副词 + is/are + 主语+ being + 过去分词 + 其他?‖?例如: Where is the elk being studied by scientists? (科学家们正在哪里研究麋鹿呢? ) 二? 常见的四种基本用法

1. 表示现在时刻正在进行的被动动作,即谓语动词表示的动作此刻正在进行?这是被动语态的基本形式?例如:

The plan is being discussed at the meeting.

(这个计划正在会上讨论? )

2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作（但该动词在说话的瞬间未必正在进行）,即谓语动词表示的动作在目前阶段正在进行?例如:

A new school is being built in the town. ( 在这个镇上一所新学校正在建设。)

3. 表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always, constantly等表示频度的副词连用?这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩?例如:

He is always being praised by the leader. (他总是受到领导的表扬? )

I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are always being stolen. (我感到很迷惑,我们商店的商品老是被偷? )

4. 与部分情态动词连用,表示对谓语动词正在进行的动作的一种推测?例如: The patient must be being examined. 三? 被动语态使用中的常见错误

1. 在现在进行时的被动语态中, am, is, are为第一助动词, being为第二助动词,缺一不可,且不可互换位置?例如:

The report is being written by one of the best students. (报告正由一名最好的学生写着呢。) The report is well written.(系表结构) ( 这个报告写得好。)

注:在文章标题?广告?新闻中使用此类结构时,常省略助动词be, 因此出现了being紧跟主语的情况?例如:

English teachers being wanted. 英语教师正在热聘中?(广告用语, being前省略了助动词are) Snow being cleaned away. 积雪正在被清扫?(新闻报道, being前省略了助动词is)

2. take care of, look after, talk about, think of等短语动词用在现在进行时的被动语态中时,其中的介词不可省略?例如:

(还在考虑什么别的事情? ) 【误】 What else is being thought? 【正】 What else is being thought of?

3. 一些表示某种情况?状况或特点的动词如happen, appear, rise, become, wear, wash等,没有现在进行时的被动语态?例如: (这本书卖得很好? )

【误】 The book is being sold well. 【正】 The book sells well.

4. 现在进行时的被动语态不与表示时间或次数的状语连用?例如: (这块表修了两次了? )

【误】 The watch is being repaired twice. 【正】 The watch has been repaired twice.

5.现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来（此种用法仅限于少数及物动词）

A party is being held tonight. (今晚将要举行一场晚会。)

四? 高考链接

1. (MET 1991) —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet, the rooms ______. A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting

[答案与简析] 答案为A? 本题题干的答语意为―没有,房间正在油漆‖,其标准对照时间点为现在,―房间正在油漆‖实际指―房间被油漆‖,因此空白处应填现在进行时的被动语态形式are being painted?

2. (2001京?蒙?皖春招) A new cinema______here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built

[答案与简析] 答案为D? 根据本题题干中的第二个句子―They hope to finish it next month‖的意思,说明本题题干第一个句子的意思应为―新电影院还在建设之中‖?当然电影院是被建设?所以空白处应填现在进行时的被动语态形式is being built?

3. (2002上海春招) Rainforests______and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.

A. cut B. are cut

C. are being cut D. had been cut

[答案与简析] 答案为C? 本题题干的意思应为―雨林正在以那么快的速度被砍伐或烧掉以至于在不久的将来它们将会消失‖?我们根据―they will disappear from the earth in the near future‖提供的语境可以判断,空白处应填are being cut, 即表示―正在被砍伐‖之意?

4. (2005山东) With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth______each year.

A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away

[答案与简析] 答案为D? 本题题干的意思应为―随着更多的森林被破坏,每年大量的良田在被冲走‖?又因主语quanties是复数形式,所以谓语动词应用现在进行时的被动语态形式are being washed away?