专升本翻译历年题精讲透析讲义 1.doc

陕西省专升本大学英语翻译模块培训（一）

一、翻译考试要求及题型

翻译部分主要测试学生基本的双语互译能力和书面表达能力。要求非英语专业的学生翻译阅读理解文章中指定的句子，理解正确、译文达意通顺，翻译速度每小时300英语词。要求英语专业的学生能将内容熟悉的汉语译成英语，理解正确，译文达意通顺，无重大语言错误，翻译速度为每小时250词。

陕西专升本大学英语翻译试题要求将一篇汉语短文译成英语（英语专业学生做），满分为20分。

二、翻译模块历年题再现

(2005年试题) 中国作为一个发展中国家，面临着发展经济与保护环境双重任务。从国情出发，中国在全面推进现代化的进程中,将环境保护视为一项基本国策, 将实现经济持续发展视为一项重要战略。同时在全国范围内开展污染防治工作和生态环境保护活动。

自改革开放以来的18年中，中国国民生产总值的年均增长率为10％左右。环境恶化的状况基本得到了控制。实践证明，我们协调经济发展与环境保护两者之间关系的做法是行之有效的。

中国作为国际社会中的成员。在努力保护自己环境的同时，还积极参与国际环保事务。促进国际环保合作，认真履行了国际义务。所有这些都充分表明了中国政府和人民保护全球环境的诚意和决心。

人类在解决环境与发展问题中仍面临着大量的难题，任重而道远。中国将一如既往，与其他国家合作。为保护我们的生存环境，为人类的幸福和繁荣，为造福下一代而奋斗。（352字）

As a developing country, China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment. Preceding from its national conditions, China has in the process of promoting its overall modernization program made environmental protection one of its basic policies regarded the realization of sustained economic development as an important strategy and meanwhile carried out throughout the country campaigns for pollution prevention and treatment as well as ecological environmental protection.

Over the 18 years since its adoption of reform and opening policy, China's gross national product has achieved a sustained average annual growth of around10 percent. While its environment has basically ceased from deteriorating, the results of our work have shown that China’s endeavor in striking a balance between economic development and environmental protection has been effective.

As a member of the international community, while making great efforts to protect its own environment. China has taken an active part in international environmental protection affairs to promote international cooperation in environmental protection and earnestly fulfilled her international obligations. All these have given full expression to the sincerity and determination of the Chinese government and people to protect the global environment.

Mankind still faces a great many difficulties in solving the problems of the environment and development and there is a grand task to perform and a long way to go. China will do as it did in the past to cooperate with other countries of the world and strive for the protection of the environment for human survival for the happiness and prosperity of humanity and for the benefits of our children.

（2006年试题）李成业是文化部翻译组的主任。他认为，语言是一种活的东西，和我们的日常生活息息相关。他说他十分幸运，最初做法庭翻译和目前在翻译组里的工作，使他能够不断的学习和接触两种语言。

当他还在学校教英语的时候，就曾翻译了好多英文杂志中的文章，投给本地英语报。

他说：―学习语言的动机和兴趣都非常重要。‖他把学习语言比喻为跑步，跑步虽然非常吃力，但运动员知道它的好处并饶有兴趣，所以还是一点都不觉得厌倦。

―在学习语言的过程中，我们一定要创造学习语言的机会和环境。‖他认为看电影，阅读和交流等都是学习语言的好机会。

最后他说：―由于现在大家的时间都很有限，如果阅读能力短篇故事或一些名人的语录，对我们学习英语会很有帮助，同时也能增进学习的兴趣。‖（312） Li Chengye is the head of the Ministry of Culture’s Translation Section. He believes that language is something alive, which relates/ is relevant to our daily life closely. According to him, he was lucky in the sense that he could maintain his grasp of English and Chinese with constant use of the languages in his work – first as a court interpreter and now as the supervisor in the translation section.

Even when he was a teacher of English, he kept in touch with Chinese by translating articles from English magazines into Chinese for the local press. He said: ―Internet and motivation are most important in learning and mastering a language.‖ He compares language learning to jogging. It is a laborious exercise, but what keeps the jogger running is an interest and the knowledge of the advantages and benefits of the exercise. One must always create the environment and opportunities for language learning. He suggests watching movies, reading books, and even writing to pen-pals as some of the ways to get involved in the learning. ―Because of the limited time we have, reading short stories, or even lines of famous quotations of wise men, is good, and helps make language learning more interesting,‖ he added. （2007年试题）端午节

每年农历的五月初五是中国的一个民间传统节日，叫端午节。在这一天，人们要赛龙舟、吃粽子。这个节日是为了纪念著名诗人屈原。

相传两千多年前，楚国诗人屈原因政治改革，屡遭保守势力的诽谤，失去楚王的信任，后被放逐。最终，因国家衰败，理想无法实现，自投汨罗江而死。

据说，老百姓听到屈原投江自尽，就有人驱舟去打捞，但没有找到。他们担心屈原的遗体会被鱼吃掉，便将煮熟的米饭撒到江中。我们今天吃粽子、赛龙舟的习俗就是因此慢慢演变而来。（208）

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year is a traditional Chinese gala which is named Dragon Boat Festival, when people hold dragon boat races and eat rice dumplings. This gala has been practiced to commemorate the famous Chinese

poet, Qu Yuan.

It was recorded that more than two thousand years ago, Qu Yuan, a great poet in the state of Chu, was defamed by the conservatives because he was inclined to reform the government. As a result, he lost the king’s trust and was driven out of the state. At last, seeing that he could not reach his goal in a declining state, he jumped into the Mi-Luo River and ended his life.

It is said that people went to save him by boat on hearing of his suicide, but in vain. Therefore, they threw cooked rice into the river for fear that his body might be eaten by fishes. The dumplings we eat and the dragon boats we race today both result from the story.

（2008年试题）在家里，家长可以做一些鼓励孩子发挥创造力的事情。如果遇到合适的问题，家长可以就该问题征求孩子的意见，让他们参与决策。家长还应鼓励孩子大声谈论他们正在做的事情，大声地谈论有助于提高语言能力和思维能力。给孩子一些选择的余地也很重要。应该允许孩子自己作决定并清楚其后果，要让孩子从尽可能早的年龄开始这样做。做决定有助于培养思维能力，即便只是在午餐的两种食物的选择上做决定也行。随着孩子慢慢长大，家长应该让孩子自己做主支配时间和金钱；当他们做出错误的决定时，不要不假思索给予过多的帮助。这种做法可能会使孩子迷惑不解，但这没有关系。因为富有创造力的人有很强的动力，他们能够从混乱中创造秩序。（290）

There are things that parents can do at home to encourage children’s creativity. They can involve children in decision-making if the problem is appropriate, asking children for suggestion. Parents should also encourage their children to talk out loud about things they are doing, for talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills. It is also very important to give children choices. From the earliest age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their consequences. Even if it’s choosing between two food items for lunch, decide how to use their time or spend their money but not automatically help them too much if they make wrong decisions. This may be confusing for children, but that is all right, because the creative people are of strong motivation and capable of making order out of confusion.

（2009年试题）家

何以为家？家就是爱、支持和信任，是其成员之间温馨情感共存之处，父母给孩子以呵护，孩子也关注父母的行为。父母和孩子因爱而紧密相连，家成为世上最令人愉悦的地方。

没有爱的家庭，如同没有灵魂的躯体，也就不能称其为―家‖。作为社会的一员，没有人能独自生存。一个人可能过着成功而富足的生活。但锦衣玉食不一定就幸福。世界历史上的许多伟人都对家有着深深的眷恋。

也许你的家贫穷而简陋，但这正是你的职责所在。你应该努力使你的家更温馨舒适，面临的困难愈大，你的收获愈多。（224）

Home

What makes a home? Love, sympathy and confidence. It is a place where kindly

affections exist among all the members of the family. The parents take good care of their children, and the children are interested in the activities of their parents. Thus all of them are bound together by affection, and they find their home to be the cheeriest place in the world.

A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. Every civilized person is a social being. Now one should live alone. A man may lead a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can by no means insure happiness. Many great personages in the world history had deep affections for their homes.

Your home may be poor and humble, but your duty lies there. You should try to make it cheerful and comfortable. The greater the difficulties, the richer will be your reward.

（2010年试题）―理想‖一词对于不同的人可能有着不同的含义。在一些人看来，理想可能意味着事业上的成功和荣誉；在另一些人看来，理想可能意味着平静的生活。我们常常有自我理想，却没有社会理想。我认为年轻人应该有理想。这些理想不能仅仅以自我为中心，而应该以大多数人的理想为中心。这样才能得到力量并对生活充满信心。树立理想意味着采取真正具体的行动。对于我们学生来讲，最重要的事情就是学习。有时，在向着理想前进的时候，我们可能会经历困难和失败。然而我们不应该放弃希望。如果我们的理想正是大多数人的愿望，我们就不会丧失勇气!（247）

To different people,the word―ideal‖may mean different things．To some, it may mean success and fame in their career；to others，a peaceful life.Very often，we have ideals for the self but no ideals for the society．

In my opinion,a youth should have ideals.But these ideals are not merely

centered on the self.They should also be the ones for the majority of people.Then we would get strength and confidence towards life．

The setting up of an ideal means that real and concrete action should be taken. For us students,the most important thing is to study.Sometimes,in striving toward our ideals,we may encounter certain difficulties and failures,but we should not giv up hope.we will never lose heart if our ideals are the wish of the many!

（2011年试题）自 立

上大学之前，我从没离开过家。临行前，父母叮嘱我要学着自立，教我家人不在身边时，如何处理可能遇到的问题。他们反复强调自立的重要性，我当时不以为然。

入学后的第一个周末，我打算洗衣服。走进盥洗室，我忽然有些不知所措。我从没洗过衣服，一下子不知该从何做起，甚至忘了放洗衣粉，一番忙碌之后，却并没有把衣服洗干净。我又累又窘，真想放弃，但此时我必须靠自己。