基于振动信号分析的提升机齿轮箱故障诊断研究2

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This paper,at first,has discussed structure principle of mine elevator and its gearcase,and has pointed out that to ensure reliable operation of gearcase is important to ensure safe operation of mine elevator and production safety of mine. For the above problem, this paper has reviewed vibration and fault mechanics of mine elevator gearcase. Combined with traditional vibrational signal processing method in time and frequency domain which are time domain vibration analysis,FFT, Zooming analysis and and Sideband analysis of gear case and soon on. At the same time, based on MATLAB70, homomorphic filtering are used in fault diagnosis of elevator gearcase. Faults of elevator gearcase are extracted. On this condition, the strong analysis function of wavelet in frequency-time is applied to analyse variation signal of gearcase.the fault characteristics of gearcase is show in between time domain and frequency domain at the same time, which their parallelism is emphasized. and the disadvantage of FFT and homomorphic filtering fault diagnosis is made up. Ultimately, this paper successfully has monitored the condition of mine elevator gearcase and diagnosed its fault, and achieved a fast and the prospective effect of the application, which provides a theoretical basis that mining enterprises maintain mine elevator reasonably and ensure safe operation of mine elevator, and these theoretic achievements were applied to engineering practice,and translated into productivity.

Keywords: mine elevator; gearcase; fault diagnosis; vibrational vignal analysis

III

目录

目录

摘 要 ................................................................ I ABSTRACT ........................................................... III 目录 ................................................................. V 1引 言 .............................................................. 1 1.1 提升机故障诊断国内外研究的现状 ................................... 1

1.1.1 提升机故障诊断理论与诊断方法的研究 ......................... 1 1.1.2 故障诊断技术在提升机上的应用 ............................... 2 1.1.3 提升机故障诊断存在的问题 ................................... 2 1.2 齿轮箱振动故障诊断的研究现状及发展趋势 ........................... 3

1.2.1 齿轮箱振动故障诊断的研究现状 ............................... 3 1.2.2 齿轮箱振动故障诊断的发展趋势 ............................... 4 1.3 本课题研究的目的和意义 ........................................... 5 1.4 本课题的主要研究内容及创新点 ..................................... 5 2 矿井提升机齿轮箱振动故障诊断研究 ................................... 7 2.1 矿井提升机原理结构及减速机原理结构分析 ........................... 7

2.1.1矿井提升机原理与结构分析 .................................... 7 2.1.2矿井提升机齿轮箱结构分析 ................................... 10 2.2 矿井提升机齿轮箱振动故障机理分析 ................................ 11

2.2.1 矿井提升机齿轮箱振动信号的调制原理探讨 .................... 12 2.2.2 矿井提升机齿轮箱典型故障机理研究 .......................... 14 2.3 矿井提升机齿轮箱典型故障的振动频率特性分析 ...................... 22

2.3.1正常状态 ................................................... 23 2.3.2齿面磨损故障 ............................................... 23 2.3.3齿形误差故障 ............................................... 24 2.3.4断齿故障 ................................................... 24 2.3.5点蚀故障 ................................................... 24 2.3.6轴类故障 ................................................... 24 2.3.7箱体共振故障 ............................................... 25

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####大学工程硕士学位论文

2.4 本章小结 ........................................................ 25 3 齿轮箱振动信号分析方法研究 ........................................ 27 3.1 时域分析方法的分析研究 .......................................... 27

3.1.1 统计分析方法 .............................................. 27 3.1.2 时域波形分析法 ............................................ 30 3.2 频域分析法的分析研究 ............................................ 31

3.2.1 频域分析（FFT）法 ......................................... 31 3.2.2 倒频谱分析 ................................................ 35 3.2.3 细化分析法 ................................................ 36 3.2.4齿轮箱的边频带分析法 ....................................... 36 3.3齿轮箱振动信号同态解调原理的探讨 ................................ 37

3.3.1齿轮箱调幅信号同态解调分析 ................................. 37 3.3.2 同态解调系统中数字滤波器分析 .............................. 38 3.3.3 基于MATLAB平台的同态解调原理的实现 ....................... 39 3.4 本章小结 ........................................................ 41 4 基于小波理论的齿轮箱振动信号处理研究 .............................. 43 4.1小波理论分析 .................................................... 43

4.1.1连续小波变换 ............................................... 43 4.1.2离散小波变换 ............................................... 44 4.1.3小波级数 ................................................... 44 4.2小波包理论分析 .................................................. 45

4.2.1 小波包分解原理 ............................................ 45 4.2.2 离散小波包算法 ............................................ 46 4.3 基于MATLAB平台的小波理论分析的实现 ............................. 47 4.4 本章小结 ........................................................ 49 5平煤五矿提升机齿轮箱振动故障诊断研究 .............................. 51 5.1 提升机齿轮箱传动示意图及主要技术参数 ........................... 51

5.1.1 提升机传动方式分析 ........................................ 51 5.1.2 提升机传动机构主要参数分析： .............................. 51

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