上海高二英语知识点，语法及练习

[例句] The problem is far from (being) easy. 这个问题完全不容易。

Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder. 用纸糊天花板没有梯子儿乎是不可能的。She dressed herself in a hurry. 她匆匆地穿上衣服。

▲友情提示：far from 后可接名词、形容词，或 being +形容词／名词。next to后常接一些否定词。

【考例5】I'm terribly sorry to tell you that your work is far from ____.

A. satisfying B. a satisfaction C. being satisfactory D. to satisfy

[考查目标] 此题主要考查 far from 的用法。 [答案与解析]C satisfaction 是不可教名词，前不可使用a。from后不可接不定式。satisfying虽然意思与satisfactory 相同，但常使用satisfactory，其中being经 常省略。

☆精典题例☆

( )1. Modern plastics can ____ very high and very low temperatures．(2005山东)

A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support

【解析】选A 句意为“承受高温或低温”，故选stand。

( )2. When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed B. completing

C. being completed D. to be completed

【解析】选A 该题从句使用了省略形式，省略了与主句主语一致的主语 the museum 和系动词 is。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，同时从句谓语动词又含有系动词be，常可省略从句主语与系动词be．．

( )3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness if ____.

A. leaving untreated B. left untreated C. leaving to untreat D. left untreating

【解析】选B if后的逻辑关系是：这种病被忽视未被治疗，表示被动关系，通过两个分词left和untreated表示。完整句子为：if it is left untreated，分词作非谓语动词可带连词。 ( )4. The manager decided to give the job to ____ he believe had a strong sense of duty. A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. no matter who

【解析】选A whoever引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语。但同时又做主句的主语，不能用whomever；而no matter who 引导让步状语从句，所以也不能用。 ( )5. ____ nice，the fish was sold out soon.

A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Being taste

【解析】选B 系动词，作不及物动词用，无被动语态。所以不能用过去分词．而用现在分词，tasting nice做原因状语。

( )6. In the dark forests ____, some large enough to hold several English towns. (2005 辽宁)

A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many laks stand 【解析】选B 该句倒装，主语是lakes，不及物动词stand，lie均可用来表达“位于”，但stand意为“站立，屹立”，用于立体物体；lie为“躺，卧”，相对于平面而言。 ( )7. The scientists my the plant's ____ in this area was a terrible sign of the worse environment. A. introduetion B. absence C. presence D. appearance

【解析】选B 全句意为“这个地区这种植物的消失是环境恶化的一种迹象”。 ( )8. -- Will $200 ____?

-- I'm afraid not. We need at least 50 more dollars. A. count B. satisfy C. fit D. do

【解析】选D 问句意为“200美元可行吗?”do可作不及物动词，作“行，可以”解，表示对莱一事实的认可。fit意为“吻合”，不是抽象意义的“合适”。

( )9. The key doesn't ____ the lock. A. fit B. fit for C. fit to D. fit with

【解析】选A 此处应作及物动词用，意为“这把钥匙不是配这把锁的”，不及物用法应为fit in with，形容词用法应是be fit for 或 be fit to do...。

( )10. You don't look well recently. Try to ____ strong wine. A. keep off B. keep out C. keep out of D. keep up

【解析】选A keep off意为“别碰，远离”，句意是“身体不好，不要喝烈酒”；keep up意为“坚持，保持”；keep out(of)意为“不让??进来”。

高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit5-6

【短语归类】

【考点5】clear up 和clean up

① clear up 整理；消除；澄清；放晴 ② clean up 彻底打扫；清理干净

[例句] Would you clean up this room before our visitors arrive?客人到来之前，你打扫房间好吗?

She would like to have a talk with her classmate to clear up their misunderstanding. 他想和同学交谈以解除他们之间的误会。

There are some points I'd like to clear up. 有几点我要澄清一下。 【考例5】On his mother's arrival，the crying boy's face____. A. cleared up B. clearled up C. was lit up D. reflected up

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义问题。

[答案与解析]A light up此处不用被动态。D不合题意。 【考点l】与 consist 有关的短语

① consist of 由??组成 (= be made up of) ② consist in 在于

[例句] The club consists of more than 200 members. 俱乐部南200多个成员组成。

The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air and peaceful environment. 这个村庄的美丽之处在于它清洁的空气和幽静的环境。

▲ 友情提示：consist of 不用于被动语态。 【考例1】The opening province which ____ thirteen counties and three coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development. A. consists of B. makes up C. is included D. is contained

[考查目标] 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题。

[答案与解析]A B应该使用被动结构．即：is made up of。C不应该使用被动语态。而D本身是错误的，在本题中不可使用。 10. deal with 处理，对付

How can I deal with the problem? 我应该如何处理这个问题?

(相当于：What can I do with the problem?) Deal with aman as he deals with you. 以其人之道还治其人之身。

deal with 也可译作“与??有生意来往”。

We have dealt with the finn for many years. 我们和这家公司有多年生意来往。 【考点4】in store

have / keep / hold...in store 储藏着；准备着；将发生的

[例句] Nobody knows what the future may hold in store. 没有人知道将来会是怎样。 There was a big surprise in store. 有一个大惊奇在等着呢。 【考例4】There was another accident ____ for him that day.

A. in the way B. in store C. in effect D. in case

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语辨义。

[答案与解析]B in the way 挡路。in effect 事实上。in case 万一，以防。 【考点2】与 point 有关的短语 ① at the point 在某处；一度 ② to the point 切中要点 ③ off the point 离题

④ be on the point of doing sth when... 正要做某事?? 突然

⑤ There's no point (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义 ⑥ point at / to 指向 ⑦ point out 指出

[例句] At one point at the meeting the manager nearly lost his temper. 会上经理一度几乎大发脾气。

His remarks on the matter were much to the point. 他就这事的评论非常切中要点。

The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang. 这孩子正要上床睡觉这时电话响了。

There's very little point in arguing further. 再争论下去意义不大。

【考例2】The peaks flue so close to each other that the distance between them ____ is 5 meters. A. to the point B. at one point C. at the point D. On the point

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。

[答案与解析]B 两座山峰如此紧靠着以至于最贴近的一处距离仅为五米。 【考点3】“动词 + 名词 + 介词”短语

① make the most of = make the best of = make full use of 充分利用

② pay attention to 注意 ③ take care of 照看；照顾 ④ take notice of 注意 ⑤ make notes of 纪录

[例句]The most must be made of these natural resources to develop the economy of the country. 要充分利用自然资源来发展国家的经济。

Our attention should be paid to water pollution. 我们应该注意水的污染问题。 ▲ 友情提示：这类三词词组的被动态形式有两种：一是把介词后的宾语作为被动态的主语；二是把中间的名词作为被动态的主语。

【考例 3】Has the boy who was made use of ____ realized his mistakes?

A. stealing B. to steal C. for stealing D. stolen

[考查目标] 此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式。 [答案与解析]B “利用??去做某事”。要用不定式作目的状语，即：makeuse of...to do sth。句中的of有宾语，就是前面的the boy。题意是：那个被人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗? ☆词语比较☆

1. pleasant, pleasing, pleased

(1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能修饰人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而不能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。

I hope you'll have a pleasant holiday. 我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。

(2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感，传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事物。

An actor should have a pleasing personality. 表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。

(3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相同。作表语时，句子的主语只能是“人”，而不能是表示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对??表示满 意”之意。 She had a pleased look 0n his face. 她脸上露出了满意的表情。

2. be made up of, be made of, be made from, be made into (1) be made up of 由??组成。

The United States is made up of fifty states. 美国由五十个州组成。

(2) be made of 由??制成 (成品看得出原料)。 The table ismade of wood.