浅析云南省农信社小额信贷

目 录

绪论 .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1 农村信用社小额信贷的基本慨况 ............................................................................................... 2

1.1农信社小额信贷的概念 .................................................................................................... 2 1.2农信社小额信贷的特点 .................................................................................................... 2 1.3农信社小额信贷的由来 .................................................................................................... 2 1.4 农信社小额信贷的类型 ................................................................................................... 3 2 云南省农村信用社小额信用贷款 ............................................................................................... 3

2.1 农信社小额信贷的云南背景 ........................................................................................... 3 2.2 云南省农信社小额信贷的整体现状 ............................................................................... 3 2.3云南省农信社小额贷款的制度 ........................................................................................ 4 2.4云南省小额信贷和经济发展 ............................................................................................ 4 3 云南省农村信用社小额信贷存在的问题 ................................................................................... 5

3.1云南省农信社小额信用贷款业务本身存在的问题 ........................................................ 5

3.1.1 贷款投放质量不高 ............................................................................................... 5 3.1.2 贷款额度小，期限短，利率不合理 ................................................................... 5 3.1.3 贷款运作缺乏灵活性 ........................................................................................... 6 3.1.4 农信社信用体系建设滞后 ................................................................................... 7 3.2 农信社小额信贷的资金问题 ........................................................................................... 7

3.2.1 小额信贷缺少资金来源 ....................................................................................... 7 3.2.2 小额信贷的扶贫性质和商业化运作存在矛盾 ................................................... 7 3.3 各阶层对农信社小额信贷的认识不足 ........................................................................... 8 3.4 农信社小额信贷项目缺乏政治环境 ............................................................................... 8 4 对云南省农村信用社小额信贷的建议对策 ............................................................................... 9

4.1 农村信用社对小额信贷业务的改革 ............................................................................... 9

4.1.1 明确贷款对象，提高农户小额信贷的使用效率 ............................................... 9 4.1.2 创新农信社小额信贷模式 ................................................................................... 9 4.1.3 科学制定小额信贷的利率，额度和期限 ........................................................... 9 4.1.4 加强对农信社小额信贷的科学化管理 ............................................................. 10 4.2确保农信社农户小额信贷的可持续经营 ...................................................................... 10

4.2.1 拓宽农信社贷款资金来源 ................................................................................. 10 4.2.2保证农信社资金的良性循环 .............................................................................. 11 4.2.3 实行商业化经营 ................................................................................................. 11 4.3营造良好的认知环境 ...................................................................................................... 11

4.3.1 吸纳培养专业金融人才 ..................................................................................... 11 4.3.2 加大宣传力度，加强农户对于农信社小额信贷的认识 ................................. 12 4.4 政府积极引导，完善相关法律法规 ............................................................................. 12 结论 ................................................................................................................................................ 13 参考文献......................................................................................................................................... 14 致谢 ................................................................................................................................................ 15

摘要

小额信用贷款从1992年在云南实行试点实施以来，得到了迅速的发展，也为云南农村经济的发展作出了巨大的贡献。作为支持农村经济发展主力军的农村信用社，在农户小额信用贷款的发放和管理工作等方面的表现都尤为突出，农户小额信用贷款的功能、效益也日趋明显。然而，随着云南省农村经济的发展和农民增收步伐的加快，农户小额信用贷款在实施的过程中也出现了一系列的问题。文章主要介绍了小额信用贷款在云南省的发展状况，通过简述云南省农村信用社农户小额信贷的一些情况，分析农户小额信用贷款在云南的发展中存在的一些业务问题，信贷资金供求矛盾，利率，期限，额度方面的不合理，运作环境等方面的问题。并针对这些问题提出了若干具体解决问题的基本思路。为了更加有效的加强农户小额信用贷款管理水平，促进小额信用贷款事业的发展，以更好地服务“三农”和新农村建设来支持农村经济发展。

关键词：云南省 农村信用社 小额信用贷款 存在问题 对策

I

Abstract

Small credit loans from pilot implementation in Yunnan in 1992, obtained the rapid development, as well as have made great contribution to the development of rural economy in Yunnan province. As main force to support the rural economy development of the rural credit cooperatives, the farmers of micro-credit loans in such aspects as the distribution and management of performance is particularly outstanding, the function of the farmers of micro-credit loans, benefit is obvious. However, with the development of rural economy in Yunnan province and speed up the pace of increasing farmers' income, farmer micro-credit loans in the process of implementation, there is a series of problems. This paper mainly introduces the development of small credit loan in Yunnan province, and through a brief introduction of Yunnan province rural credit cooperatives farmers micro-credit, analysis of peasant household micro-finance credit loans in Yunnan some business problems, existing in the development of credit funds the contradiction of supply and demand, interest rates, duration, amount of unreasonable, operation environment, etc. And put forward several specific to solve these problems the basic train of thought to solve the problem. In order to more effectively strengthen the farmers of micro-credit loans management level, promote the development of small credit loan, in order to better serve the \rural economic development.

Key words ： Yunnan province rural credit cooperatives micro finance problems

existing problem countermeasures

II

绪 论

小额信用贷款起源于孟加拉国的乡村银行，在1994年被引入我国之后，作为一种金融服务取得了很好的发展。特别是在我国农村金融领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。小额信用贷款始终坚持 “以农为本．为农服务”的宗旨。旨在服务“三农”促进农业产业化和农村经济结构调整。根据云南地区的特殊省情，云南省农村信用社农户小额信用贷款的基本模式是以半官方的扶贫项目以及以金融机构为主体的组织模式为主，自云南省农村信用社试点农户小额信用贷款以来，基本实现了小额信用贷款对于解决农村贫困的目标。农村信用社在2001年推行的农户小额信用贷款, 被称为农村金融领域的“革命性变革”。从小额信用贷款运行的总体情况来看，在我国一些地区取得了显著的效果，在发展壮大农村经济，帮助农民脱贫致富等方面发挥了很大的作用。但是，从客观上讲现行的云南省农村信用社农户小额信用贷款的局限性也日益显现出来，所以我们有必要根据它的不足加以适度调整与创新，使得小额信用贷款制度更加完善。

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