高级英语五，六册课文分析讲解

2. Social significance of rock music (Paragraphs 4-10) ① Authoritatives’ views (Paragraphs 5-6)

a. Music expresses its times. (Irving Horowits)

b. Rock music is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force. (Todd Rundgren)

② Examples to support their views (Paragraphs 7-10) a. Politics (Paragraphs 7-8) b. Feelings (Paragraph 9) c. Summary (Paragraph 10)

3. Rewards to rock superstars: fame and gain (Paragraphs 11-12) 4. Returning to the question raised in the title (Paragraph 13) III. Key Words and Expressions

1. amphitheater (Para 1): “amphi-”, a prefix, meaning “circular, surrounding”; an amphitheater is a roofless building with rows of seats on a slope that completely surrounds and rises above a central usually circular area, especially one built in ancient Rome used for competitions and theatre performances圆形剧场

2. packed (Para 1): crowded with people 3. sprinkle (Para 1): spray

4. contents (Para 1): the thing contained, here it refers to water 5. surge (Para 1): move forward like a sea wave 6. crunch up (Para 2): crowd up noisily 7. singing ghoul (Para 2): horror singer 8. marvelous (Para 2): wonderful

9. tune up (Para 3): adjust a musical instrument and get ready for performance

10. pilgrimage (Para 3): a religious journey made to show devotion to a sacred place 11. adulation (Para 4): excessive praise 12. reverence (Para 4): great respect 13. fantasy (Para 4): imagination

14. clash and crash (Para 5): three figures of speech are involved in this phrase: alliteration (repetition of an initial consonant in a series of content words头韵, e.g.: bread and butter), assonance (repetition of a stressed vowel in a series of content words 准押韵, e.g.: make, lake, late ,later) and metaphor (a comparison without the use of comparative words such as like or as 暗喻, e.g.: He is a lion.他勇猛得像头狮子[= He is as brave as a lion.]。) 15. embody (Para 6): express

16. editorialize (Para 6): carry editorials (leading articles in a newspaper or a magazine) 17. disaffection (Para 7): dissatisfaction. Compare:

dissatisfaction: dissatisfaction can be caused by any events. It has a much wider scope of application than disaffection

disaffection: usually has to do with a political cause. 18. urge (Para 8): advocate

19. lyrics (Para 9): words of a song 20. celebrate (Para 9): praise

21. baby (Para 12): a loved person IV. Questions for Discussion

1. What is the function of the two quotations? Are they appropriate?

(The first quotation tells us the content of rock music while the second tells us the social significance of rock music. Yes, they are.)

2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples? What similarities have you noticed concerning the writing of these examples?

(The author attempts to illustrate the great influence of rock music among the teenagers with the three examples. In the writing of these examples the author follows the same set pattern: the date, the place, the mention of a particular musical performer, and his or her effect upon the audience. The sentences are short, packed with adjectives, in an attempt to recapture the excitement of these performances.)

3. According to Horowitz, what is the social significance of rock music? Say in your own words what he means.

(According to Horowitz, rock music reflects the characteristics of the times in which it is composed. It reflects American people?s believes and attitudes and rock music stage is a place where different ideas come into violent conflict.)

4. Has the author given a complete answer to the question he raises in the title? Why do you think the author ends the article the way he does?

(No, he doesn?t. It may be the author?s intention not to provide any solution but to encourage the readers to think seriously about the problem.)

5. How do you account for the statement that “Rock music is really a sociological expression rather than a musical force”?

(Rock music is a social phenomenon expressing the likes and dislikes of particular groups of people. It is not a brand-new musical form.)

6. What make the American youth worship their rock stars with such intense passion?

(American youth worship their rock stars with such intense passion because rock stars speak out what they want to say in a way that suits the taste of the American youth.)

7. What does rock music tell us about the American people and society? Is it right to dismiss it as decadent?

(Rock music tells us the believes and attitudes of American people and society. It tells us what the American people and society concern most in the 1960s such as civil rights, nuclear fallout, loneliness, revolution, sadness, love, hate and tender feelings. It is not right to dismiss it as decadent.) V. Exercises

Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below, changing its form when necessary:

sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody

1. His paintings ____________ the spirit of the modern era.

2. How do you ____________ your frustrations, by throwing glasses or something?

3.The peddler ____________ some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier. 4. In such heated air, the ____________ students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons.

5. That?s ____________ gossip. Don?t listen to it.

6. She sent in her application for the job, but was ____________ as unqualified.

7. The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss ______________ to contradict him.

8. Everybody should have a sincere ____________ for the laws of his country.

(Key: 1. embody 2. act out 3. sprinkled 4. sweltering 5. idle 6. rejected 7. rather than 8. reverence)

B. Circle the right word or expression in the brackets in each of the following sentences:

1. The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing, debating) the issue of raising taxes on TV.

2. It was a (proud, arrogant) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President. 3. Even if you (mix, blend) oil and water, they will not (mix, blend) .

4. Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive, imagine) of living without it..

5. As it was an informal dinner, most people (wore, were dressed) in their comfortable clothes .

6. Do you think those young people are (idealistic, ideal) or pragmatic?.

7. Filled with great (adulation, admiration) for their integrity and courage, he was determined to be a man like them.

8. Deep at night, they could still hear gun-fire (rambling, rumbling) in the distance.

(Key: 1. debating 2. proud 3. mix; blend 4. conceive 5. were dressed 6. idealistic 7. admiration 8. rumbling)

C. Choose the right word from the box given below for each blank:

costs economic stagnated dependent developing speculate middle peoples through trade become started corporations back created with half used toward investments turned process sharp earned times increase said favor seek deficit developed turned overseas markets relationship industry later crisis

3. Japanese Capitalism

Since the San Francisco Peace Treaty following the occupation, Japan?s economy has been (1)________ on the American economy. Until the (2)________ of the 1960s Japan?s (3)________ growth was tied in (4)________ American?s military expenditures and it may be (5)________ that Japanese (6)________ gained indirectly in world (7)________ at the expense of the more defense-oriented American industry. In other words, Japan, in its (8)________ with America benefited from an international division of labor shaped by relative production (9)________.

However, when the Vietnam War bogged down, America?s productivity (10)________, the dollar crisis began, and Japanese-United States relations (11)________ strained. During the second (12)________ of the 1960s, Japan?s trade with America (13)________ sharply in Japan?s (14)________. In 1967, Japan?s trade with the United States showed a (15)________ of $200 million, but five years (16)________ in 1972 this had (17)________ into a surplus of $3 billion---up until the recent oil (18)________. America was trying in its policy (19)________ Japan to put a brake on Japan?s (20)________ expansion.

As this situation (21)________, big enterprises in Japan began to (22)________ an

independent economic sphere of influence, and (23)________ rapidly to expand activities in the (24)________ nations.

Big (25)________ converted into yen the $10 billion they had (26)________ from exports during 1971-72, and (27)________ these yen to (28)________ in stocks, real estate, and commodities. Building up their retained earnings (29)________ gains in such speculation, they then converted some of the profits (30)________ into dollars and increased their (31)________ overseas. During this (32)________, clever use was made of revolution and subsequent devaluation of the yen to further (33)________ profits. This is the background behind the direct (34)________ investments of $2.3 billion in1972, about 2.7 (35)________ the previous year?s investments. This (36)________ increase in overseas investment, however, has (37)________ new strains in Japan?s relationship with the (38)________ of developing nations.

(Key: 1. dependent 2. middle 3. trade 4. with 5. said 6. industry 7.markets 8. relationship 9. costs 10. stagnated 11. become 12. half 13. turned 14. favor 15. deficit 16. later 17. turned 18. crisis 19. toward 20. economic 21. developed 22. seek 23. started 24. developing 25. corporations 26. earned 27. used 28.speculate 29. through 30. back 31. investment 32. process 33. increase 34. overseas 35. times 36. sharp 37. created 38. peoples)

Lesson 4 A Most Forgiving Ape (Part One) I. Introduction

Our text is taken from the book No Room in the Ark, whose title is a parody of a Bible story. According to Genesis, after God created mankind and put them on the earth, he later found they became wicked. With regret God decided to send a flood to destroy every living being on the earth. But God was pleased with Noah, the only good man God could find at that time. So God commanded Noah to build an ark, a covered boat, and take into the boat with him his family, a male and female of every kind of animal and bird. The flood came on the earth and continued for forty days. Every living being on the earth died with the only exception of Noah and those who were with him in the ark. So when there is no room in the ark for an animal, that animal is really facing the danger of extinction.

A Most Forgiving Ape is mainly a narration of how the author managed to closely observe the gorilla in its wild state in Central Africa. His purpose is not to entertain the reader with the description of some rare animal. His is really warning the world that the gorilla, so lovely an animal, is facing the danger of extinction unless some effective measures are taken. II. Organization of the Text

1. The mountains in which the gorillas live (Paragraphs 1-2) 2. An account of the gorilla in various aspects (Paragraphs 3-9)

3. Description of Kabale, the game warden and guides before setting out on a search expedition (Paragraphs 10-14)

III. Key Words and Expressions 1. all at once (Para 1): suddenly

2. break out (Para 1): unfold; show suddenly 3. lofty (Para 1): high

4. forbidding (Para 1): frightening looking 5. soporific (Para 2): sleep-producing